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October 30 in history

183 sourced entries recorded on October 30, from 130 CE to 2022 CE. Every line is quoted from the revision it came from.

Events

  • 1137Battle of Rignano: Sergius VII, duke (magister militum) of Naples, is defeated by the Sicilian forces under King Roger II of Sicily. Sergius is killed and Roger establishes direct control over Naples – nominating his 17-year-old son Alfonso of Capua as the new duke.source
  • 1189An Egyptian fleet (some 50 ships) breaks through the crusader blockade at Acre and reinforces the port-city with some 10,000 men, as well as food and weapons.source
  • 1270The siege of Tunis and the Eighth Crusade end, through an agreement between Charles I of Sicily (Louis IX's brother) and Muhammad I al-Mustansir, Khalif of Tunis.source
  • 1300At Dumfries, a truce is concluded between England and Scotland after being mediated by France and both sides agree to a cease hostilities until Whitsunday (May 21) of 1301. King Edward then returns to England.source
  • 1316A papal court in Avignon, with Cardinal Berengar Fredol the Elder presiding, rules that Juan Fernández was properly elected Bishop of León (now in Spain), dismissing a challenge by Juan García. Fernández had been elected a year before, but his confirmation by the Pope was delayed because of the challenge. Before Fernández can travel to Avignon, however, he passes away on December 17.source
  • 1340Battle of Río Salado in Spain: The kings of Castile and Portugal defeat the Nasrid ruler of Granada and his Moroccan allies.source
  • 1400(11 Rabi' I 803 AH) Tamerlane begins the destruction of the Syrian city of Aleppo overwhelming the Mamluk Sultanate defenders.source
  • 1418The Byzantine Empire and the Republic of Venice sign a treaty of commerce.source
  • 1431The Treaty of Medina del Campo is signed, consolidating peace between Portugal and Castille.source
  • 1439The Council of Basel begins a conclave to elect its own successor to Pope Eugene IV, whom it had deposed on June 25.source
  • 1457Pasquale Malipiero is elected as the new Doge of Venice.source
  • 1468Troops of Charles the Bold conduct the Sack of Liège.source
  • 1485The coronation of King Henry VII as King of England is held.source
  • 1501The Banquet of Chestnuts is purportedly held by Cesare Borgia, in the Papal Palace of Rome (this account is not historical fact, and could be attributed to enemies of Alexander VI).source
  • 1503Queen Isabella I of Spain issues an edict prohibiting violence against indigenous peoples in the New World.source
  • 1564The Duchy of Savoy signs the Treaty of Lausanne with the Swiss canton of Bern and relinquishes all claims to the canton of Vaud.source
  • 1594City of Antwerp tightens prohibition on children's street-fightingsource
  • 1595The surviving members of Spain's Mendaña expedition to Santa Cruz, including Mendaña's widow Isabel Barreto, decide to abandon the Santa Cruz colony in the South Pacific.source
  • 1611At the age of 16, Gustav II Adolf succeeds his father Charles IX as King of Sweden.source
  • 1642King Charles I of England enters Oxford and establishes his court there.source
  • 1650The Commonwealth of England government passes a law prohibiting trade between English merchants and English colonies that had sided with Charles II over Oliver Cromwell. Specifically labeled as rebel colonies for purposes of the ban are the North American colonies of Virginia and the Somers Isles (alias Bermuda), as well as the Caribbean islands of Barbados and Antigua.source
  • 1650the Religious Society of Friends acquires the nickname "Quakers" when the judge at George Fox's blasphemy trial says that they "tremble at the word of the Lord".source
  • 1671The Republic of Venice and the Ottoman Empire sign a treaty delineating the borders between their territories in modern-day Greece, with Venice acknowledging the loss of the island of Crete in the Cretan War.source
  • 1692The King of Spain donates the lands that become the municipalities of San Francisco and Mapulaca in Honduras.source
