/year

August 14 in history

217 sourced entries recorded on August 14, from 582 CE to 2025 CE. Every line is quoted from the revision it came from.

Events

  • 1018Bolesław I accepts the surrender of Kiev by the Pechenegs. He reinstates Sviatopolk I as Grand Prince of Kiev.source
  • 1077A fire destroys much of London.source
  • 1119Battle of Hab: The Crusaders under King Baldwin II of Jerusalem (supported by forces of Pons, Count of Tripoli) defeat Ilghazi's army at Ariha in Syria. Baldwin manages to re-capture all of the Crusader castles and returns to Antioch in triumph. He stabilizes the frontiers and prevents Ilghazi from marching on Antioch.source
  • 1136The siege of Bagdhad by the Seljuks ends after Abbasid caliph al-Rashid Billah flees to Mosul. Seljuk sultan Ghiyath ad-Din Mas'ud enters the city the following day.source
  • 1183Taira no Munemori and the Taira clan take the young Emperor Antoku and the three sacred treasures, and flee to western Japan to escape pursuit by the Minamoto clan (traditional Japanese date: Twenty-fifth Day of the Seventh Month of the Second Year of Juei).source
  • 1264Battle of Saseno: The Genoese fleet (16 galleys) manages to trick and capture an entire Venetian trade convoy near Saseno Island off the coast of Albania. The captured merchandise and ships are valued at more than 100,000 Genoese pounds, an enormous sum for the period, of which 30,000 goes into the Genoese treasury through the sale of the plunder.source
  • 1291Mamluk forces conquer the last Crusader outpost in Syria, the Templar fortress of Atlit south of Acre. All that now is left to the Knights Templar is the island fortress of Ruad. Al-Ashraf Khalil returns to Cairo in triumph as the "victor in the long struggle against the Crusader states".source
  • 1314Scottish raiders led by Edward Bruce plunder the north-eastern counties of England in the Pennines; they are attacked at Stainmore by the English under Andrew Harclay.source
  • 1319At the age of 11, Henry the Child becomes the Margrave of Brandenburg in Germany upon the death of his first cousin and guardian, Waldemar the Great. Because of Henry's age, the Duke of Pomerania, Wartislaw IV controls as Brandenburg as regent. Upon Henry II's death 11 months later, the House of Ascania's dynasty over Brandenburg will come to an end.source
  • 1321King Edward II of England agrees to the demands from his barons to send Hugh Despenser the Elder and his son Hugh Despenser the Younger into exile. The Despensers helped Edward in the administration of his financial and land management affairs. This gives them both the opportunity to frustrate the ambitions of the barons and also the chance to enrich themselves.source
  • 1385Battle of Aljubarrota: John of Aviz defeats John I of Castile in the decisive battle of the 1383–85 Crisis in Portugal. John of Aviz is crowned King John I of Portugal, ending Queen Beatrice's rule, and Portugal's independence from the Kingdom of Castile is secured.source
  • 1385The Union of Krewo establishes the Jagiellonian dynasty in Poland and Lithuania, through the proposed marriage of Queen regnant Jadwiga of Poland and Grand Duke Jogaila of Lithuania, and sees the acceptance of Roman Catholicism by the Lithuanian elite, and an end to the Greater Poland Civil War.source
  • 1400King Henry IV leads the English Army into Scotland, after receiving no answer from Scotland's King Robert III to his August 6 demand. The troops reach Haddington, East Lothian the next day and at Leith, on the outskirts of Edinburgh, by August 18. As historian James Hamilton Wylie will note almost 500 years later, "the walls of Edinburgh did not fall before this ram's-horn blast, and August 23rd came and went without the required homage or recognition."source
  • 1406Chen Yanxiang and his crew of 121 people, sailing to Korea for trading, come under attack by 15 ships of Japanese pirates (Wokou) off of the coast of Gunsan. After a two day battle, 80 of the crew are dead and the ship is looted, but remains with Chen. The 40 survivors are able to reach the Korean shore.source
  • 1412The Peace of Auxerre is signed between the Duchy of Burgundy and the Armagnacs, betrothing Philip, Count of Vertus, younger brother of the late Louis I, Duke of Orléans to marry Catherine of Burgundy, the daughter of John the Fearless. The marriage never takes place.source
