/year

July 16 in history

201 sourced entries recorded on July 16, from 784 CE to 2022 CE. Every line is quoted from the revision it came from.

Events

  • 997Battle of Spercheios: Byzantine forces, under General Nikephoros Ouranos, defeat the Bulgarians at the Spercheios River in Greece. During a night battle, the Bulgarian co-ruler Samuel is wounded; he and his son Gavril Radomir evade capture, by feigning death among the bodies of their slain soldiers. Samuel sets off to Bulgaria, and retreats with the remnants of his army, into the Pindus Mountains. Ouranos returns to Constantinople, with 1,000 heads of Bulgarian soldiers and 12,000 captives.source
  • 1048At orders of Henry III, German troops under Boniface III, Margrave of Tuscany ("of Canossa"), enter Rome and expel Pope Benedict IX.source
  • 1054East-West Schism: Humbert of Silva Candida, representative of the newly deceased Leo IX, breaks the relations between Western and Eastern Churches, through the act of placing an invalidly-issued Papal Bull of excommunication during the celebration of the Divine Liturgy.source
  • 1212Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa: The Christian forces of King Alfonso VIII of Castile ("the Noble") decisively defeat the Almohad army (some 30,000 men) led by Caliph Muhammad al-Nasir. The victory gives a further impulse to the Reconquista but this leaves the Kingdom of Castile in a difficult financial position, as numerous soldiers have to be paid by the treasury.source
  • 1224(28th day of 6th month of Gennin 1); Hōjō Yasutoki becomes the new regent (shikken) for the Kamakura shogunate in Japan after the death of his father, Hōjō Yoshitoki.source
  • 1228Saint Francis of Assisi is canonized by Gregory IX.source
  • 1232Muhammad I is elected as ruler of the Taifa of Arjona. He revolts against Ibn Hud, the independent ruler of Al-Andalus, and takes control of the city, beginning the foundation of the Nasrid dynasty.source
  • 1263Rebels occupy London.source
  • 1342Louis I becomes king of Hungary.source
  • 134216 July – 4 September – Deputy justiciar campaigns in Wicklow against the Ó Broin.source
  • 1346July 12–18 – The English raid and burn neighbouring towns and villages in the Cotentin Peninsula.source
  • 1370An agreement is signed between Spain's King Pedro IV of Aragon and King Charles V of France for the marriage of Juan, Duke of Girona, heir to King Pedro, and Princess Jeanne de Valois, the aunt of King Charles. However, before the marriage can take place, Jeanne dies in 1371 while traveling to meet Prince Juan.source
  • 1377Richard II, the 10-year-old grandson of Edward III, is crowned king of England at Westminster Abbey. A minority government is established, and a series of continual councils rule on his behalf until 1381.source
  • 1381King Richard II of England summons the members of the English Parliament to assemble at Westminster on November 3.source
  • 1385King Richard II directs suppliers in Durham, Yorkshire, Northumberland, Cumberland and Westmorland to be prepared to supply food to the English Army, to be purchased "at a reasonable price for ready payment."source
  • 1393Clemente Promontorio takes over from Pietro Fregoso as the Lifetime Doge of Genoa, but is forced to flee his office hours later by Francesco Giustiniano di Garibaldo becomes the new Doge of the Republic.source
  • 1394The agreement between the Swiss Confederacy (the cantons of Lucerne, Uri, Schwyz and Unterwaldeden) and the Duchy of Austria, originally signed on April 1, 1389, following the 1386 Battle of Sempach, is extended by amendment.source
  • 1406In China's invasion of Vietnam, the Chinese imperial court issues the "Edict to Invade Annam", listing "20 formal reasons" for preparing to conquer the Kingdoms of Annam and Dai Ngu.source
  • 1416Following the Venetian Navy triumph over the Ottomans at Gallipoli, Dolfino Venier, the Republic of Venice's ambassador to the Ottoman Empire, reaches an agreement with the Ottoman Sultan Mehmed I to begin discussing a treaty.source
  • 1445In Germany, Frederick II, Elector of Saxony and his brother William III, Duke of Luxembourg, agree to negotiate the Division of Altenburg, in hopes of peacefully splitting lands in Thuringia which they had inherited from their father's cousin, Frederick IV, Landgrave of Thuringia.source