  • 1697The Nine Years' War, between France and the Grand Alliance comes to an end with the signing of the last pacts of the Peace of Ryswick in the Dutch city of Rijswijk as Leopold I of Austria accedes two days before a deadline that had been set by the other members of the Grand Alliance. The areas of the Duchy of Lorraine (Lotharingen), Freiburg im Breisgau, and Vieux-Brisach (Breisach) are returned by France to Leopold's control.source
  • 1703More than 47 Huguenots in the village of Branoux-les-Taillades are massacred by Roman Catholic vigilantes in reprisal for the October 11 attack on nearby Sainte-Cécile, slightly more than two miles away.source
  • 1705John Vanbrugh's play The Confederacy (adapted from the French) is first performed at his new London playhouse, The Queen's Theatre.source
  • 1717The Spanish conquest of Sardinia, at this time part of the Holy Roman Empire, is finished two months after Spanish forces had landed on the island on August 22, as the last Sardinian outpost, Castelsardo, surrenders.source
  • 1718Charles XII attacks Norway.source
  • 1759Near East earthquakes of 1759: The first event in an earthquake doublet occurs to the north of the Sea of Galilee, with a surface wave magnitude of 6.6 and a maximum Mercalli intensity of VIII–IX (Severe–Violent). About 2,000 are killed in Safed.source
  • 1761Colonel Henry Bouquet issues the first proclamation against Anglo-American settlement on Indian lands in America.source
  • 1806Capitulation of Stettin: Believing themselves massively outnumbered, the 5,300-man garrison at Stettin in Prussia surrenders to a much smaller French force without a fight.source
  • 1807El Escorial Conspiracy: Ferdinand, Prince of Asturias is arrested for conspiring against his father Charles IV of Spain.source
  • 1808William Lort Mansel is consecrated Bishop of Bristol.source
  • 1813October 24–November 5 – Persia and Russia sign the Treaty of Gulistan at the end of the Russo-Persian War, by which Persia loses modern-day Georgia, Dagestan and most of Azerbaijan to Russia.source
  • 1817The independent government of Venezuela is established by Simón Bolívar.source
  • 1831In Southampton County, Virginia, escaped slave Nat Turner is captured and arrested for leading the bloodiest slave rebellion in United States history.source
  • 1833Edinburgh Town Council first allows newspaper reporters to attend its meetings.source
  • 1836Louis Napoleon launches the unsuccessful Strasbourg Coup to overthrow the July Monarchy in Francesource
  • 1837The Tsarskoye Selo Railway, the first in the Russian Empire, opens between Saint Petersburg Tsarskoselsky station and Tsarskoye Selo (modern-day Pushkin), engineered by Franz Anton von Gerstner.source
  • 1841A fire at the Tower of London destroys its Grand Armoury and causes a quarter of a million pounds' worth of damage.source
  • 1841A fire at the Tower of London destroys its Grand Armoury and causes a quarter of a million pounds worth of damage.source
  • 1843Fuerte Bulnes, the first Chilean settlement in the strait of Magellan, is founded.source
  • 1848Battle of Schwechat: Hungarian forces which crossed the Austrian border, in order to unite with the Viennese revolutionaries, are defeated by the imperial army, led by Alfred I, Prince of Windisch-Grätz and Josip Jelačić.source
  • 1853Taiping Rebellion: The Taiping Northern Expeditionary Force comes within 3 mi of Tianjin.source
  • 1855October 28–31 – 1855 Fiji expedition: The U.S. Navy dispatches the USS John Adams to Viti Levu, Fiji, to protect American interests. One American sailor is killed and two Marines are wounded.source
  • 1857Pierre de Decker's ministry resigns.source
  • 1864Treaty of Vienna, End of Second Schleswig Warsource
  • 1864The Second Schleswig War is concluded. Denmark renounces all claim to Schleswig, Holstein, and Lauenburg, which come under Prussian and Austrian administration.source
  • 1864Helena, Montana, is founded, after four prospectors (the so-called Four Georgians) discover gold at Last Chance Gulch; it is their last and agreed final attempt for weeks, of trying to find gold in the northern Rockies.source
  • 1864Helena, Montana is founded after four prospectors (the so-called Four Georgians) discover gold at Last Chance Gulch; it is their last and agreed final attempt at weeks of trying to find gold in the northern Rockies.source
  • 1864An annular solar eclipse occurs, the 42nd solar eclipse of Solar Saros 131.source