  • 1431Hussites under Prokop the Great and Sigismund Korybut defeat the forces of Frederick of Brandenburg at the Battle of Domažlice.source
  • 1433Edward I becomes King of Portugal.source
  • 1443The Siege of Dieppe, an attempt by England's Earl of Shrewsbury to capture the French port at Normandy and France's access to the English Channel, fails after nine months.source
  • 1447As competition begins over who will inherit the right to rule the Duchy of Milan, members of the University of Pavia proclaim the Golden Ambrosian Republic (Aurea Repubblica Ambrosiana), ruled by a 12-member council, the Capitani della Libertà (Captains of Liberty), led by professor Giorgio Lampugnano.source
  • 1448At the Battle of Oranik, Albanian forces led by Skanderbeg defeat the armies of the Republic of Venice and the Ottoman Empire.source
  • 1451A three-year truce is signed between Scotland and England at the Church of St Nicholas at Newcastle-upon-Tyne.source
  • 1457The Mainz Psalter, the second major book printed with movable type in the West, the first to be wholly finished mechanically (including colour), and the first to carry a printed date, is printed for the Elector of Mainz.source
  • 1463Upon the death of his father, Mani' ibn Rabi'a al-Muraydi, Rabi'a ibn Mani' al-Muraydi becomes the new ruler of the Emirate of Diriyah at its capital, Diriyah, near Riyadh in what is now Saudi Arabia.Munir al-Ajlani, History of Saudi Arabia, Part One: The First Saudi State (in Arabic) (2nd ed.).(Riyadh, 1933) pp. 53–54. Mani's descendants in the House of Saud, most notably Mani's great-great-great-great-great-great-grandson Ibn Saud, become the founders of Saudi Arabia.source
  • 1468The Lancastrians surrender Harlech Castle to King Edward IV after a seven-year siege.source
  • 1480Two days after Ottoman troops had broken a siege and taken control of the village of Otranto in southern Italy, led by Gedik Ahmed Pasha, carry out the massacre of 813 inhabitants who had refused to convert from Christianity to Islam.source
  • 1502Christopher Columbus and his crew land at Puerto Castilla in what is now the mainland of the nation of Honduras, becoming the first Europeans to visit.source
  • 1511In Rome, the completed first half of Michelangelo's painting of Biblical scenes on the Sistine Chapel ceiling is unveiled for a select group of patrons and church officials. The viewing is open to the public the next day.source
  • 1546The Scottish Parliament ratifies the Treaty of Ardres.source
  • 1546The Scottish Parliament ratifies the Treaty of Ardres.source
  • 1564Sweden's Army fights a second naval battle at Öland against Denmark and captures three Danish Navy ships (Böse Lejonet, Morian, and David) and 600 men.source
  • 1564Swedish siege of Lyckå in Blekinge.source
  • 1564Action of 14 August 1564source
  • 1585Queen Elizabeth I of England agrees to establish a protectorate over the Netherlands.source
  • 1592Battle of Hansan Island: The Korean navy defeats the Japanese.source
  • 1597First Dutch Expedition to Indonesia: A Dutch expedition commanded by Cornelis de Houtman returns to Amsterdam, after having successfully reached Java. This achievement opens the Spice trade, which had until then been monopolised by the Portuguese, to the Dutch, who in the next years launch several more expeditions to the Indies.source
  • 1598Battle of the Yellow Ford in Ireland: Hugh O'Neill, Earl of Tyrone, gains victory over an English expeditionary force under Henry Bagenal, in the Nine Years' War against English rule.source
  • 1598Nine Years' War: Hugh O'Neill, Earl of Tyrone's victory over an English expeditionary force under Henry Bagenal, at the Battle of the Yellow Ford.source
  • 1605A Spanish attack on the Moorish fortress of Hammamet, in Ottoman Tunisia, ends in a disaster for the Spaniards. Although Spanish troops had managed to scale the walls and open the gates, they are suddenly ordered to retreat and are massacred while waiting on the coast for the return of the ships that brought them.source