  • 1449The English Parliament closes and King Henry VI gives royal assent to numerous acts passed during its five-month session. Becoming law are the Importation Act, a 7-year ban on the import of Netherlands merchandise from Holland, Zeeland and Brabant, and the Distress Act, making it a felony "for any Welsh or Lancashire man to take other men, their goods or chattels, under colour of distress, where they have no cause."source
  • 1465At the Battle of Montlhéry, troops of King Louis XI fight inconclusively against an army of great nobles, organized as the League of the Public Weal.source
  • 1465Louis XI fights the inconclusive Battle of Montlhéry during the War of the Public Wealsource
  • 1557July 10 – July 19: Thomas Radclyffe (newly succeeded as Earl of Sussex), Lord Deputy of Ireland, campaigns against the O'Connors of Offaly.source
  • 1579James FitzMaurice FitzGerald lands with a small force of Irish, Spanish, and Italian troops at Smerwick on the Dingle Peninsula and commences the Second Desmond Rebellion against the rule in Ireland of Elizabeth I of England. The rebellion lasts until 1583 and results in the extinction of the Desmond palatinate. Brian O'Rourke joins.source
  • 1604The last of the 18 sessions of the English and Spanish peace conference is held at the Old Somerset House in London, with the parties reaching an agreement on terms of a treaty.source
  • 1614Ingrian war: The Swedish Empire wins a decisive victory against Tsarist Russia in Battle of Bronnitsy.source
  • 1614In reprisal for the attempt of "the False Dmitry", a man who claimed to be the son of Ivan the Terrible, to claim the throne, Tsar Michael of Russia has Dmitry's 3-year-old son, Ivan Dmitriyevich, publicly hanged in Moscow.source
  • 1623A great conjunction of Jupiter and Saturn, with the planets only 5 arc minutes apart, the closest between 1226 and 2874. This conjunction likely goes unobserved, as it occurs near the Sun and the telescope has been invented only recently.source
  • 1627Turkish Abductions: the Barbary corsairs from Algiers raid the island of Heimaey off Iceland, take captives into slavery and kill others.source
  • 1631The city of Würzburg is taken by Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden, putting an end to the Würzburg witch trials, but not before an estimated 900 people from the city and its environs have been burned at the stake for witchcraft.source
  • 1638Thirty Years' War: The siege of Saint-Omer ends after almost two months as the French-held Flemish city falls after being besieged by Spanish and German troops.source
  • 1638Siege of Saint-Omer liftedsource
  • 1639A revolt in France begins in Normandy with the assassination of tax collector Charles Le Poupinel while he is working in the town of Avranches. The rebellion is brutally crushed on November 30.source
  • 1639Revolt of the va-nu-pieds begins in Normandy against the gabelle, suppressed by Michel Le Tellier, Pierre Séguier and Omer Talon (continues into 1640).source
  • 1644First English Civil War: Parliamentary forces capture York.source
  • 164816 July–19 July – The Battle of Prague takes place in the Thirty Years' War. The west bank of Prague (including Prague Castle) is occupied and looted by Swedish armies.source
  • 1650New regulations issued for the book trade in the city of Brusselssource
  • 1659Princess Henriette Catherine of Nassau marries John George II, Prince of Anhalt-Dessau, in Groningen.source
  • 1669A rockfall from the Mönchsberg mountain above Salzburg in Austria kills 230 people as tons of the mountainside fall onto a neighborhood on a street, the Gstättengasse.source
  • 1674In a major battle in the Third Anglo-Dutch War, a large fleet of 18 warships from the Dutch Republic, along with 15 troop transports, nine storeships and 3,400 soldiers, arrives at the island of Martinique in the Caribbean Sea for the purpose of invasion and capture of Martinique from the French colonists. Admiral Michiel de Ruyter, commander of the Dutch forces, waits for four days before coming ashore. The French defenders, under the direction of the Governor, Antoine André de Sainte-Marthe, take advantage of the situation to block the entrances to the harbor and to reinforce troops. The Dutch invasion force is forced to retreat after sustaining heavy losses.source
  • 1675July 16–24 – An envoy from Massachusetts attempts to negotiate with the Nipmuck tribe.source
