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March 6 in history

206 sourced entries recorded on March 6, from 190 CE to 2022 CE. Every line is quoted from the revision it came from.

Events

  • 632March 6 (Friday, 9 Zulhijja, 10 AH) – The Farewell Sermon (Khuṭbatu l-Wadāʿ) is delivered by Muhammad, Islamic prophet, in the Uranah valley of Mount Arafat, to the Muslims who have accompanied him for the Hajj (pilgrimage).source
  • 724Muhammad ibn Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan, the son of the Caliph Abd al-Malik, is appointed as the Umayyad Governor of Egypt after Hanzala ibn Safwan al-Kalbi resigns. He serves for only two months.source
  • 961Siege of Chandax: Byzantine forces under Nikephoros II Phokas capture and pillage Chandax after an 8-month siege. Nikephoros massacres the population without mercy and carries them off into slavery, returning to Constantinople with Emir Abd al-Aziz ibn Shu'ayb and his family as prisoners. The island Emirate of Crete is converted into a Byzantine theme and the remaining Muslims are converted to Christianity.source
  • 1025In the Duchy of Aquitaine in France, the Aquitanian barons and prelates meet at Maillezais, to discuss the claims by William the Fat, son of the Duke of Aquitaine Guillaume le Grand (William the Great) to rule the vacant throne of the Kingdom of Italy (primarily Lombardy and Tuscany) within the Holy Roman Empire. The title is eventually claimed by Conrad the Salic.source
  • 1093Anselm, Italian Benedictine abbot and theologian, becomes archbishop of Canterbury in England, succeeding Lanfranc. The post of archbishop has been left vacant since 1089 by King William II of England – so he can collect the church's income for himself.source
  • 1162German forces led by Frederick Barbarossa, Holy Roman Emperor, capture Milan; much of the city is destroyed three weeks later on the emperor's orders. The fortifications are demolished and the churches are destroyed. The population is dispersed, and the commune abolished. The fate of Milan leads to the submission of Brescia, Piacenza, and many other northern Italian cities.source
  • 1229University of Paris strike: Students begin to riot, after a dispute over a bill with a tavern proprietor. Queen Blanche of Castile demands retribution, and allows the city guard to punish the student rioters. She puts an economic strain upon the student quarter of Paris (the Latin Quarter), where Latin is commonly heard in the streets.source
  • 1300King Edward I of England ("Longshanks") convenes his 47th meeting of parliament in 25 years at Westminster for a two week session. Before dissolving on March 20, the parliament approves the articuli super cartas, a 20-article amendment to the original Magna Carta.source
  • 1323Treaty of Paris: Count Louis I relinquishes Flemish claims over the County of Zeeland. He acknowledges William II the Good as count of Avesnes, Holland, and Zeeland as a state within the Holy Roman Empire. William occupies most of the Bishopric of Utrecht and tries to conquer Friesland (or Frisia) but is repelled by Governor Hessel Martena.source
  • 1340Bohemian Crusade: The Church authorizes a military expedition against heretics.source
  • 1394The English Parliament closes after a 37 day session. Among the acts receiving royal assent are the Money Act (prohibiting the melting of money and the import of foreign money), the Cloths Act ("Every person may make cloth of what length and breadth he will."), and the Exportation of Corn Act (allowing all of the King's subjects to ship grain from the Kingdom.)source
  • 1426Hundred Years' War: After being besieged since February 27 in Saint-James (near Avranches in Normandy), a 600-strong force of English knights led by Sir Thomas Rempston routs a 16,000-strong French and Brittanian force under Arthur de Richemont, Constable of France, in the Battle of Saint-James. This forces the Duke of Brittany (Richemont's brother) to offer a truce and on September 8 to acknowledge Henry VI of England's suzerainty over France.source
  • 1426English forces under John, Duke of Bedford win a victory at the Battle of St. James in Normandy as part of the Hundred Years' War.source