  • 1656In one of the first battles of the Russo-Swedish War, Russian troops capture the Swedish-controlled city of Kokenhusen in Swedish Livonia (Latvia). Tsar Alexis, ruler of the Russian Empire and the leader of the Russian troops in battle, renames Kokenhausen "Tsarevich-Dmitriev" in honor of his late first-born son. Russia holds the city for more than 30 years before it is ceded back to Sweden. Kokenhusen is now the Latvian town of Koknese.source
  • 1657The first execution at Nytorv in Copenhagen takes place.source
  • 1658The League of the Rhine (Rheinische Allianz) is formed by 50 German princes whose cities are on the Rhine river.source
  • 1670Quakers William Penn and William Mead preach in Gracechurch Street in the City of London, in defiance of the new Conventicles Act, and are arrested and tried but on 5 September the jury refuses to convict.source
  • 1677William of Orange, the leader of the Dutch Republic, is forced to end the siege of the Spanish Netherlands (modern-day Belgium) city of Charleroi after six days.source
  • 1678August 14–15 – The Battle of Saint-Denis is fought after the signing of peace in the Franco-Dutch War.source
  • 1678The Battle of Saint-Denis, the last major action of the Franco-Dutch Warsource
  • 1695August 13–15 – Nine Years' War: Brussels is bombarded by French troops.source
  • 1711The inauguration of the newly built Cathedral of the Assumption takes place in Gozo, Malta.source
  • 1720The Spanish Villasur expedition, which set out on June 16 from New Mexico, with the intention of checking French influence on the Great Plains of North America, ends in failure, as it is ambushed by a Pawnee and Otoe force.source
  • 1727Elections for the House of Commons begin in Great Britain and continue until October 17.source
  • 1756Seven Years' War: French and Indian War – Fort Oswego falls to the French.source
  • 1765In protest of the Stamp Act, Bostonians attack the home of official Andrew Oliver.source
  • 1789Christian VII issues a decree that Icelandic bishops should be consecrated in Iceland in order to save money.source
  • 1790The Treaty of Värälä ends the Russo-Swedish War.source
  • 1795President Washington signs the Jay Treaty with Britain on behalf of the United States.source
  • 1800Trollhätte Canal, later a part of the Göta Canal, is inaugurated.source
  • 1806The Lewis and Clark Expedition re-visit the Mandan Indians while making its return trip to St. Louis.source
  • 1816August 12–24 – The Treaty of St. Louis, between the United States and the Council of Three Fires tribes, is signed in St. Louis.source
  • 1816The United Kingdom formally annexes the Tristan da Cunha archipelago in the southern Atlantic Ocean, ruling it from the Cape Colony.source
  • 1821Trinity Chain Pier opens at Trinity, Edinburgh.source
  • 1827the foundation stone of the George IV Bridge in Edinburgh is laid as authorised by an Improvement Act of this year.source
  • 1829King's College London is founded by Royal Charter, under the patronage of King George IV and the Prime Minister, The Duke of Wellington.source
  • 1832première of Felix Mendelssohn's concert overture The Hebrides in London.source
  • 1834The Poor Law Amendment Act in the United Kingdom states that no able-bodied British man can receive assistance, unless he enters a workhouse (a kind of poorhouse).source
  • 1834Poor Law Amendment Act states the able-bodied cannot receive assistance unless they enter a workhouse; poor-law authorities should no longer attempt to identify the fathers of illegitimate children to recover support from them.source
  • 1842American Indian Wars: United States general William J. Worth declares the Second Seminole War to be over.source
  • 1844Abdelkader El Djezairi is defeated at the Battle of Isly in Morocco; sultan Abd al-Rahman of Morocco soon repudiates his ally.source
  • 1844Battle of Isly, French victory over Moroccan forces near Oujda, Morocco, ending the First Franco-Moroccan War.source
  • 1845the Falkirk Herald newspaper is first publishedsource
  • 1848American President James K. Polk annexes the Oregon Country, and renames it the Oregon Territory as part of the United States.source
  • 1869Charles Wilhelm Thesen leaves Norway in his 117-ton schooner Albatros, loaded with timber to sell in New Zealand.source
