/year

October 25 in history

220 sourced entries recorded on October 25, from 304 CE to 2023 CE. Every line is quoted from the revision it came from.

Events

  • 473Leo I grants his grandson Leo II, age 6, the title of Caesar (approximate date).source
  • 964October 24–25 – Siege of Rometta: Nikephoros II sends an expedition to Sicily. The Byzantine army (40,000 men) is sent to break the Muslim siege at Rometta, and to regain Sicily for the Byzantine Empire. For two days a battle takes place in the area between the beach and the besieged citadel of Rometta. The Saracens (under Al-Hasan ibn Ammar) manage to defeat the Byzantine relief force.source
  • 989The Hagia Sophia at Constantinople is struck by a great earthquake, causing the collapse of the western dome arch. Basil II asks the Armenian architect Trdat, the creator of the Cathedral of Ani, to direct the repairs.source
  • 1047Harald Hardrada becomes sole king of Norway on the death of his nephew and co-regent Magnus I ("the Good"). The crown of Denmark passes to Sweyn II.source
  • 1147Battle of Dorylaeum: The German crusaders under Conrad III are defeated by the Seljuk Turks led by Sultan Mesud I. Conrad is forced to turn back and is wounded by arrows during the retreat to Nicaea. In Seljuk territory the Crusaders are harassed all the way and demoralised by the intensified attacks. Many of the weakest people fall behind and are captured by the Muslims.source
  • 1389The papal conclave to elect a new Pope opens at the Apostolic Palace in Rome with 13 cardinals, all of whom had been selected by Pope Urban during the years from 1378 to 1384.The three absentees (from France, England and Hungary) had also been elevated to the college of cardinals by Pope Urban.source
  • 1415Battle of Agincourt: Archers, led by Henry V of England are instrumental in defeating a larger army of French knights. Edward, 2nd Duke of York, the son of King Henry, is killed in the battle, along with the French commander, Charles I d'Albret, Constable of Paris, and the second-in-command, John I, Duke of Alençon.source
  • 1415Henry V of England's army defeats the French army at the Battle of Agincourt.source
  • 1441In accordance with the proposals for the Peace of Cremona to end the war between Venice and Milan, Francesco I Sforza of Venice marries Bianca Maria Visconti, daughter of the Duke of Milan. An Italian tradition credits the creation of nougat to the celebration of the wedding.source
  • 1460The Act of Accord, passed by the Parliament of England, is given royal assent by King Henry VI as a compromise to end the War of the Roses between King Henry's supporters (the Lancastrians) and the supporters of Richard of York (the Yorkists). Under the law, King Henry is permitted to rule England for the rest of his life, but his son, Edward of Westminster, Prince of Wales is removed from the right of succession and Richard of York and his descendants are granted the right to rule upon King Henry's death.source
  • 1495Manuel, Duke of Beja and Visieu takes the throne of Portugal as King Manuel I, following the death of his cousin, King João II.source
  • 1499The Pont Notre-Dame in Paris, constructed under Charles VI of France, collapses into the Seine.source
  • 1521The Revolt of the Comuneros, an uprising by citizens of the Kingdom of Castile against the rule of Spain's King Carlos I, ends as the comuneros surrender Toledo.source
  • 1555Charles V abdicates as Holy Roman Emperor and is succeeded by his brother Ferdinand.source
  • 1557October 24 – October 28: the Earl of Sussex, Lord Deputy of Ireland, campaigns against Shane O'Neill, burning Armagh on 27 October.source
  • 1577Brian O'Rourke agrees with Sir Nicholas Malby (Lord President of Connaught) for payment to the English crown for his lordship of West Bréifne.source
  • 1586Mary, Queen of Scots, is convicted of treason and sentenced to death. She will be beheaded on February 8.source
  • 1597Following the loss of an artillery ship and the galleon San Bartolome, Spanish Admiral Diego Brochero orders the remaining ships in the attacking Armada to disperse until the weather improves.source
  • 1616Dirk Hartog makes the second recorded landfall by a European on Australian soil, at Dirk Hartog Island off the Western Australian coast, and the pewter Hartog Plate is left to mark the landfall of the Dutch ship Eendracht.source
  • 1624Det Norske Jernkompani is granted a royal privilege, granting the company a near monopoly on iron production on an industrial scale within Norway.source