  • 1446The Battle of Ragaz marks the last military conflict of the Old Zurich War between the Swiss Confederacy and the Habsburgs, as 1,200 soldiers of the Confederation defeat the Austrian army, commanded by Hans von Rechberg and Wolfhart V. von Brandis, the Habsburg bailiff of Feldkirch. Among other things, the banners of the lords of Brandis are lost to the confederates and later transferred to the church in Sarnen. According to contemporary accounts, around 900 men from the Habsburg army and around 100 men from the Swiss army fell in the battle.source
  • 1447On the fourth vote of the papal conclave, Prospero Colonna is still unable to gain more than 10 votes, and Cardinal Capranica addresses the group, warning that Rome would be under attack from the King of Aragon. At the intervention of Cardinal Giovanni Berardi, the cardinals begin voting for a compromise candidate, Tommaso Parentucelli, who wins 12 votes. Parentucelli then takes the regnal name of Pope Nicholas V, the 208th Bishop of Rome and Pope.source
  • 1453The English Parliament opens its session at Reading after being summoned by King Henry VI.source
  • 1454Casimir IV Jagiellon of Poland renounces allegiance to the Teutonic Knights and the Prussian Confederation pledges its allegiance to him.source
  • 1473The original University of Trier is founded in the Electorate of the Paletine in what is now Germany, 18 years after the Pope had granted the Archbishop of Trier, Jakob von Sierck, the papal dispensation to create a university. After 365 years, the university is closed in 1798, but re-established 172 years later in 1970.source
  • 1480The Treaty of Toledo is signed as Ferdinand and Isabella of Spain recognize the African conquests of Afonso V of Portugal, and he cedes the Canary Islands to Spain.source
  • 1486John Morton is appointed by King Henry VII as the Lord Chancellor of England and chief justice of the Court of Chancery.source
  • 1487Cardinal John Morton, Archbishop of Canterbury since January 21, becomes the new Lord Chancellor of England, succeeding the late Thomas Bourchier.source
  • 1520Several members of the Swedish riksråd make peace with Christian II of Denmark and acknowledge him as Swedish monarch in Uppsala.source
  • 1521Ferdinand Magellan makes the first European contact with Guam, most likely landing in Tumon.source
  • 1521Martin Luther is summoned to appear before the Diet of Worms.source
  • 1522Protestant reformer Martin Luther returns to Wittenberg in Germany after getting cleared to return home by his protector, Frederick the Wise, Elector of Saxony.source
  • 1526King François I of France is released from captivity in Spain after having signed the Treaty of Madrid.source
  • 1526King Francis I of France is released from captivity in Spain after having signed the Treaty of Madrid.source
  • 1526After a defeat in battle of Afghan soldiers of the Delhi Sultanate by the Mughal Empire, the Mughal Emperor Babur and Crown Prince Humayun arrange the execution of 100 captured Afghan prisoners by "blowing from a gun, the process of placing or tying a condemned prisoner to the mouth of a cannon and then firing.source
  • 1587In west Africa, Álvaro II Nimi a Nkanga becomes the new ruler of the Kingdom of Kongo, with a capital at São Salvador in what becomes the city of M'banza-Kongo in the northern part of the Republic of Angola, and including parts of the Republic of the Congo and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Alvaro II claims the throne upon the dath of his father, Álvaro I Nimi a Lukeni lua Mvemba.source
  • 1589The Admiralty of the Noorderkwartier is set up as the third of the five admiralties in the Dutch Republic.source
  • 1589Ralph Fitch becomes the first known person from England to set foot on the island of Ceylon (now Sri Lanka) and stays five days.source
  • 1629Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor issues the Edict of Restitution, ordering all Catholic properties lost to Protestantism since 1552 to be restored. The Edict further provides that Catholics and Lutherans (but not Calvinists, Hussites or members of other sects) are to be allowed to practice their faith.source
  • 1634Henriette and Marguerite of Lorraine manage to flee Nancy for Franche-Comté.source