  • 1875The Genootskap van Regte Afrikaners (Association of True Afrikaners) is formed at the home of Gideon Malherbe in Paarl.source
  • 1876Prairie View A&M University, at the time named Alta Vista Agriculture & Mechanical College of Texas for Colored Youth, is founded, the first state-supported HBCU in the state of Texas.source
  • 1880Construction of the Cologne Cathedral is finally completed after over 600 years.source
  • 1889September 15 – London Dock Strike: Dockers strike for a minimum wage of sixpence an hour ("The dockers' tanner"), which they eventually receive, a landmark in the development of New Unionism in Britain.source
  • 1890Opening of Coliseu dos Recreios.source
  • 1892Foundation of the Partito dei Lavoratori Italiani (Italian Workers Party) a forerunner of the Italian Socialist Party (Partito Socialista Italiano, PSI) in Genoa by Filippo Turati, Claudio Treves and Leonida Bissolati.source
  • 1893The world's first driving licenses are introduced in France under the Paris Police Ordinance.source
  • 1896The Uganda Railway Act, 1896, is approved in the United Kingdom, for construction of a railway in Africa from Mombasa to Lake Victoria.source
  • 1900Boxer Rebellion: An international contingent of troops, under British command, invades Peking and frees the European hostages.source
  • 1901The first claimed powered flight is made, by German-born American aviator Gustave Whitehead, in his Number 21, in Connecticut.source
  • 1903first Poor Prisoners' Defence Act provides for limited legal aid in criminal cases with effect from 1904.source
  • 1904Ismael Montes becomes President of Bolivia.source
  • 1908Springfield Race Riot of 1908 in Springfield, Illinois.source
  • 1920August 13–25 – Polish–Soviet War: Battle of Warsaw – The Red Army is defeated.source
  • 1920September 12 – Main events of the 1920 Summer Olympics in Antwerp, Belgium (there have been ceremonies and outlying events since April). The Olympic symbols of five interlocking rings and the associated flag are first displayed at the games.source
  • 1924August 9–17 – the 2nd World Scout Jamboree is held in Ermelunden, Denmark.source
  • 1925The original Hetch Hetchy Moccasin Powerhouse in California is completed and goes on line.source
  • 1933Loggers cause a forest fire in the Coast Range of Oregon, later known as the first forest fire of the Tillamook Burn. It is extinguished on September 5, after destroying 240,000 acres.source
  • 1935United States President Franklin D. Roosevelt signs the Social Security Act into law.source
  • 1935U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt signs the Social Security Act into law.source
  • 19361936 Summer Olympics: The Junior Varsity Rowing Crew from the University of Washington surprises the world listening on radio when they come from behind to win Olympic Gold.source
  • 1942August 3–15 – WWII: Operation Pedestal – A British convoy of 14 merchant ships with a massive escort of two battleships, 4 aircraft carriers, 7 cruisers, 32 destroyers and smaller ships commanded by Admiral Edward Neville Syfret, sets sail to Malta under relentless attacks by day and night from enemy submarines, aircraft and Axis surface forces. The 55,000 tons of food and fuel (particularly from oil tanker SS Ohio) delivered by this convoy saves Malta from surrender and allows Malta-based aircraft and submarines to resume their attacks against Rommel's supply lines, although over 500 British sea- and airmen are killed and many ships (including carrier HMS Eagle (1918)) are lost.source
  • 1943The Quadrant Conference begins in Quebec City; Canadian Prime Minister MacKenzie King meets with Winston Churchill and Franklin D. Roosevelt.source
  • 1943WWII: Rome is declared an open city by the Italian government, with Italy offering to demilitarize the capital, in return for an Allied agreement not to bomb the city further.source
  • 1946September 1 – Datong-Puzhou Campaignsource
  • 1947The Muslim majority regions formed by the Partition of India gain independence from the British Empire as the Dominion of Pakistan. While the transition is officially at midnight on this day, Pakistan celebrates its independence on August 14, compared with India on the 15th, because the Pakistan Standard Time is 30 minutes behind the standard time of India.source