  • 1625A Dutch fleet attacks the Portuguese garrison at Elmina castle at modern-day Elmina, Ghana, but is defeated with heavy casualties. This defeat, along with the defeats at Bahia and Puerto Rico, causes a five-year-long lull in Dutch attacks on Spanish and Portuguese colonies.source
  • 1653Erdeni Bumba, the wife and chief consort of China's Shunzhi Emperor, is demoted from being the empress to being a concubine.source
  • 1659the Committee of Safety replaces the Council of State.source
  • 1660King Charles proposes that some Presbyterian ministers become bishops to heal rifts in the Church; the plan is later abandoned.source
  • 1671Italian-born French astronomer Giovanni Domenico Cassini discovers Iapetus, the second known moon of the planet Saturn. Christiaan Huygens had discovered the Saturnian moon Titan on March 25, 1655.source
  • 1678five Catholic peers accused of involvement in the "Popish Plot" are arrested at the instance of the House of Commons and committed to the Tower of London. On 1 November, impeachment proceedings begin.source
  • 1694Queen Mary II of England founds the Royal Hospital for Seamen at Greenwich.source
  • 1694Queen Mary II founds the Royal Hospital for Seamen at Greenwich.source
  • 1695The 48-gun English Navy ship HMS Berkeley Castle is captured by the French Navy.source
  • 1705Battle of Praga: Swedish forces, supported by Polish allies, repel a larger coalition of Polish, Saxon, and Russian troops led by Michał Serwacy Wiśniowiecki and Aleksandr Menshikov at Praga near Warsaw.source
  • 1734The Royal Danish Nautical Charts Archive is established.source
  • 1743France and Spain form the Alliance of Fontainebleau with the aim of recapturing Gibraltar from Britain.source
  • 1744The Massachusetts General Court, colonial legislature for the Massachusetts Bay Province, approves an incentive for the killing of enemy Indians, authorizing the payment of 100 Massachusetts pounds for the scalping of a Mi'kmaq or Maliseet Indian, and 50 for the scalps of women or children.source
  • 1744Spanish explorers Antonio de Ulloa and Jorge Juan y Santacilla complete their mission of exploration and depart from the Peruvian seaport of Callao for a return to Spain.source
  • 1747War of the Austrian Succession – Second battle of Cape Finisterre: The British Navy again defeats a French fleet.source
  • 1747War of the Austrian Succession – Second battle of Cape Finisterre: The British Navy defeats the French fleet.source
  • 1755Yirmisekizzade Mehmed Said Pasha becomes the new Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire, the fifth person to serve as the Empire's Vizier in 1755.source
  • 1760George III becomes King of Great Britain and Ireland upon the death of George II.source
  • 1760George III ascends to the throne following the death of his grandfather George II. He will reign until 29 January 1820. He surrenders the income from the Crown Estate to the government in exchange for a civil list contribution to maintaining the Royal Household.source
  • 1760George Cholmondeley, 3rd Earl of Cholmondeley, surrenders the lord lieutenancy of North Wales, to be replaced by a different holder in each individual county of North Wales.source
  • 1760The Prince of Wales succeeds his grandfather, King George II, on the throne of Great Britain, as King George III.source
  • 1769Murder of Alexander Montgomerie at Ardrossan.source
  • 1774The Edenton Tea Party takes place in North Carolina, marking the first major gathering of women in support of the American cause.source
  • 1775On Benedict Arnold's expedition to Quebec from New England, his force begins crossing the height of land between Maine and Canada for the descent to the St. Lawrence River.source
  • 1780John Hancock is sworn in as the first governor of Massachusetts.source
  • 1797University of Leuven suppressed by decree.source
  • 1798The Ottoman–Albanian forces of Ali Pasha of Janina capture Butrint from the French after a week-long siege.source
  • 1806The sloop Margaret, on a voyage from Bristol, Gloucestershire to Greenock, Renfrewshire, is wrecked near Holyhead, Anglesey, with the loss of all on board.source
  • 1809The Golden Jubilee of George III is celebrated in commemoration of the forty-ninth anniversary of the accession of King George III and his entrance into the 50th year of his reign.source
  • 1813October 24–November 5 – Persia and Russia sign the Treaty of Gulistan at the end of the Russo-Persian War, by which Persia loses modern-day Georgia, Dagestan and most of Azerbaijan to Russia.source
  • 1820November 20 – The Congress of Troppau is convened between the rulers of Russia, Austria and Prussia.source