  • 1875The Theosophical Society is founded in New York by Helena Blavatsky, Henry Steel Olcott, William Quan Judge, and others.source
  • 1876October 28-November 5 - Hagi Rebellionsource
  • 1883Two Clan na Gael dynamite bombs explode in the London Underground, injuring several people. The next day, British Home Secretary Vernon Harcourt drafts 300 policemen to guard the underground, and introduces the Explosives Bill.source
  • 1883two Clan na Gael dynamite bombs explode in the London Underground, injuring several people. Next day the British Home Secretary, William Vernon Harcourt, introduces the Explosives Bill.source
  • 1883two Clan na Gael dynamite bombs explode in the London Underground, injuring several people. Next day Home Secretary William Vernon Harcourt drafts 300 policemen to guard the Underground and introduces the Explosives Bill.source
  • 1884Hosay massacre in Trinidad: British colonial authorities fire on Indian indentured labourers marking a religious festival, killing at least 9.source
  • 1888The Rudd Concession, a written concession for exclusive mining rights in Matabeleland, Mashonaland and adjoining territories, is granted by King Lobengula of Matabeleland to Charles Rudd, James Rochfort Maguire and Francis Thompson, who are acting on behalf of South African-based politician and businessman Cecil Rhodes, providing a basis for white settlement of Rhodesia.source
  • 1888Cecil Rhodes and the British South Africa Company obtains Matabeleland from Lobengula in the Rudd Concession, named after Charles Rudd.source
  • 1892The Historical American Exposition opens in Madrid.source
  • 1893The 1893 World's Fair, also known as the World's Columbian Exposition, closes.source
  • 1894Domenico Menegatti obtains a patent for a procedure to be applied in producing pandoro industrially.source
  • 1894Luxury steamer SS Wairarapa, carrying 230 passengers from Sydney bound for Auckland, is wrecked on Great Barrier Island with the loss of 135 lives.source
  • 1896The Augusta High School cornerstone is laid in Augusta, Kentucky, marking the end of the Augusta Methodist College.source
  • 1901The 5.5 Mw Salò earthquake shakes northern Italy with a maximum Mercalli intensity of VII–VIII (Very strong–Severe) causing some buildings to collapse.source
  • 1905October 30 (October 17 Old Style) – October Manifesto: Tsar Nicholas II of Russia is forced to announce the granting of his country's first constitution (the Russian Constitution of 1906), conceding a national assembly (State Duma) with limited powers.source
  • 1908Pedro de Alcântara, Prince of Grão-Pará, renounces his claim on the Brazilian throne in order to marry Countess Elisabeth Dobržensky de Dobrženicz.source
  • 1911First Solvay Conference convenes, chaired by Hendrik Lorentz.source
  • 1913The first "special constables" arrive in Wellington.source
  • 1914the SS Rohilla, requisitioned as a military hospital ship, is lost by grounding in a storm on rocks off Whitby with the loss of 85 lives.source
  • 1916Vice-presidential electionsource
  • 1918The Armistice of Mudros ends conflict between the Ottoman Empire and the Allies of World War I, and grants independence to the Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen.source
  • 1918The Martin Declaration is published, including Slovakia in the formation of the Czecho-Slovak state.source
  • 1920The Communist Party of Australia is founded in Sydney.source
  • 1923İsmet İnönü is appointed as the first prime minister of Turkey.source
  • 1927Maintenance of the famous battleship Yavuz began.source
  • 1934October 20–November 3 – Charles Kingsford Smith makes the first eastward crossing of the Pacific Ocean, from his native Brisbane, Australia, to San Francisco, in the Lockheed Altair Lady Southern Cross. The November 3 Hawaii–San Francisco leg is the first eastward flight from Hawaii to North America.source
  • 1938Orson Welles's radio adaptation of The War of the Worlds (with script by Howard Koch) is broadcast, causing panic in various parts of the United States.source
  • 1941WWII: Franklin D. Roosevelt, President of the United States, approves US$1 billion in Lend-Lease aid to the Soviet Union.source
  • 1942British sailors board GS U-559 as it sinks in the Mediterranean and retrieve its Enigma machine and codebooks.source