  • 1683July 16–17 – Battle of Penghu: Qing Chinese admiral Shi Lang defeats the naval forces of Zheng Keshuang decisively.source
  • 1705Battle of Gemauerthofsource
  • 1710War of the Spanish Succession: Battle of Almenar: victory of the Habsburg monarchy in alliance with Britain against Bourbon Spain.source
  • 1715Imprisonment of Robert Harley, Earl of Oxford, in the Tower of London for his part in the negotiations over the Treaty of Utrecht.source
  • 1719Attack on Marstrand: the Carlsten fortress in Sweden surrenders to a Danish and Norwegian force after a siege of seven days. Colonel Henrich Danckwardt, who surrendered the fortress to Peter Tordenskjold after being away from it while it was still defensible, is beheaded on September 16.source
  • 1768The Loftus Baronetcy, of Mount Loftus in the County of Kilkenny, is created in the Baronetage of Ireland for Edward Loftus.source
  • 1769Father Junípero Serra founds Mission San Diego de Alcalá, the first of the 21 California missions.source
  • 1779The Great Siege of Gibraltar begins. This is an action by French and Spanish forces to wrest control of Gibraltar from the established British garrison. The garrison, led by George Augustus Eliott (later 1st Baron Heathfield of Gibraltar), survives all attacks and a blockade of supplies.source
  • 1779American Revolutionary War – United States forces, led by General Anthony Wayne, capture Stony Point, New York from British troops.source
  • 1779Declaratory Rescript of the Illyrian Nation issued in order to regulate organization of Eastern Orthodox Church in Habsburg monarchy.source
  • 1782August 29 – The Masonic Congress of Wilhelmsbad, Germany, one of the most important secret society congresses in history, takes place. High-degree Freemasons from the whole of Europe spend the time deliberating the fate of the rite of Strict Observance, and hierarchy of the governing bodies of world Freemasonry, at the Hanau-Wilhelmsbad spa.source
  • 1782Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart's opera Die Entführung aus dem Serail premieres at the Burgtheater in Vienna.source
  • 1782Premiere of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart's Die Entführung aus dem Serail at the Burgtheater, Viennasource
  • 1783Grants of land in Canada to American Loyalists are announced.source
  • 1785The Piper-Heidsieck Champagne house is founded by Florens-Louis Heidsieck in Reims, France.source
  • 1785The Piper-Heidsieck Champagne house is founded by Florens-Louis Heidsieck in Reims, France.source
  • 1790U.S. President George Washington signs the Residence Act into law, establishing a site along the Potomac River as the District of Columbia and the future site of the capital of the United States. The move comes after the bill is narrowly approved on July 1 by the Senate, 14 to 12, and on July 9 by the House, 32 to 29. At the same time, plans are made to move the national capital from New York to Philadelphia until the Potomac River site can be completed.source
  • 1791July 14–17 – Priestley Riots against Dissenters in Birmingham, England.source
  • 1798The Relief of Sick and Disabled Seamen Act is signed into law, creating the Marine Hospital Service, the forerunner to the current United States Public Health Service Commissioned Corps.source
  • 1800Richard Johnson and Samuel Marsden open a church school in Kissing Point (Ryde).source
  • 1809The city of La Paz (in modern-day Bolivia) declares its independence from the Spanish Crown and forms the Junta Tuitiva, the first independent government in Spanish America, led by Pedro Domingo Murillo.source
  • 1810Governor Francisco Antonio García Carrasco is forced to resign.source
  • 1818The Daniel Webster Debate Society of Phillips Exeter Academy is founded as The Golden Branch Literary Society, making it the oldest surviving secondary school literary society in the U.S.source
  • 1823José Bernardo de Tagle elected as the second president of Peru by the Peruvian Congress.source
  • 1825The U.S. Senate ratifies treaties with the Hunkpapa tribe.source
  • 1832"The Bad Day": 31 sixareens (the traditional fishing craft of Shetland) are lost in a storm with 105 crew.source
  • 1834William Lamb, 2nd Viscount Melbourne, succeeds Earl Grey as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom.source