  • 1637The world's first opera house, Teatro San Cassiano, opens in Venice with the premiere of L'Andromeda, with music by Francesco Manelli and libretto by Benedetto Ferrari.source
  • 1646Joseph Jenkes obtains the first colonial machine patent, in Massachusetts.source
  • 1651The town of Kajaani is founded by Count Per Brahe the Younger.source
  • 1665The Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London begins publication in England, the first scientific journal in English and the oldest to be continuously published.source
  • 1665the Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London begins publication, the first scientific journal in English and the oldest to be continuously published.source
  • 1679In England, the "Habeas Corpus Parliament" (or "First Exclusion Parliament") is opened.source
  • 1710The ancient Roman Pillar of the Boatmen is found during the construction of a crypt under the nave of Notre-Dame de Paris.source
  • 1716At night, an aurora borealis is seen throughout Europe, from Ireland to Italy.source
  • 1717February 26–March 6 – What becomes the northeastern United States is paralyzed by a series of blizzards that bury the region.source
  • 1719A serious earthquake (estimated magnitude >7) in El Salvador results in large fractures, liquefaction zones, and a sulphuric gas leak. It destroys houses, churches and monasteries.source
  • 1749A "corpse riot" breaks out in Glasgow after a body disappears from a churchyard in the Gorbals district. Suspicion falls on anatomy students at the Glasgow Infirmary "had raised a dead body from the grave and carried it to the college" for dissection. The city guard intervenes after a mob of protesters begins breaking windows at random buildings, but groups of citizens begin to make regular patrols of church graveyardssource
  • 1749A "corpse riot" breaks out in Glasgow after a body disappears from a churchyard in the Gorbals district. It is suspected that anatomy students at the Glasgow Infirmary "had raised a dead body from the grave and carried it to the college" for dissection. The city guard intervenes after a mob of protesters begin breaking windows at random buildings, and groups of citizens begin to make regular patrols of church graveyards.source
  • 1754Thomas Pelham-Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle-upon-Tyne becomes Prime Minister following the death of his brother Henry Pelham.source
  • 1754Thomas Dillon, Richard Ferrall and Co.'s bank failure in Dublin due to fraud, the first of three (1754–1755); the partners abscond to France.source
  • 1775Raghunathrao, Peshwa of the Maratha Empire in India, signs the Treaty of Surat with the British Governor-General Warren Hastings in Bombay ceding the territories of Salsette and Bassein to the British East India Company along with part of the revenues from Surat and Bharuch districts in return for military assistance. This leads to the First Anglo-Maratha War fought between the British and the Marathas, ending with the Treaty of Salbai in 1782.source
  • 1778October 24 – Captain Cook explores and maps the Pacific Northwest coast of North America, from Cape Foulweather (Oregon) to the Bering Strait.source
  • 1788Lieutenant Philip Gidley King establishes a settlement on Norfolk Island with a party of fifteen convicts and seven men.source
  • 1790The New York legislature consents to the admission to the Union of a new state, Vermont, formed within the boundaries of New York, contingent upon the successful conclusion of negotiations concerning disputed real-estate claims, and the boundary between the two states.source
  • 1812Two Wesleyan Methodist classes were established in Sydney by Thomas Bowden and John Hosking—the beginning of Methodism in Australia.source
  • 1814José Miguel Carrera and his brother Luis Carrera are captured by a Royalist squadron under Clemente de Lantaño.source
  • 1834York, Upper Canada, is incorporated as Toronto.source
  • 1834Incorporation of Toronto, heretofore York, Upper Canada.source
  • 1836Texas Revolution: The Battle of the Alamo ends. At least 182 Texan settler soldiers die in a struggle against more than 2,000 Mexican soldiers.source