  • 1825The Erie Canal opens, granting passage from Albany, New York to Lake Erie.source
  • 1829Eastern State Penitentiary opens in Philadelphia as Cherry Hill State Prison, a pioneering example of the separate system in the history of United States prison systems.source
  • 1836Construction begins on the Wilmington and Raleigh Railroad in North Carolina. Due to a lack of support in Raleigh, the route is revised to run from Wilmington to the Petersburg Railroad in Weldon.source
  • 1852The Toronto Stock Exchange opens.source
  • 1853Neue Pinakothek in Munich opened.source
  • 1853In Munich, the art museum Neue Pinakothek opens.source
  • 1854Crimean War: Battle of Balaclava – The allies gain an overall victory, except for the disastrous cavalry Charge of the Light Brigade, from which only 200 of 700 men survive.source
  • 1857October 24 – 28 enslaved people escape their enslavers in Maryland.source
  • 1861The Toronto Stock Exchange is established in Canada.source
  • 1862In the Granadine Confederation (modern-day Colombia), rebel troops of the southern states defeat government forces.source
  • 1864establishment of General Las Heras Partidosource
  • 1865Florida drafts its constitution in Tallahassee.source
  • 1868The Uspenski Cathedral, designed by Aleksey Gornostayev, is inaugurated in Helsinki, Finland.source
  • 1875The first performance of the Piano Concerto No. 1 by Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky is given in Boston, Massachusetts, with Hans von Bülow as soloist.source
  • 1876October 24–25 - Shinpūren Rebellionsource
  • 1885Brahms's Symphony No. 4 is premiered in Meiningen, Germany, with the composer himself conducting.source
  • 1888The captain of the HMQS Gayundah, Henry Townley Wright, refuses to relinquish his command after being ordered to do so by the Queensland government. The Colonial Secretary orders Wright be dismissed from the Queensland Maritime Defence Force, and has him removed from the ship by Queensland Police.source
  • 1888Theodor Kjerulf, geologist and poet (born 1825)source
  • 1888St Cuthbert's Society at the University of Durham in England is founded, after a general meeting chaired by the Reverend Hastings Rashdall.source
  • 189825 October _ WilheIm II voyages to the Levant.source
  • 1898The Academia Militar, precursor to the Philippine Military Academy, is founded at Malolos by decree of Philippine Republic President Emilio Aguinaldo.source
  • 1900The United Kingdom annexes the Transvaal.source
  • 1910Lorentz Henrik Müller Segelcke, politician and Minister (born 1829).source
  • 1914The Italian rider Lauro Bordin wins the 10th Giro di Lombardia bicycle race.source
  • 1915Lyda Conley, the first American Indian woman to appear before the Supreme Court of the United States as a lawyer, is admitted to practice there.source
  • 1918The steamer Princess Sophia sinks on Vanderbilt Reef near Juneau, Alaska; 353 people die, in the greatest maritime disaster in the Pacific Northwest.source
  • 1918The SS Princess Sophia sinks on Vanderbilt Reef near Juneau, Alaska; 353 people die in the greatest maritime disaster in the Pacific Northwest.source
  • 1922The 3rd Dáil enacts the Constitution of the Irish Free State.source
  • 1923Sir Walter Lee is defeated in a no-confidence motion, and Joseph Lyons becomes Premier of Tasmania.source
  • 1923Frederick Banting and Charles Best win the Nobel Prize for Medicine for the discovery of insulinsource
  • 1924The British press publishes the Zinoviev letter, released the previous day by the Foreign Office. This purports to be a directive from Grigory Zinoviev, head of the Communist International in Moscow, to the Communist Party of Great Britain.source
  • 1924Authorities of the British Raj in India arrest Subhas Chandra Bose and jail him for the next 21/2 years.source
  • 1925October 19–29 – Incident at Petrich: A brief conflict occurs between Bulgaria and Greece after a Greek soldier accidentally crosses into the Bulgarian side and is shot by border guards.source
  • 1928a passenger express runs into the rear of a derailed freight train near Dinwoodie railway station with 4 deaths.source
  • 1928The International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement (ICRM) is formally established, with the adoption of the "Statutes of the International Red Cross"source
  • 1929First international air mail (Between İstanbul and Berlin)source
  • 1929October 24–29 – Wall Street Crash of 1929: Three multi-digit percentage drops wipe out more than $30 billion from the New York Stock Exchange (10 times greater than the annual budget of the federal government).source