  • 1947Muhammad Ali Jinnah becomes the first governor-general of Pakistan. Liaquat Ali Khan takes office as the first prime minister of Pakistan.source
  • 1947The Dominion of Pakistan is declared an independent member state of the British Commonwealth.source
  • 1948August 10–23 – The Herrenchiemsee convention prepares the draft for the Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany.source
  • 19481948 Ashes series: Australian batsman Don Bradman, playing his last Test cricket match, against England at The Oval, is bowled by Eric Hollies for a duck (leaving his career Test batting average at 99.94); however, "The Invincibles" win the match by an innings and 149 runs, and The Ashes 4–0.source
  • 1948Beaver drop, an Idaho Department of Fish and Game program to relocate beavers from Northwestern Idaho to the Chamberlain Basin in Central Idaho. The program involves parachuting beavers into the Chamberlain Basin.source
  • 1949The Salvatore Giuliano Gang explodes mines under a police barracks, outside Palermo, Sicily.source
  • 1955Güler Sabancı, industrialistsource
  • 1959Explorer 6 sends the first picture of Earth from orbit.source
  • 1960Portuguese Grand Prixsource
  • 1963A huge and devastating forest fire hits the region around Paraná State, Brazil. According to government documents, two million hectares (4.94 million acres) are lost to burning and 110 persons perished.source
  • 1969The Troubles: British troops are deployed in Northern Ireland to restore order following three days of political and sectarian violence, marking the beginning of the 37-year Operation Banner.source
  • 1971The controversial Stanford prison experiment, led by Stanford University psychology professor Philip Zimbardo, began in Palo Alto, Californiasource
  • 1972An East German Ilyushin airliner crashes near East Berlin; all 156 on board perish.source
  • 1974Turkey invades Cyprus for the second time, occupying 37% of the island's territory.source
  • 1974Greece withdraws its forces from NATO's military command structure, as a result of the Turkish invasion of Cyprus.source
  • 1976The Senegalese political party PAI-Rénovation is legally recognized, becoming the third legal party in the country.source
  • 1976Around 10,000 Protestant and Catholic women demonstrate for peace in Northern Ireland.source
  • 1977The 1977 Austrian Grand Prix was held at the Österreichring in Spielberg, Styria, Austrian with Niki Lauda won in second place.source
  • 1979A freak storm during the Fastnet Race results in the deaths of 15 sailors.source
  • 1980A rock fall hit mountaineers in Mount Fuji, Yamanashi Prefecture, according to official results report, 12 fatalities, with 29 injured.source
  • 1983The 1983 Austrian Grand Prix is held at the Österreichring, and is won by Alain Prost in a Renault.source
  • 1985The Accomarca massacre takes place in Ayacucho, Peru.source
  • 1987Pakistan celebrates 40 years of independence.source
  • 1987Angolan Civil War: The Battle of Cuito Cuanavale begins in Angola and further intensifies the South African Border War.source
  • 1987All the children held at Kai Lama, a rural property on Lake Eildon, Australia, run by the Santiniketan Park Association, are released after a police raid.source
  • 1991NTT Docomo was founded.source
  • 1991Kim Hak-sun's first public testimony, shedding light on the abuse of Japanese "military comfort women"source
  • 1994Disappearance of Arlene Arkinson, a 15-year-old Northern Irish teenager from Castlederg, County Tyrone. Her body has never been recovered.source
  • 1995Nepali Prime Minister Man Mohan Adhikari along with seven other high-ranking officials survives a helicopter crash.source
  • 1996A rocket ignited during a fireworks display in Arequipa, Peru knocks down a high-tension power cable into a dense crowd, electrocuting 35 people.source
  • 2000Tsar Nicholas II and his family are canonized by the synod of the Russian Orthodox Church.source
  • 2003An overloaded power grid following the failure of FirstEnergy's alarm system in their control room causes the Northeast blackout of 2003, affecting more than 50 million people in the United States and Canada with nearly 100 related deaths.source