  • 1835Battle of Mendigorríasource
  • 1836the brig Mariner leaves Loch Eriboll on the north coast for Cape Breton Island and Quebec in British North America with 154 emigrants, mostly from the nearby Reay district.source
  • 1842"Linen convention" exempts Belgian textiles from French protectionist measures in return for a reduction in the Belgian tariff on French wines.source
  • 1845The Dissenter Act was enacted.source
  • 1848The Liberal Party of Colombia is founded.source
  • 1855The Australian Colonies are granted self-governing status by the United Kingdom.source
  • 1860Frederick Townsend Ward's militia captures Songjiangsource
  • 1861Chilean presidential election, 1861source
  • 1870In response to Bismarck's refusal to cede parts of the Rhineland to Emperor Napoleon III of France, the near succession of a Hohenzollern to the Spanish throne, and the Ems telegram, France declares war on Prussia, beginning the Franco-Prussian War.source
  • 1877Great Railroad Strike of 1877: Riots by Baltimore and Ohio Railroad railroad workers in Baltimore lead to a sympathy strike and rioting in Pittsburgh, and a full-scale worker's rebellion in St. Louis, briefly establishing a communist government, before U.S. president Rutherford B. Hayes calls in the armed forces.source
  • 1877July 9–19 – The All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club stages the first Wimbledon Championships in lawn tennis. English cricketer Spencer Gore becomes first Wimbledon gentlemen's singles champion (the only event held).source
  • 1879The city of Kotka is founded in Kymenlaakso, Finland, by separating its two islands from the old Kymi parish.source
  • 1881July 14–20 – The London Social Revolutionary Congress is held; delegates include Marie Le Compte, Peter Kropotkin, Errico Malatesta, Saverio Merlino, Louise Michel, Nikolai Tchaikovsky and Émile Gautier.source
  • 1885BHP (Broken Hill Proprietary), a worldwide mining and natural gas producer is founded in New South Wales, Australia.source
  • 1890German company Mannesmann is founded in Düsseldorf.source
  • 1892Liberian freed slave Martha Ann Ricks meets Queen Victoria.source
  • 1894The United Kingdom and Japan sign the Anglo-Japanese Treaty of Commerce and Navigation, as the U.K. becomes the first of the Western nations to agree to give up its extraterritorial rights in Japan.source
  • 1899Roberto Landell de Moura performs the first public demonstration of his Wave Transmitter.source
  • 1901The Fawcett Commission is established to look at living conditions of women and children, including water supply, sanitation, medical care and the mortality and birth rates in the concentration camps.source
  • 1908July 13–25 – The 1908 Summer Olympics are held in London. (Originally scheduled to be in Rome, but changed due to the Mount Vesuvius eruption of 1906. Figure skating events are held in London from October 28–29.)source
  • 1909A revolution forces Mohammad Ali Shah of the Qajar dynasty to abdicate in favor of his son Ahmad Shah Qajar. He proceeds to leave Persia for the Russian Empire, reportedly seeking the assistance of Nicholas II of Russia in regaining the throne.source
  • 1909Ahmad Shah Qajar, the last king of Qajar dynasty, ascended to throne.source
  • 1914Maurice Guillaux leaves Melbourne to fly to Sydney in a Blériot monoplane in the first delivery of airmail. He arrived in Sydney on 18 July after nine and a half hours of flying time.source
  • 1916Max Reger's Hebbel Requiem is first performed in a memorial concert for the composer, conducted by Philipp Wolfrum.source
  • 1917July 16–18 – July Days: Serious clashes occur in Petrograd; Vladimir Lenin escapes to Finland; Leon Trotsky is arrested.source
  • 1917July 16–July 18 – Clashes in Petrograd in July Days; Lenin escapes to Finland; Trotsky is arrested.source
  • 1925July 10–21 – Scopes trial: in a staged test case (the "Monkey Trial") in Dayton, Tennessee, United States, John T. Scopes, a young high school science teacher (technically arrested on May 5 and indicted on May 25) is accused of assigning a reading from a (state-mandated) textbook on Darwinian evolution in violation of a Tennessee state law, the "Butler Act". He is found guilty and fined $100, though the verdict is later overturned on a technicality. The trial makes explicit the fundamentalist–modernist controversy within the Presbyterian Church in the United States of America, with William Jennings Bryan (who dies on July 26) being challenged by the liberal Clarence Darrow.source