  • 1836The Battle of the Alamo ends; 189 Texans are slaughtered by about 1,600 Mexicans.source
  • 1853Giuseppe Verdi's opera La traviata premieres at La Fenice in Venice, but is poorly received at this time.source
  • 1856Maryland Agricultural College (modern-day University of Maryland, College Park) is chartered.source
  • 1857Dred Scott v. Sandford: The Supreme Court of the United States rules that blacks are not citizens and slaves can not sue for freedom, driving the U.S. further towards the American Civil War (the ruling is not overturned until the 14th Amendment is adopted in 1868).source
  • 1857Dred Scott v. Sanford: The Supreme Court of the United States rules that Blacks are not citizens and slaves cannot sue for freedom, driving the country further towards the American Civil War (the ruling is not overturned until the Fourteenth Amendment in 1868).source
  • 1860Reform War: Battle of Anton Lizardosource
  • 1862An ammunition warehouse explosion in San Andres Chalchicomula, Mexico, kills between 1,400 and 2,280 during the Second French intervention in Mexico.source
  • 1879The town of Cleve, South Australia is officially gazetted.source
  • 1882March 6 (February 22 Old Style) – The Principality of Serbia becomes the Kingdom of Serbia following a proclamation.source
  • 1892March 6–8 – Exclusive Agreement: Rulers of six Trucial States (Abu Dhabi, Dubai, Sharjah, Ajman, Ras al-Khaimah and Umm al-Quwain) and Bahrain sign an agreement, by which they become de facto British protectorates.source
  • 1893The Liverpool Overhead Railway opens with 2-car electric multiple units, the first to operate in the world.source
  • 1899In Berlin, Felix Hoffmann patents Aspirin and Bayer registers its name as a trademark.source
  • 1900A coal mine explosion in West Virginia, United States, kills 50 miners.source
  • 1901In Bremen, an assassination attempt is made on Wilhelm II, German Emperor.source
  • 1901Kaiser Wilhelm II survives an assassination attempt in Bremen.source
  • 1904Scottish National Antarctic Expedition: Led by William Speirs Bruce, the Antarctic region of Coats Land is discovered from the Scotia.source
  • 1909Birkenhead dock disaster: a temporary cofferdam collapses during construction of Vittoria Dock, killing 14 navvies.source
  • 1912Italian forces become the first to use airships in war as two dirigibles drop bombs on Turkish troops encamped at Janzur, from an altitude of 6,000 feet.source
  • 1913March 4–6 – First Balkan War: Battle of Bizani – Forces of the Kingdom of Greece capture the forts of Bizani (covering the approaches to Ioannina) from the Ottoman Empire.source
  • 1918The Finnish Army Corps of Aviation is founded as a forerunner of the Finnish Air Force (established on 4 May 1928). The blue swastika is adopted as its symbol, as a tribute to the Swedish explorer and aviator Eric von Rosen, who donated the first plane. Von Rosen had painted the Viking symbol on the plane as his personal lucky insignia.source
  • 1918The Finnish Army Corps of Aviation, a forerunner of the Finnish Air Force, is founded. The blue swastika, Viking in origin, is adopted as its symbol, in tribute to the Swedish explorer and aviator Eric von Rosen, who donated the first plane.source
  • 1918The first pilotless drone, the Hewitt-Sperry Automatic Airplane developed by Elmer Ambrose Sperry and Peter Cooper Hewitt, is test-flown in Long Island, New York, but development is scrapped in 1925, after its guidance system proves unreliable.source
  • 1923The Egyptian Feminist Union (Arabic: الاتحاد النسائي المصري), the first nationwide feminist movement in Egypt, is founded at the home of activist Huda Sha'arawi.source
  • 1925Annexation of Eupen and Malmedy to the Kingdom of Belgium.source
  • 1925Pionerskaya Pravda, one of the oldest children's newspapers in Europe, is founded in the Soviet Union.source
  • 1926The first commercial air route from the United Kingdom to South Africa is established by Alan Cobham.source
  • 1926The Shakespeare Memorial Theatre in Stratford-upon-Avon (England) is destroyed by fire.source
  • 1926The Shakespeare Memorial Theatre in Stratford-upon-Avon is destroyed by fire.source