  • 1943WWII: Signing of Moscow Declarations: the Declaration of the Four Nations on general security, by the United States, United Kingdom, Soviet Union and Republic of China; and the Declarations on Italy, Austria and Atrocities by the first three governments.source
  • 1943World War II: The Moscow Declaration is signed by the United States, the United Kingdom and the Soviet Union during the Moscow Conference.source
  • 1943The Merrie Melodies animated cartoon Falling Hare, one of the only shorts with Bugs Bunny getting out-smarted, is released in the United States.source
  • 1943The Merrie Melodies animated short Falling Hare, one of the few shorts with Bugs getting out-smarted, is released in the United States.source
  • 1944Appalachian Spring, a ballet by Martha Graham with music by Aaron Copland, debuts at the Library of Congress in Washington, D.C., with Graham in the lead role.source
  • 1947The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), the foundation of the World Trade Organization (WTO), is established.source
  • 1948Gozo luzzu disaster: A luzzu fishing boat overloaded with passengers capsizes and sinks in the Gozo Channel off Qala, Gozo, Malta, killing 23 of the 27 people on board.source
  • 1950The Jayuya Uprising is started by Puerto Rican Nationalists against the United States-supported government.source
  • 1953Cold War: U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower formally approves the top secret document of the United States National Security Council NSC 162/2, which states that the United States' arsenal of nuclear weapons must be maintained and expanded to counter the communist threat.source
  • 1957The Alliance (the predecessor of the Barisan Nasional political coalition in Malaysia) was officially registered as a political organization.source
  • 1961Nuclear weapons testing: The Soviet Union detonates a 58-megaton yield hydrogen bomb known as Tsar Bomba, over Novaya Zemlya (it remains the largest ever man-made explosion).source
  • 1963The national football team shocks the Netherlands by winning 2–1 in the second qualifying round for the 1964 European Nations' Cup, progressing 3–2 on aggregate.source
  • 1963The car manufacturing firm Lamborghini is founded in Italy.source
  • 1965Vietnam War: Near Da Nang, United States Marines repel an intense attack by Viet Cong forces, killing 56 guerrillas. A sketch of Marine positions is found on the dead body of a 13-year-old Vietnamese boy who sold drinks to the Marines the day before.source
  • 1965English model Jean Shrimpton wears a controversially short white shift dress to the Victoria Derby at Flemington Racecourse in Melbourne, Australia – a pivotal moment of the introduction of the miniskirt to women's fashion.source
  • 1965English model Jean Shrimpton wears an above-the-knee white shift dress in Orlon to the Victoria Derby at Flemington Racecourse in Melbourne, Australia, causing a global sensation in women's fashion.source
  • 1967The Science Council of Singapore is formed to develop Singapore's capabilities in science and technology.source
  • 1968Ramon Novarro, Mexican actor (born 1899).source
  • 1970In Vietnam, the worst monsoon to hit the area in six years causes large floods, kills 293, leaves 200,000 homeless and virtually halts the Vietnam War.source
  • 1971Rev. Ian Paisley founds the Democratic Unionist Party in Northern Ireland.source
  • 1971Meddle, the critically acclaimed album by progressive rock band Pink Floyd, is released.source
  • 1973The Bosphorus Bridge in Istanbul, Turkey, is completed, connecting the continents of Europe and Asia over the Bosphorus Strait for the first time in history.source
  • 1975Juan Carlos I of Spain becomes acting head of state after General Francisco Franco concedes that he is too ill to govern. His death on November 20 effectively marks the end of the dictatorship established following the Spanish Civil War and the beginning of the Spanish transition to democracy.source
  • 1975Juan Carlos I becomes acting head of state due to the ill health of Francisco Franco.source
  • 1980El Salvador and Honduras sign a peace treaty to put the border dispute fought over in 1969's Football War before the International Court of Justice.source
  • 1981Venera program: Venera 13 is launched to Venus.source