  • 1929Former U.S. Interior Secretary Albert B. Fall is convicted of bribery for his role in the Teapot Dome scandal, becoming the first Presidential cabinet member to go to prison for actions in office.source
  • 1932George Lansbury becomes the leader of the opposition British Labour Party.source
  • 1934October 20–November 3 – Charles Kingsford Smith makes the first eastward crossing of the Pacific Ocean, from his native Brisbane, Australia, to San Francisco, in the Lockheed Altair Lady Southern Cross. The November 3 Hawaii–San Francisco leg is the first eastward flight from Hawaii to North America.source
  • 1934Simon Groot, agronomist (died 2025)source
  • 1936The Italo-German protocol of 23 October 1936 is signed, resulting in the creation of the Axis.source
  • 1936Arnfinn Nesset, nurse and serial killersource
  • 1937Celâl Bayar forms the new (ninth) government of Turkey.source
  • 1944October 23–26 – WWII: Naval Battle of Leyte Gulf in the Philippines – In the largest naval battle in history by most criteria and the last naval battle in history between battleships, combined United States and Australian naval forces decisively defeat the Imperial Japanese Navy.source
  • 194476-year-old American amateur soprano Florence Foster Jenkins gives a sell-out public recital in Carnegie Hall, New York. The audience and press are scathing: "she can sing everything except notes". 5 days later she suffers a fatal heart attack, dying at home on November 26.source
  • 1944WWII: USS Tang is sunk in the Formosa Strait by one of her own torpedoes. Medal of Honor-winning submarine ace Richard O'Kane becomes a prisoner of war.source
  • 1945Republic of China took Taiwan from Japan.source
  • 1947Soviet Union asked to annex Kars and Ardahan in the United Nations assemblysource
  • 1951The International Federation of Association Football (FIFA) disaffiliates Colombia.source
  • 1953The Cristo Rey is inaugurated in Cali.source
  • 1954Landslides caused by heavy rains hit Salerno, Italy, killing about 300.source
  • 1956The Constitution of Luxembourg is amended in two places to allow for the delegation of constitutional powers to international organisations, in preparation for the creation of the European Economic Community.source
  • 1958Northern Ireland-built Short SC.1 experimental VTOL aircraft makes its first free vertical flight.source
  • 1961The first edition of Private Eye, the British satirical magazine, is published.source
  • 1962October 14–28 — The Cuban Missile Crisis occurs between the United States and Soviet Union over the deployment of Soviet ballistic missiles to Cuba.source
  • 1967The Abortion Act 1967 passes in the British Parliament and receives royal assent two days later.source
  • 1968Rock band Led Zeppelin make their first live performance, at Surrey University in Englandsource
  • 19691969 Australian federal election: John Gorton's Liberal/Country Coalition government is narrowly re-elected with a sharply reduced majority, defeating a resurgent Labor Party led by Gough Whitlam. Prime Minister Gorton survived a leadership challenge by his deputy William McMahon as well as David Fairbairn in the immediate aftermath of the election.source
  • 1970Census (population 35,666,549)source
  • 1970The wreck of the Confederate submarine Hunley is found off Charleston, South Carolina, by 22-year-old pioneer underwater archaeologist, Dr. E. Lee Spence. Hunley is the first submarine in history to sink a ship in warfare.source
  • 1971The United Nations General Assembly admits the People's Republic of China and expels the Republic of China (or Taiwan).source
  • 1972Belgian Eddy Merckx sets a new world hour record in cycling in Mexico City.source
  • 1973The Yom Kippur War ends.source
  • 1976Osmussaar earthquake.source
  • 1980Proceedings on the Hague Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction conclude at The Hague.source
  • 1983Invasion of Grenada by United States troops at the behest of Eugenia Charles of Dominica, a member of the Organization of American States.source
  • 1983Word processor software Multi-Tool Word, soon to become Microsoft Word, is released in the United States. It is primarily the work of programmers Richard Brodie and Charles Simonyi. Free demonstration copies on disk are distributed with the November issue of PC World magazine.source
  • 1984The European Economic Community makes £1.8 million available to help combat the famine in Ethiopia.source
  • 1985The airline Emirates is established in Dubai and makes its first flight, to Karachi, Pakistan.source