  • 1930Our Lady of Aparecida is proclaimed the Patroness of Brazil, by decree of Pope Pius XI.source
  • 1931Emperor Haile Selassie signs the first Constitution of Ethiopia.source
  • 1935The antisemitic and authoritarian National Christian Party is founded by the merger of the National Agrarian Party and the National-Christian Defense League.source
  • 1942The Holocaust: By order of the Vichy France government headed by Pierre Laval, French police officers round-up 13,000–20,000 Jews and imprison them in the Winter Velodrome.source
  • 1943Honoré Van Waeyenbergh, Rector of the Catholic University of Leuven, sentenced to eighteen months imprisonment for refusing to give the occupying forces access to university enrolment records.source
  • 1944The first contingent of the Brazilian Expeditionary Force arrives in Italy.source
  • 1945A train collision near Munich, Germany kills 102 war prisoners.source
  • 1945A train collision near Munich kills 102 war prisoners.source
  • 1945The Trinity nuclear test in New Mexico, the first of an atomic bomb, using about six kilograms of plutonium, succeeds in unleashing an explosion equivalent to that of 22 kilotons of TNT.source
  • 1946The Bureau of Land Management (BLM) within the Department of the Interior is formed by the merger of the Grazing Service and United States General Land Office.source
  • 1948Three armed men hijack the Cathay Pacific passenger plane Miss Macao and shoot the pilot; the plane crashes, killing 26 of 27 people on board.source
  • 1950July 14–21 – Korean War: Battle of Taejon – North Korean forces capture the city held by the U.S. 24th Infantry Division, but the delay allows establishment of the Pusan Perimeter.source
  • 1950Ezan (call for prayer) which had been translated into Turkish during the CHP governments was restored to traditional Arabic.source
  • 1950Uruguay beats Brazil 2–1, to win the 1950 World Cup, the match dubbed the Maracanazo.source
  • 1951King Leopold III of Belgium abdicates in favour of his son Baudouin, who on July 17 takes the oath as king of Belgium.source
  • 1955The magnitude 6.8 Soke–Aydin earthquake shook the Aydın Province with a maximum Mercalli intensity of IX (Violent), causing severe damage and four deaths.source
  • 1957United States Marine Major John Glenn flies an F8U supersonic jet from California to New York in 3 hours, 23 minutes and 8 seconds, setting a new transcontinental speed record.source
  • 1957Article 433 of Decree 324 bans prostitution. The remainder of the legislation gives additional powers to the secret police.source
  • 1962The Goulburn School Strike started. This was an education strike in Goulburn, New South Wales, where, in response to a demand for the installation of three extra toilets at a local Catholic Primary School, the local community closed down these schools and sent the children to the Government schools. The Catholic Church declared they had no money to install the extra toilets. Nearly 1,000 children turned up to be enrolled locally and the state schools were unable to accommodate them. In 1963, Menzies made State aid for science blocks part of his party's platform in response to the public debate engendered by the Goulburn strike.source
  • 1964Six days of race riots begin in Harlem, New York, United States, apparently prompted by the shooting of a teenager.source
  • 1965The Mont Blanc Tunnel, a highway tunnel between France and Italy, is inaugurated by presidents Charles de Gaulle and Giuseppe Saragat.source
  • 1966Arkangel de la Muerte, professional wrestler (died 2018)source
  • 1969Apollo program: Apollo 11 (Buzz Aldrin, Neil Armstrong, Michael Collins) lifts off from Cape Kennedy in Florida towards the first crewed landing on the Moon.source
  • 1970Three Rivers Stadium opens in Pittsburgh Pennsylvania, home to NFL Steelers and MLB Pirates.source
  • 1972Demetrios I elected as patriarch.source
  • 1973Watergate scandal: Former White House aide Alexander Butterfield informs the United States Senate Watergate Committee that President Richard Nixon had secretly recorded potentially incriminating conversations.source