  • 1983Argentine general election: The first democratic elections in Argentina after seven years of military rule are held.source
  • 198330 October 1983 Erzurum earthquake with the moment magnitude of 6.6 results in 1,342 deaths.source
  • 1986The National Park Passport Stamps program begins in the United States.source
  • 1989Apparently as a reaction to the laying of the foundation of Ram temple adjacent to the disputed structure in Ayodhya in India, Hindu shops were looted and set on fire in Chittagong, in spite of a curfew. Hindu men and women were attacked and molested.source
  • 1990A special Premiers' Conference is held in Brisbane. State Premiers agree with the Commonwealth to streamline transport rules under an historic agreement providing for national registration and licensing.source
  • 1990The first transatlantic fiber optic cable TAT-8 fails, causing a slowdown of Internet traffic between the United States and Europe.source
  • 199130 October-1 November – The Madrid Conference of 1991 takes place over 3 days. Some consider the end of the conference to be the last day of the First Intifada while others consider 13 September 1993, the day the Oslo I Accord was signed, as the last day.source
  • 1991October 28–November 4 – The 1991 Perfect Storm strikes the northeastern U.S. coast and Atlantic Canada, causing over US$200 million of damage and resulting in 12 direct fatalities.source
  • 1992October 30 - November 1: Halloween Massacre, also known as the Three Day War.source
  • 1993October 27–31 – The Southland Firestorm, formed of more than fourteen separate fires in Southern California burning simultaneously, burns more than 700 homes and 160,000 acres. Two of these fire are the Laguna Fire which burned more than 16,000 acres (6,500 hectares), destroyed hundreds of homes and caused $528 million in damage in Orange County, California, and the Kinneloa Fire in Los Angeles County, California which caused a fatality.source
  • 1994The 1994 local elections take place.source
  • 1995Tansu Çiller of DYP forms the new government (52nd government) of Turkey.source
  • 1995Quebec independentists narrowly lose a referendum for a mandate to negotiate independence from Canada.source
  • 19991999 Incheon bar fire: A bar catches fire in Incheon, South Korea, killing 56 people.source
  • 2001The Aarhus Convention takes effect, establishing the right to environmental information and environmental justice for European and Central Asian countries.source
  • 2008Floods affected in Northern Vietnam and Central Vietnam and lasted 5 days causing flooding in many provinces and cities.source
  • 2008October 30–November 4 – Floods affected Northern and Central Vietnam.source
  • 2012October 22 – November 2 – Hurricane Sandy, the largest Atlantic hurricane on record (as measured by diameter, with tropical-storm-force winds spanning 900 miles (1,400 km)), wreaks havoc, resulting in 233 total deaths and $68.7 billion (2012 USD) damage.source
  • 2015Colectiv nightclub fire: a fire ignited by a failed fireworks show sets the walls and columns covered in foam of the Colectiv nightclub, located in Romania's capital Bucharest. 27 people die at the scene, including four out the five members of the Romanian metalcore band "Goodbye to Gravity", and 37 would succumb later due to the injuries and intoxication with fumes, but also because of the poor treatment conditions. The event and the poor management of the situation spark a riot in all of Romania, known as the "Colectiv Revolution".source
  • 2018NASA's Kepler space telescope mission ends after the spacecraft runs out of fuel.source
  • 2018KhalifaSat, the first entirely Emirati-made satellite, is launched into orbit.source
  • 2019An earthquake of 6.5. M w rocks the Philippine island of Mindanao two days after an earthquake killed at least five and left around 12,000 people homeless.source
  • 20202020 Aegean Sea earthquake: A magnitude 7.0 earthquake hits Turkey and Greece, killing 119 people and injuring over 1,000.source
  • 20222022 Brazilian general election: Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva defeats incumbent Jair Bolsonaro in a runoff election after neither candidate secured a majority in the first round of voting. Lula da Silva is the first president elected three times, and also the oldest one, at 77.source