  • 2005Helios Airways Flight 522, en route from Larnaca, Cyprus to Prague, Czech Republic via Athens, crashes in the hills near Grammatiko, Greece, killing 121 passengers and crew.source
  • 2005Helios Airways Flight 522 en route from Larnaca via Athens to Prague crashes near Athens, killing at least 121 who were on board. Observations from Greek fighter aircraft indicate a decompression problem.source
  • 2005Helios Airways Flight 522, a Boeing 737-300 en route from Larnaca to Athens crashed into a mountain near Grammatiko after suffering a loss of cabin pressure, killing all 121 passengers and crew on board.source
  • 20055 senior officials arrested for stealing foreign aid meant to combat hunger in rural areassource
  • 2007Multiple suicide bombings kill 572 people in Qahtaniya, northern Iraq.source
  • 2009The United Kingdom imposes direct rule on the Turks and Caicos Islands after an inquiry that found evidence of government corruption.source
  • 2010August 14–26 – Lithuania achieved 19th place in 2010 Summer Youth Olympics with 5 medal (3 golden and 2 bronze)source
  • 2013Following the military coup in Egypt, two anti-coup camps are raided by the security forces, leaving 2,696 people dead. The raids are described by Human Rights Watch as "one of the world's largest killings of demonstrators in a single day in recent history".source
  • 2013August 10 – 17 – Kazakhstan competed at the 2013 World Championships in Athletics in Moscow, Russia. A team of 17 athletes represented the country in the event.source
  • 2018Part of the Morandi Bridge collapses after a violent storm in Genoa, Italy, causing 43 fatalities. Deputy Prime Minister Luigi Di Maio and transport minister Danilo Toninelli blame private company Autostrade per l'Italia.source
  • 2018August 10–20 – Heavy rainfall causes severe floods in the Indian state of Kerala. It is the worst flood to hit the state in a century.source
  • 2019The Dow Jones plunges more than 500 points, due to concerns over the yield curve inversion.source
  • 2021A 7.2-magnitude earthquake strikes Haiti, killing more than 2,500 people.source
  • 20212021 Haiti earthquake kills 2,248 people.source
  • 2022August 9 – August 18: Guyana at the 2021 Islamic Solidarity Gamessource
  • 2023The Southern African Development Community (SADC) leaders meet in Luanda, Angola, to discuss their military mission in the Cabo Delgado region.source
  • 2024The Constitutional Court of Thailand dismisses the Prime Minister Srettha Thavisin for illegally appointing a minister to his cabinet who had a prison sentence. Paetongtarn Shinawatra succeeds him as Prime Minister of Thailand.source
  • 2024The World Health Organization (WHO) declares mpox a public health emergency of international concern for the second time in two years, following the spread of the virus in African countries.source
  • 2025August 7–17 – The 2025 World Games are held in Chengdu, China.source

Births

  • 928Qian Hongzuo, king of Wuyue (died 947)source
  • 1297Hanazono, Japanese emperor and poet (died 1348)source
  • 1446Andrey Bolshoy, Russian royal (died 1493)source
  • 1473Margaret Pole, 8th Countess of Salisbury (died 1541)source
  • 1479Catherine of York, English princess, aunt of Henry VIII (died 1527)source
  • 1499John de Vere, 14th Earl of Oxford, English noble (died 1526)source
  • 1502Pieter Coecke van Aelst, Flemish painter (died 1550)source
  • 1530Giambattista Benedetti, Italian mathematician and physicist (died 1590)source
  • 1532Archduchess Magdalena of Austria, Member of the House of Habsburg (died 1590)source
  • 1536René, Marquis of Elbeuf (died 1566)source
  • 1552Paolo Sarpi, Italian writer (died 1623)source
  • 1571Anders Bure, founder of Swedish cartography (died 1646)source
  • 1575Robert Hayman, English-born poet (died 1629)source
  • 1586William Hutchinson, founder of Rhode Island (died 1642)source
  • 1642Cosimo III de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany (died 1723)source
  • 1645Carlos de Sigüenza y Góngora, Mexican academic (died 1700)source
  • 1653Christopher Monck, 2nd Duke of Albemarle, English statesman (died 1688)source
  • 1688King Frederick William I of Prussia (died 1740)source
  • 1727Henriette of France, daughter of King Louis XV (died 1752)source