  • 1976July 16–20 – Albert Spaggiari and his gang break into the vault of the Société Generale Bank in Nice, France.source
  • 1979Iraqi President Hasan al-Bakr resigns and Vice President Saddam al-Tikriti, more commonly referred to in the Western press as "Saddam Hussein", assumes the presidency.source
  • 1980Former California Governor and actor Ronald Reagan is nominated for U.S. president, at the 1980 Republican National Convention in Detroit. Influenced by the Religious Right, the convention also drops its long-standing support for the Equal Rights Amendment, dismaying moderate Republicans.source
  • 1981July 16–21 – England become the first team this century to win a cricket Test match after the follow-on when they beat Australia by 18 runs at Headingley cricket ground, Leeds, England.source
  • 1982In New York City, the Reverend Sun Myung Moon is sentenced to 18 months in prison and fined $25,000 for tax fraud and conspiracy to obstruct justice.source
  • 1983Sikorsky S-61 disaster: A helicopter crashes off the Isles of Scilly, causing 20 fatalities.source
  • 1988The anime film Akira is released.source
  • 19901990 Luzon earthquake: An earthquake measuring Mw kills more than 2,400 in the Philippines.source
  • 1990An earthquake with a 7.8 M s strikes Luzon. It kills around 2,000 and leaves damages of at least ₱10-billion, mainly from Metro Manila and regions in northern and central Luzon, especially Baguio, the most devastated, as well as Dagupan and Cabanatuan. —"1990 July 16 Ms7.8 Luzon Earthquake" Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology. —"FAST FACTS: The 1990 Luzon earthquake" Rappler. July 16, 2019. Publications: —"The July 16, 1990 Luzon earthquake" (PDF) United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction. —"Technical Report on Luzon Earthquake of July 16, 1990, Republic of the Philippines with Recommendation for Reconstruction and Development" (PDF; incomplete) Published 1990. Desastres (CIDBIMENA; Honduras). —"Liquefaction-induced damage, and geological and geophysical conditions during the 1990 Luzon earthquake" (PDF) Published 1992. Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur. —source
  • 1992At the 1992 Democratic National Convention, Arkansas Governor Bill Clinton accepts his party's presidential nomination on behalf of the "forgotten middle class".source
  • 1994July 16–22 – Fragments of Comet Shoemaker–Levy 9 impact the planet Jupiter.source
  • 1996An outbreak of E. coli food poisoning in Japan results in 6,000 children being ill, including two deaths, after a group of school children eat contaminated lunches.source
  • 1996An outbreak of E. coli food poisoning in Sakai City resulted in 6309 schoolchildren and 92 school staff members from 62 municipal elementary schools falling ill.source
  • 1996A bus ferrying a group of factory workers and their families on a holiday excursion plunged into a 120m-deep ravine at km 1 of the Genting Sempah–Genting Highlands Highway near the Genting Highlands Resort, killing 17. Six were children.source
  • 1999Off the coast of Martha's Vineyard, a plane piloted by John F. Kennedy Jr. crashes, killing him and his wife, Carolyn Bessette Kennedy, and her sister, Lauren Bessette.source
  • 2000July 11–25 – A summit meeting takes place at Camp David between United States president Bill Clinton, Israeli prime minister Ehud Barak and Palestinian Authority chairman Yasser Arafat, ending without an agreement.source
  • 2009Iceland's national parliament, the Althingi, votes to pursue joining the EU.source
  • 2010First (test) Instagram posts made by co-developers Mike Krieger and Kevin Systrom in San Francisco; the service launches publicly on October 6.source
  • 2011July 14–23 – Two frontal systems enter south-central Chile causing great snowfalls that leaves thousand of people isolated.source
  • 20142014 Chaambi Mountains attack: Two checkpoints in the Chaambi Mountains are attacked by militants.source
  • 2016July 15–16 – In Turkey, a faction within the Turkish Armed Forces that organized themselves as the Peace at Home Council, unsuccessfully stages a coup against the state institutions, resulting in the deaths of at least 240 people and triggering a series of unprecedented purges throughout the country.source
  • 2017Republic of the Congo parliamentary election, 2017source