  • 1930The first frozen foods of Clarence Birdseye go on sale in Springfield, Massachusetts.source
  • 1930International Unemployment Day is observed in countries throughout the world.source
  • 1936March 2–8. Strike action at Polish-Swiss Chocolate Factory Philippe Suchard in Kraków,source
  • 1942WWII: Yugoslav Partisans, operating in Nazi-occupied Serbia, assassinate Đorđe Kosmajac in Belgrade.source
  • 1942Decree issued for the recruitment of forced labour for German factories.source
  • 1945A Communist-led government is formed in Romania under Petru Groza, following Soviet intervention.source
  • 1946First Indochina War: Ho Chi Minh signs an agreement with France, which recognizes Vietnam as an autonomous state in the Indochinese Federation and the French Union.source
  • 1950A new postal district system dividing Singapore into 28 districts is launched, making it the first ever system.source
  • 1951Fort Santiago is declared a National Shrine.source
  • 1951The trial of Julius and Ethel Rosenberg for conspiracy to commit espionage begins in the United States.source
  • 1953Georgy Malenkov succeeds Joseph Stalin, as Premier and First Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.source
  • 1957United Kingdom colonies Gold Coast and British Togoland become the independent nation of Ghana.source
  • 1957Zodi Ikhia founds the Nigerien Democratic Front (FDN) in Niger.source
  • 1960The Canton of Geneva in Switzerland gives women the right to vote.source
  • 1964Constantine II becomes King of Greece, upon the death of his father King Paul.source
  • 1964American boxer Cassius Clay announces the change of his name to Muhammad Ali.source
  • 1968Un-recognized Rhodesia executes 3 black citizens, the first executions since UDI, prompting international condemnation.source
  • 1970Süleyman Demirel of AP forms the new government of Turkey (32nd government).source
  • 1971A fire in a mental hospital in Burghölzli, Switzerland kills 28 people.source
  • 19741974 Balkans Cup: Albania defeats Yugoslavia 2-1 at Dinamo Stadium, Tiranasource
  • 1975Algiers Agreement: Iran and Iraq announce a settlement in their border dispute.source
  • 1975Iran and Iraq announced a settlement in their border dispute, at a meeting of the OPEC nations in Algiers. The Shah of Iran signed on behalf of his nation, while Iraq was represented by Saddam Hussein, an aide to President Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr and future President of Iraq. The meeting was overseen by Algerian President Houari Boumediene. Iraq agreed to drop claims to half of the Shatt al-Arab, while Iran agreed not to supply weapons to Kurdish separatists in northern Iraq.source
  • 1975A bomb explodes in the Paris offices of Springer publishers. The March 6 Group (connected to the Red Army Faction) demands amnesty for the Baader-Meinhof Group.source
  • 1985Greek Prime Minister Andreas Papandreou instigated a constitutional crisis to divert voter's attention from the deterioration of the Greek economy, by suddenly not supporting Konstantinos Karamanlis for a second term as President of Greece and violating constitutional voting protocol to get his presidential candidate to power. At the same time, he proposed a constitutional reforms to remove constitutional checks and balances constraining his position.source
  • 1987Zeebrugge disaster: Roll-on/roll-off cross-channel ferry MS Herald of Free Enterprise capsizes off Zeebrugge harbor in Belgium; 193 people die.source
  • 1987A 6.9 magnitude earthquake occurs in Napo Province in northeast Ecuador, killing roughly 1,000 people.source
  • 1988Operation Flavius: A Special Air Service team of the British Army shoots dead 3 unarmed members of a Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA) Active service unit in Gibraltar.source
  • 1994A referendum in Moldova results in the electorate voting against possible reunification with Romania.source
  • 1996Mesut Yılmaz of ANAP forms the new government of Turkey (53rd government).source
  • 1996A boat carrying market traders capsizes outside Freetown harbour in Sierra Leone, killing at least 86 people.source
  • 199740th independence anniversary held.source