  • 2022The collapse of a suspension bridge in Gujarat, India, leaves at least 135 dead.source

Births

  • 1218Chūkyō, emperor of Japan (died 1234)source
  • 1327Andrew, Duke of Calabria (died 1345)source
  • 1447Lucas Watzenrode, Prince-Bishop of Warmia (died 1512)source
  • 1492Anne d'Alençon, French noblewoman (died 1562)source
  • 1513Jacques Amyot, French writer (died 1593)source
  • 1513Jacques Amyot, French bishop and writer (d.1593)source
  • 1526Hubert Goltzius, Dutch Renaissance painter-engraver (died 1583)source
  • 1530Charles de Rambouillet, French bishop and cardinal (d.1587)source
  • 1558Jacques-Nompar de Caumont, duc de La Force, Marshal of France (died 1652)source
  • 1576Enrico Caterino Davila, Italian historian and diplomat (died 1631)source
  • 166330 October 1663 – Johan Bertram Ernst, chief of police in Copenhagen (died 1722)source
  • 1668Sophia Charlotte of Hanover, sister of King George I of Great Britain (died 1705)source
  • 1703James Hill, Scottish surgeon, advocate of curative excision for cancer (died 1776)source
  • 1712Giovanni Pietro Francesco Agius de Soldanis, Maltese linguist, historian and cleric (died 1770)source
  • 1735John Adams, second president of the United States (died 1826)source
  • 1751Richard Brinsley Sheridan, Irish dramatist, politician (died 1816)source
  • 1753Henrik Carstensen, businessman, timber merchant and shipowner (died 1835).source
  • 1799Ignace Bourget, bishop of the Diocese of Montreal (d.1885)source
  • 1873Dave Gallaher, New Zealand rugby union football player (died 1917)source
  • 1873Francisco I. Madero, 33rd president of Mexico (died 1913)source
  • 1885Ezra Pound, American poet (died 1972)source
  • 1960Diego Maradona, Argentine footballer (died 2020)source
  • 1966Zoran Milanović, Croatian politician, President of Croatiasource
  • 1973Edge, Canadian professional wrestlersource

Deaths

  • 130Antinous, lover of Hadrian (born 111)source
  • 526Paul of Edessa, Syriac Orthodox bishop of Edessasource
  • 1226Trần Thủ Độ, head of the Trần dynasty of Vietnam, forces Lý Huệ Tông, the last emperor of the Lý dynasty, to commit suicide.source
  • 1282Ibn Khallikan, Barmakid historian (born 1211)source
  • 1459Gian Francesco Poggio Bracciolini, Italian humanist (born 1380)source
  • 1466Johann Fust, German printer (born c. 1400)source
  • 1495Francis, Count of Vendome (born 1470)source
  • 1516Louis Malet de Graville, Admiral of France, politician, military leader and art patron (born c. 1440).source
  • 1522Jean Mouton, French composer (born c. 1459)source
  • 1611King Charles IX of Sweden (born 1550)source
  • 1611Charles IX of Sweden, monarch (born 1550)source
  • 1632Henri II de Montmorency, is executed for his participation in the rebellion of Gaston, Duke of Orléans, against French king Louis XIII.source
  • 1654Emperor Go-Kōmyō of Japan (born 1633)source
  • 1711Wilhelmus à Brakel, Dutch theologian (born 1635)source
  • 1757Edward Vernon, English naval officer (born 1684)source
  • 1757Osman III dies, and is succeeded as Ottoman Sultan by Mustafa III.source
  • 1809William Cavendish-Bentinck, 3rd Duke of Portland, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (born 1738)source
  • 1824Charles Maturin, Irish writer (born 1773)source
  • 1864Jonas Coe ("Comodoro Juan Coe"), US naval commander and supporter of Juan Manuel de Rosas (born 1805).source
  • 1877Colonel Cândido José dos Santos Brochado is murdered near Freitas by a slave, during a trip to Sabará, in the Province of Minas Gerais.source
  • 1883Dayananda Saraswati, Hindu religious leader (born 1824)source
  • 1910Henry Dunant, humanitarian and businessman, co-founder of the Red Cross (born 1828)source
  • 1915Sir Charles Tupper, 6th prime minister of Canada (born 1821)source
  • 1923Bonar Law, British politician, 39th Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (born 1858)source
  • 1927Arthur Nash, American businessman (born 1870)source
  • 1968Ulchin-Samcheok (Gangwon-do) landings by 120 men of North Korean Army Unit 124; 110 of them were killed, 7 were captured and 3 escaped. 40 South Korean soldiers and police officers and 23 South Korean civilians were killed.source
  • 1988Jericho bus firebombing: Five Israelis are killed and five wounded in a Palestinian attack in the West Bank.source