  • 1727Princess Louise-Élisabeth of France, daughter of King Louis XV (died 1759)source
  • 1737Charles Hutton, English mathematician (died 1823)source
  • 1742Pope Pius VII (born Barnaba Niccolò Maria Luigi Chiaramonti), Italian Benedictine (died 1823)source
  • 1777Hans Christian Ørsted, Danish physicist and chemist (died 1851)source
  • 1843Carlos Condell (died 1887)source
  • 1851Doc Holliday, American gambler, gunfighter (died 1887)source
  • 1866Dmitry Merezhkovsky, Russian novelist, poet and religious thinker (died 1941)source
  • 1867John Galsworthy, English writer, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1933)source
  • 1871Guangxu Emperor of China (died 1908)source
  • 1892Kaikhosru Shapurji Sorabji, English composer and pianist (died 1988)source
  • 1896Albert Ball, British World War I fighter ace, Victoria Cross recipient (died 1917)source
  • 1956Rusty Wallace, American NASCAR race car driversource
  • 1959Magic Johnson, African-American basketball playersource

Deaths

  • 582Tiberius II Constantine, Byzantine Emperorsource
  • 582Emperor Tiberius II Constantine, age 47, dies (possibly from deliberately poisoned food) at Constantinople, after a 4-year reign during which Thrace and Greece have been inundated by the Slavs. He is succeeded by his son-in-law Maurice, former notary who has commanded the Byzantine army in the war against the Persian Empire.source
  • 902Badr al-Mu'tadidi, Abbasid commander-in-chiefsource
  • 1040Duncan I, king of Scotlandsource
  • 1040King Duncan is killed in battle against his first cousin and rival Macbeth, who succeeds him as king of Scotland.source
  • 1059Giselbert, count of Luxembourgsource
  • 1167Rainald of Dassel, German archbishop (born 1120)source
  • 1196Henry IV ("the Blind"), count of Luxembourgsource
  • 1204Minamoto no Yoriie, Japanese shōgun (born 1182)source
  • 1240Ludmilla of Bohemia, duchess of Bavariasource
  • 1258John of Wallingford, English abbot, historian and writersource
  • 1297Frederick III, Burgrave of Nuremberg, German nobleman and knight (born 1220)source
  • 1308King Ananta Malla of Nepal dies after a reign of 34 years, leaving the Himalayan Mountains kingdom without a monarch for five years.source
  • 1317Bernard de Castanet, French diplomat and bishop (born 1240)source
  • 1318Giacomo Colonna, Italian priest and cardinal (born 1250)source
  • 1319Waldemar the Great, German nobleman (born 1280)source
  • 1388James Douglas, 2nd Earl of Douglas (killed in battle)source
  • 1390John FitzAlan, 2nd Baron Arundel, English soldier (born 1364)source
  • 1433King John I of Portugal (born 1357)source
  • 1464Pope Pius II (born 1405)source
  • 1465Abd al-Haqq II, last Marinid Sultan of Morocco (b.1419)source
  • 1486Marco Barbarigo, Doge of the Republic of Venice, dies after only nine months in office, and his brother Agostino Barbarigo is elected to replace him.source
  • 1691Richard Talbot, 1st Earl of Tyrconnel, Irish rebel (born 1630)source
  • 1702Louis Thomas, Count of Soissons and Prince of Savoy (born 1657)source
  • 1727William Croft, English composer (born 1678)source
  • 1754Maria Anna of Austriasource
  • 1761Birgitte Christine Kaas, poet and translator of hymns (born 1682).source
  • 1856William Buckland, English geologist, palaeontologist (born 1784)source
  • 1870David Farragut, American admiral (born 1801)source
  • 1874Jonathan Clarkson Gibbs, African-American minister, politician (born 1821)source
  • 1909William Stanley, British inventor, engineer (born 1829)source
  • 1951William Randolph Hearst, American newspaper publisher (born 1863)source
  • 1956Bertolt Brecht, German playwright (born 1898)source
  • 1958KLM Flight 607-E, a Lockheed L-1049 Super Constellation, crashes into the Atlantic with 99 people aboard, all of whom are killed.source
  • 1979N. M. Perera, politician (born 1905).source
  • 1981Thomas Weh Syen and four other members of the People's Redemption Council are executed by firing squad for an attempted coup.source
  • 2006Sri Lankan civil war, Chencholai bombing: 61 female students in Mullaitivu are killed by the Sri Lankan Air Force in an air strike.source
  • 2012Svetozar Gligorić, Serbian chess grandmaster (born 1923)source