  • 1986A routine slow roller slips through Bill Buckner's legs, allowing the New York Mets to complete a stunning comeback in Game 6 of the 1986 World Series against the Boston Red Sox. The Mets won 6–5 in 10 innings.source
  • 1987The Minnesota Twins won 4 games to 3 in the 1987 World Series against the St. Louis Cardinals.source
  • 1988A major fire took place at the Singapore Refining Company (SRC) refinery in Pulau Merlimau.source
  • 1992Lithuania holds a referendum on its first constitution after declaring independence from the Soviet Union in 1990.source
  • 19931993 Canadian federal election: Jean Chrétien and his Liberal Party defeat the governing Progressive Conservative Party, which falls to a historic low of two seats.source
  • 1997Bus accident in Konya Province 49 deathssource
  • 1999The first heart transplant in Romania is performed at the Floreasca Emergency Hospital by a team of doctors led by Prof. Dr. Șerban Brădișteanu.source
  • 1999Telenovela Yo soy Betty, la fea debuts on RCN Televisión in Colombia. It will give rise to Ugly Betty and at least a dozen other versions worldwide.source
  • 2001To avoid connotations with the Rwandan genocide, the government of Rwanda adopts a new national flag for the country.source
  • 2001Microsoft releases the Windows XP operating system to retail.source
  • 2002October 23–26 – Chechen rebels take control of the Nord-Ost theatre in Moscow and hold the audience hostage. At least 170 people are killed following a Russian attempt to subdue the militants.source
  • 2009Two suicide attacks in Baghdad, Iraq, kill 155 people and injure at least 721 people.source
  • 2009The Abu Dhabi Grand Prix took place for the first time at the Yas Marina Circuit.source
  • 2010An earthquake and consequent tsunami off the coast of Sumatra, Indonesia, kills over 400 people and leaves hundreds missing.source
  • 2012North Kalimantan is established as the 34th province of Indonesia.source
  • 2012October 22 – November 2 – Hurricane Sandy, the largest Atlantic hurricane on record (as measured by diameter, with tropical-storm-force winds spanning 900 miles (1,400 km)), wreaks havoc, resulting in 233 total deaths and $68.7 billion (2012 USD) damage.source
  • 2012Hurricane Sandy affects Jamaica.source
  • 2015The 2015 Polish parliamentary election is held for the Sejm of the Republic of Poland, with the election being won by the largest opposition party, the right-wing Law and Justice (PiS).source
  • 2015A general election is to be held.source
  • 2017At the 19th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party, Xi Jinping assumes his second term as General Secretary (China's paramount leader), and the political theory Xi Jinping Thought is written into the party's constitution.source
  • 201825 October to 5 November – The 2018 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships were held in Doha.source
  • 2019Tourists visit the summit of Uluru (also known as Ayers Rock) for the last time, as a ban on climbing the famous rock in Australia's Northern Territory comes into effect.source
  • 2021The Sudanese military launches a coup against the government. Prime Minister Abdalla Hamdok is placed under house arrest. President Abdel Fattah al-Burhan declares a state of emergency and announces the dissolution of the government.source
  • 2022Rishi Sunak becomes Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, following the resignation of Liz Truss the previous week resulting in a 50-day tenure, making him the first person of colour to become the prime minister.source
  • 202340-year-old Robert Card shoots and kills 18 people at two locations in Lewiston, Maine, making it one of the deadliest spree shootings in U.S. history.source
  • 2023Hurricane Otis, an eastern Pacific tropical cyclone, makes landfall in Mexico near Acapulco, leaving at least 80 dead. It is the most powerful Eastern Pacific hurricane to make landfall in Mexico, with the highest winds reaching 165 mph, surpassing Hurricane Patricia's landfall in 2015.source

Births

  • 840Ya'qub ibn al-Layth al-Saffar, founder of the Saffarid dynasty (died 879)source
  • 1102William Clito, count of Flanders (died 1128)source
  • 1330Louis II of Flanders (died 1384)source
  • 1445Fulk Bourchier, 10th Baron FitzWarin, English baron (died 1479)source
  • 1453Giuliano de' Medici, Italian noblemansource
  • 1510Renée of France, French princess (died 1574)source
  • 1612James Graham, 1st Marquess of Montrose, Scottish soldier (died 1650)source
  • 1692Elisabeth Farnese, queen of Philip V of Spain (died 1766)source
  • 1714James Burnett, Lord Monboddo, Scottish judge, scholar of language evolution and philosopher (died 1799)source