  • 2019The European Parliament elects Ursula von der Leyen as the new President of the European Commission. Succeeding Jean-Claude Juncker, she will be sworn in on December 1, 2019. She is the first female to be elected to this office in EU history.source
  • 2020Chan Santokhi takes over as president.source
  • 2022July 7 – July 17 – The 2022 World Games is held in Birmingham, Alabama, United States.source

Births

  • 1164Frederick V, son of Frederick Barbarossasource
  • 1194Clare of Assisi, Italian nun and saint (died 1253)source
  • 1486Andrea del Sarto, Italian painter (died 1530)source
  • 1517Frances Grey, Duchess of Suffolk, English duchess (died 1559)source
  • 1529Petrus Peckius the Elder, Dutch jurist, writer on international maritime law (died 1589)source
  • 1623Bengt Gabrielsson Oxenstierna, diplomat (died 1702)source
  • 1723Sir Joshua Reynolds, English painter (died 1792)source
  • 1731Samuel Huntington, Patriot in the American Revolution and politician (died 1796)source
  • 1746Giuseppe Piazzi, Italian astronomer (died 1826)source
  • 1796Jean-Baptiste-Camille Corot, French landscape and portrait painter and printmaker in etching (died 1875)source
  • 1821Mary Baker Eddy, American founder of Christian Science (died 1910)source
  • 1831Naser al-Din Shah Qajar born in Tabrizsource
  • 1855Rodolphe Lindt, chocolate manufacturer and inventor (died 1909)source
  • 1860Otto Jespersen, Danish linguist, creator of Ido and Novial languages (d.1943)source
  • 1862Ida B. Wells, American journalist, suffragist, and anti-lynching crusader (died 1931)source
  • 1872Roald Amundsen, Norwegian polar explorer (died 1928)source
  • 1937Kurt Mrkwicka, diversource
  • 1976Bobby Lashley, American professional wrestlersource
  • 1985Rebecca Muambo, wrestlersource

Deaths

  • 784Fulrad, Frankish abbot (born 710)source
  • 851Sisenandus, deacon and martyrsource
  • 866Irmgard, Frankish abbesssource
  • 1200Li Fengniang (or Cixian), Chinese empress (born 1144)source
  • 1212William de Brus, Scottish lord of Annandalesource
  • 1216Innocent III, pope of the Catholic Churchsource
  • 1225Ōe no Hiromoto, Japanese nobleman (born 1148)source
  • 1309James Stewart, Scottish nobleman and knight (born 1260)source
  • 1309James Stewart, 5th High Steward of Scotland, Guardian of Scotland during the First Interregnumsource
  • 1324Yohito, former emperor of Japan (born 1267)source
  • 1342King Charles I of Hungarysource
  • 1344An-Nasir Ahmad, deposed Bahri Mamluk sultan of Egypt (born 1316)source
  • 1487Charlotte, Queen of Cyprus (born 1436)source
  • 1491William Herbert, 2nd Earl of Pembroke, English earl (born 1451)source
  • 1509Mikalojus Radvila the Old, Lithuanian nobleman (born circa 1450)source
  • 1509Joao da Nova, Portuguese explorer (born 1460)source
  • 1546Anne Askew, English Protestant (burned at the stake) (born 1521)source
  • 1557Anne of Cleves, fourth queen of Henry VIII of England (born 1515)source
  • 1576Isabella de' Medici, Italian noble (died 1542)source
  • 1633John Casimir, Duke of Saxe-Coburg (born 1564)source
  • 1647Masaniello, Italian rebel (born 1622)source
  • 1664Andreas Gryphius, German writer (born 1616)source
  • 1732Woodes Rogers, privateer and first Royal Governor of the Bahamas (born c. 1679)source
  • 1757Richard Lloyd, politician, about 54source
  • 1764Tsar Ivan VI of Russia (murdered in prison) (born 1740)source
  • 1776Countess Palatine Francisca Christina of Sulzbach, Princess-abbess of Essen Abbey and Thorn Abbey (born 1696)source
  • 1847José Ignacio Zenteno (born 1786)source
  • 1882Mary Todd Lincoln, First Lady of the United States (born 1818)source
  • 1911August Harambašić, writer, publisher and translator (born 1861).source
  • 1915Ellen G. White, American prophetess, co-founder of the Seventh-day Adventist Church, most translated American author (born 1827)source
  • 1916July 15–19 – WWI: Battle of Delville Wood – 766 men from the South African Brigade are killed, in South Africa's biggest loss during the First World War.source
  • 1925Walid Khalidi, Palestinian Arab historian who has written extensively on the Palestinian exodus (died 2026)source
  • 1960Albert Kesselring, German field marshal (born 1885)source
  • 1983Michel Micombero, Burundian military officer and statesman, 8th Prime Minister and 1st President of Burundi (born 1940)source
  • 1999John F. Kennedy Jr. dies in a plane crash off Martha's Vineyard.source