  • 2000February 23–March 7 – Mayon volcano in Albay erupts, with the most violent occurred, February 28 – March 1; its status is raised to the highest, Alert Level 5, on February 24 due to its hazardous explosions with pyroclastic and lahar flows that affected parts of the province, with several thousands evacuated even outside identified danger zones.source
  • 2002March 2–10 – Afghan and coalition troops carry out Operation Anaconda in the Shah-i-Kot Valley, the largest combat operation against Al-Qaeda and the Taliban to that point.source
  • 2003SCO Group files a lawsuit against IBM as part of an ongoing dispute regarding the use of Unix in the development of Linux.source
  • 200447th independence anniversarysource
  • 200548th independence anniversarysource
  • 2007Japan signs an agreement with Burkina Faso to aid the country with $3.4 million to combat food insecurity within the country.source
  • 2009The European Union will transfer to Kenya suspected Somali pirates captured during Operation Atalanta.source
  • 2011Civil uprising phase of the Syrian Civil War is triggered when 15 youths in Daraa are arrested for scrawling graffiti on their school wall denouncing the regime of President Bashar al-Assad.source
  • 2011Fighting erupts in western Ivory Coast between rebels and forces loyal to incumbent President Laurent Gbagbo, with injured people crossing into Liberia.source
  • 2012The Cyrenaica region, covering the eastern coast of Libya, announces plans for semi-autonomy.source
  • 2014Niger deports Saadi al-Gaddafi, son of Muammar al-Gaddafi, to Libya.source
  • 2015NASA's Dawn probe enters orbit around Ceres, becoming the first spacecraft to visit a dwarf planet.source
  • 2015March 5–8 – The ancient city sites of Nimrud, Hatra and Dur-Sharrukin in Iraq are demolished by the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant.source
  • 20182018 Russian Air Force Antonov An-26 crash: An Antonov An-26 transport aircraft operated by the Russian Air Force crashes on approach to Khmeimim air base in Syria, killing all 39 people on board. All of them were servicemen of the Russian Armed Forces, including Major-General Vladimir Yeremeyev.source
  • 2020The first confirmed COVID-19 case is reported, a 76-year-old US male who travelled to the country via India.source
  • 2021Pope Francis meets with Grand Ayatollah Ali al-Sistani in Najaf, Iraq. It is the first-ever meeting between a pope and a grand ayatollah.source
  • 2022March 4 – March 13 – The 2022 Winter Paralympics are held in Beijing, China, making it the first city to host both Summer Paralympics and Winter Paralympics.source

Births

  • 1340John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster (died 1399)source
  • 1405King John II of Castile (died 1454)source
  • 1459Jakob Fugger, German banker (died 1525)source
  • 1475Michelangelo Buonarroti, Italian sculptor (died 1564)source
  • 1483Francesco Guicciardini, Italian historian and statesman (died 1540)source
  • 1495Luigi Alamanni, Italian poet and statesman (died 1556)source
  • 1508Mirza Nasir-ud-Din Muhammad, emperor of the Mughal Empire (died 1556)source
  • 1536Santi di Tito, Italian painter (died 1603)source
  • 1619Cyrano de Bergerac, French soldier and poet (died 1655)source
  • 1619Cyrano de Bergerac, novelist and playwright, (died 1655)source
  • 1640Marcantonio Barbarigo, Italian Catholic cardinal (died 1706)source
  • 1663Francis Atterbury, British bishop (died 1732)source
  • 1663Francis Atterbury, bishop and man of letters (died 1732)source
  • 1706Sir George Pocock, British admiral (died 1792)source
  • 1716Pehr Kalm, Finnish scientist (died 1779)source
  • 1724Henry Laurens, political leader during the American Revolutionary War, father of John Laurens (died 1792)source
  • 1725Henry Benedict Stuart, Italian-born cardinal, Jacobite claimant to the British throne (died 1807)source
  • 1761Antoine-Francois Andreossy, French general (died 1828)source
  • 1779Antoine-Henri Jomini, French general (died 1869)source
  • 1787Joseph von Fraunhofer, German optician (died 1826)source
  • 1793William Dick, Scottish veterinarian, founder of Edinburgh Veterinary College (died 1866)source
  • 1797Gerrit Smith, American social reformer (died 1874)source