  • 1714James Burnett, Lord Monboddo, philosopher and evolutionary thinker (died 1799)source
  • 1759Sophie Marie Dorothea of Württemberg, empress of Paul I of Russia (died 1828)source
  • 1759William Grenville, 1st Baron Grenville, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (died 1834)source
  • 1767Benjamin Constant, Swiss writer (died 1830)source
  • 1779Pedro Velarde y Santillán (died 1808)source
  • 1806Max Stirner, German philosopher (died 1856)source
  • 1806Max Stirner, German philosopher (died 1856)source
  • 1811Évariste Galois, French mathematician (died 1832)source
  • 1825Francis March, American comparative linguist (died 1911)source
  • 1825Johann Strauss, Junior, Austrian composer (died 1899)source
  • 1838Georges Bizet, French composer (died 1875)source
  • 1858Take Ionescu, 29th prime minister of Romania (died 1922)source
  • 1869John Heisman, American football coach (died 1936)source
  • 1879Fritz Haarmann, German serial killer (died 1925)source
  • 1881Pablo Picasso, Spanish painter (died 1973)source
  • 1881Pablo Picasso, painter (died 1973 in France)source
  • 1894Âşık Veysel, Turkish poet, songwriter and saz player (died 1973)source
  • 1921King Michael I of Romania (died 2017)source
  • 1940Bob Knight, American basketball player and coach (died 2023)source

Deaths

  • 304Pope Marcellinus dies at Rome after an 8-year reign. The papal throne will remain vacant until 308.source
  • 625Pope Boniface V dies at Rome after a 6-year reign. He is succeeded by Honorius I as the 70th pope.source
  • 686Prince Ōtsu, son of Tenmu, is falsely accused of treason by Jito and forced to commit suicide, along with his wife Yamanobe.source
  • 686Ōtsu, Japanese prince (born 663)source
  • 686Yamanobe, Japanese princesssource
  • 912Rudolph I, king of Burgundy (born 859)source
  • 1047Magnus the Good, king of Norwaysource
  • 1053Enguerrand II, count of Ponthieusource
  • 1074Shōshi, empress of Japan (born 988)source
  • 1154Stephen, king of England (born 1096)source
  • 1180John of Salisbury, English philosopher and bishopsource
  • 1200Conrad of Wittelsbach, German archbishopsource
  • 1212John Comyn, English archbishop (born 1150)source
  • 1230Gilbert de Clare, 5th Earl of Gloucester, English nobleman (born 1180)source
  • 1292Robert Burnell, English bishop and chancellor (born 1239)source
  • 1349James III of Majorca (born 1315)source
  • 1359Beatrice of Castile, queen consort of Portugal (born 1293)source
  • 1400Geoffrey Chaucer, English poet (born c. 1343)source
  • 1415John I, Duke of Alençon (born 1385) — killed in Battle of Agincourtsource
  • 1415Edward, 2nd Duke of York (born 1373) — killed in Battle of Agincourtsource
  • 1415Charles I d'Albret, Count of Dreux and Constable of France — killed in Battle of Agincourtsource
  • 1415Dafydd Gam, Welsh nobleman (born c. 1380) — killed in Battle of Agincourtsource
  • 1415Anthony of Brabant (born 1384) — killed in Battle of Agincourtsource
  • 1492Thaddeus McCarthy, Irish bishop (born c. 1455)source
  • 1492Thaddeus McCarthy, Bishop of Ross, then Bishop of Cork and Cloyne (born c. 1455)source
  • 1495King John II of Portugal (born 1455)source
  • 1514William Elphinstone, Scottish bishop and statesman (born 1431)source
  • 1593Gómez Pérez Dasmariñas, Spanish colonial administrator (murdered) (born 1519)source
  • 1647Evangelista Torricelli, Italian mathematician and physicist (born 1608)source
  • 1651Saint Job of Pochayiv, Ukrainian Orthodox Christian saint (born 1551)source
  • 1683William Scroggs, lord chief justice of England (born c. 1623)source
  • 1684Dud Dudley, English ironmaster (born 1600?)source
  • 1733Giovanni Girolamo Saccheri, Italian mathematician (born 1667)source
  • 1758October 25/8 – Theophilus Cibber, English actor (born 1703)source
  • 1760King George II of Great Britain (born 1683)source
  • 1760King George II of Great Britain (born 1683, Hanover)source
  • 1806Henry Knox, Secretary of War under George Washington (born 1750)source
  • 1826Philippe Pinel, French physician (born 1745)source
  • 1833Crown Prince Abbas Mirza died in Mashhad, Iran.source
  • 1921Bat Masterson, American gunfighter (born 1853)source
  • 1924Ziya Gökalp (born in 1876), sociologist, writersource
  • 1927The Italian ocean liner Principessa Mafalda capsizes off Porto Seguro, Brazil; at least 314 people are killed.source
  • 1956Risto Ryti, 23rd prime minister of Finland and 5th president of Finland (born 1889)source
  • 1969Ellinor Aiki, painter (born 1893)source
  • 2008Muslim Magomayev, Azerbaijani singer (born 1942)source