  • 1806Elizabeth Barrett Browning, English poet (died 1861)source
  • 1831Philip Sheridan, American general (died 1888)source
  • 1857Manuel Maria Coelho, military officer and politician (died 1943).source
  • 1927Gabriel García Márquez, Colombian author, Nobel Prize laureate (died 2014)source
  • 1931Chun Doo-hwan, 5th President of South Korea (died 2021)source
  • 1969Tahir Zaman, field hockey player and coach.source
  • 1972Shaquille O'Neal, American basketball playersource

Deaths

  • 190Liu Bian, Chinese emperor (poisoned by Dong Zhuo) (born 176)source
  • 612Janaab' Pakal, king of Palenquesource
  • 653Li Ke, prince of the Tang dynastysource
  • 766Chrodegang, Frankish bishopsource
  • 84542 captured Byzantine officials from Amorium are executed at Samarra, then the capital of the Abbasid Caliphate, after they repeatedly refuse attempts to convert them to Islam.source
  • 903Su Jian, Chinese official and chancellorsource
  • 903Lu Guangqi, Chinese official and chancellorsource
  • 1052Emma of Normandy, queen consort of England (twice), Denmark and Norway (born 984)source
  • 1070Ulric I (or Oldaric), margrave of Carniolasource
  • 1137Olegarius, archbishop of Tarragona (born 1060)source
  • 1238Al-Kamil, Ayyubid ruler of Egypt, dies at Damascus and is succeeded by his 18-year-old son Al-Adil II. After Al-Kamil's death, a civil war breaks out, and his elder son As-Salih Ayyub, sets out from Damascus to invade Egypt. But a sudden coup d'état dethrones him in favour of his uncle, As-Salih Ismail.source
  • 1238Al-Kamil, Ayyubid ruler of Egypt (born 1177)source
  • 1251Rose of Viterbo, Italian saint (born 1235)source
  • 1353Roger Grey, 1st Baron Grey de Ruthynsource
  • 1447Colette of Corbie, French abbess and saint in the Catholic Church (born 1381)source
  • 1466Alvise Loredan, Venetian admiral and statesman (born 1393)source
  • 1490Ivan the Young, Ruler of Tver (born 1458)source
  • 1491Richard Woodville, 3rd Earl Riverssource
  • 1531Pedrarias Dávila, Spanish colonial administrator (born c. 1440)source
  • 1561Gonçalo da Silveira, Portuguese Jesuit missionary (born 1526)source
  • 1597William Brooke, 10th Baron Cobham, English noble and politician (born 1527)source
  • 1681Michel de Marolles, French translator and churchman (born 1600)source
  • 1683Guarino Guarini, Italian architect of the Piedmontese Baroque (born 1624)source
  • 1698Philip Sidney, 3rd Earl of Leicester, English politician (born 1619)source
  • 1742Arthur Bevan, MP, about 54source
  • 1750Domenico Montagnana, Italian luthier (born 1686)source
  • 1754Henry Pelham, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (born 1694)source
  • 1764Philip Yorke, 1st Earl of Hardwicke, Lord Chancellor of England (born 1690)source
  • 1814Angelica Schuyler Church, daughter of Genl.Philip Schuyler, sister to Elizabeth Schuyler Hamilton (born 1756)source
  • 1836James Bowie, Texan revolutionary (born 1796) — at the Alamosource
  • 1836Davy Crockett, American frontiersman, Congressman and soldier (born 1786) — at the Alamosource
  • 1842Constanze Mozart, German-born wife of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (b.1762)source
  • 1844Gabriel Duvall, American politician and Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States (born 1752)source
  • 1854Charles Vane, 3rd Marquess of Londonderry (born 1778)source
  • 1866William Whewell, English scientist, philosopher and historian of science (born 1794)source
  • 1888Louisa May Alcott, American novelist (born 1832)source
  • 1899Princess Kaʻiulani, last monarch of Hawaii (born 1875)source
  • 1900Gottlieb Daimler, German inventor, automotive pioneer (born 1834)source
  • 1930Alfred von Tirpitz, German politician, admiral (born 1848)source
  • 1932John Philip Sousa, American band leader, conductor, and composer ("The Stars and Stripes Forever") (born 1854)source
  • 1935Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr., U.S. Supreme Court Justice (born 1841)source
  • 1961George Formby, British singer, comedian and actor (born 1904)source
  • 1976Maxie Rosenbloom, American boxer and actor (born 1907)source
  • 1986Georgia O'Keeffe, 98, American painter.source
  • 2009Christon Tembo, former Vice President and Military commandersource