/year

October 8 in history

211 sourced entries recorded on October 8, from 316 CE to 2025 CE. Every line is quoted from the revision it came from.

Events

  • 316Battle of Cibalae: Constantine the Great defeats his rival Licinius near the town of Colonia Aurelia Cibalae (modern-day Vinkovci, Croatia). Licinius is forced to flee to Sirmium and loses all of the Balkans except for Thrace. Peace negotiations are initiated between the two Augusti, but they are unsuccessful.source
  • 451November 1 – Council of Chalcedon, an ecumenical council of the Church: The monophysitism of Eutyches is repudiated, and the Chalcedonian Definition set forth. As a result of this council, the Oriental Orthodox Churches eventually become a separate communion. More immediately, Jerusalem becomes a Patriarchate, and Dioscorus of Alexandria is deposed as Patriarch of Alexandria by the Council.source
  • 876Battle of Andernach: Frankish forces, led by Louis the Younger, prevent a West Frankish invasion and defeat Charles II at Andernach. The Rhineland remains part of the East Frankish Kingdom.source
  • 1076Demetrius Zvonimir is crowned as king of Croatia in Solin (near Split), in the Basilica of Saint Peter and Moses (known later as the Hollow Church) by a representative of Gregory VII.source
  • 1094Doge Vitale Faliero consecrates the new Basilica of San Marco in Venice.source
  • 1111October 5 – 18-year-old Baldwin VII succeeds his father, Robert II, as Count of Flanders until 1119.source
  • 1223At Montgomery in Wales, King Henry III of England reaches a peaceful settlement with Llywelyn ab Iorwerth, the powerful ruler of the semi-independent Principality of Gwynedd, following a mediation by Ranulf de Blondeville, the Earl of Chester.source
  • 1275Battle of Ronaldsway: Scottish forces under John de Vesci defeat the Manx people of the Isle of Man in a decisive battle, firmly establishing Scottish rule of the island.source
  • 1323John XXII claims the right to confirm imperial elections and demands that Louis IV of Bavarian surrender his claim to be King of the Romans.source
  • 1339Edward abandoned the siege after learning that French King Philip VI was arriving with an reinforcement army.source
  • 1374Shaikh Hasan Jalayir became the ruler of the Jalayirid Sultanate, in what is now Iraq, as the eldest son of the late Shaykh Uways Jalayir, who had been Sultan since 1356, but would reign for only one day.source
  • 1395The University of Óbuda, the second in Hungary and the first in the capital, Budapest, is given a deed of foundation by Pope Boniface IX after the requests of King Sigismund of Hungary.source
  • 1414Bohemian church reformer Jan Hus departs his home at the invitation of King Sigismund of Germany in order to attend the Council of Constance. A few weeks after his November 3 arrival, however, even though he was promised safe-conduct - he is imprisoned for heresy and spends the rest of his life in captivity.source
  • 1463The Truce of Hesdin ends French support for the House of Lancaster in England.source
  • 1476Burgundian Wars: Charles the Bold, Duke of Burgundy, begins the Siege of Nancy, capital of the Duchy of Lorraine, in an attempt to regain control of it after Rene II, Duke of Lorraine, had captured it earlier. Rene II, aided by the Swiss Confederation, makes plans to break the siege, leading to the Battle of Nancy on January 5, 1477.source
  • 1480The Great Stand on the Ugra River begins as troops of the Grand Duchy of Moscow, led by the Grand Duke Ivan III and General Ivan Molodoy battle against the invading Mongol armies of the Golden Horde, led by their ruling monarch, Akhmat Khan. The invasion began after Ivan III stopped paying tribute to the Horde. The Theotokos of Vladimir icon is credited with saving Moscow. The standoff between the troops lasts five weeks before Akhmat and the Mongol troops retreat.source
  • 1508An inconclusive peace treaty is signed to end the third of the Muscovite–Lithuanian Wars.source
  • 1515Portuguese explorer Juan Díaz de Solís departs from Sanlúcar de Barrameda in Spain with three ships and 70 men on a disastrous expedition toward the southern part of the continent of South America. Soon after landing at what is now Uruguay, Díaz and most of his crew are killed by the Charrúa people shortly after their arrival in January.source
  • 1530A flood engulfs Rome.source
  • 1554In Peru, an 11-month long rebellion by Francisco Hernández Girón is ended at the Battle of Pucará with the rebels defeated by the Viceroy of Peru near Cuzco.source
  • 1557The Colloquy of Worms is adjourned with no resolution on reconciling the differences between Catholicism and Protestantism, after the parties are unable to agree on the concepts of original sin and theological justification.source
  • 1566Catherine of the Austrian Habsburgs, Queen of consort of Poland since 1553 as wife of Sigismund II Augustus, leaves Poland to return to Austria after the failure of her marriage. She never comes back to Poland, though she remains the official queen consort until her death in 1572.source
  • 1573The Spanish abandon the siege of the city of Alkmaar and concede the city to the Geuzen, the Dutch Calvinist rebels.source
  • 1581The Tenshō Iga War ends in Japan with the surrender of Kashiwara Castle to Oda Nobunaga.source
  • 1583archbishop Dermot O'Hurley is arrested and imprisoned in Dublin Castle.source
  • 1590The second papal conclave in less than four weeks opens at the Apostolic Palace in Rome, 23 days after the previous conclave had been concluded, and 53 cardinals arrive.source
  • 1591The Separation Edict, a law imposing an immobile social class structure in Japan, is promulgated by Toyotomi Hideyoshi.source
  • 1600The basic legal system for the Republic of San Marino goes into effect during the service of captains regent Girolamo Gozi and Francesco Giannini.source
  • 1619Thirty Years' War – The Treaty of Munich is signed by Ferdinand II and Maximilian I, Elector of Bavaria.source
  • 1634Gaston, Duke of Orléans, leaves Brussels and returns to Paris. On October 21 at Saint-Germain-en-Laye, he swears before the king "to love the cardinal as much as he had hated him".source
  • 1636Albert Andriessen Bradt emigrated to New Netherland, one of the earliest Norwegian settlers of the Dutch colony.source
  • 16421642 Yellow River flood: Some 300,000 people die in the intentional breaking of the dams and dykes of the Yellow River, done by the Ming dynasty defenders of Kaifeng to break the siege by the large rebel force of Li Zicheng.source
  • 1643The Shunzhi Emperor of China is crowned at five years old, 17 days after the death of his father and the decision of the Deliberative Council of Princes and Ministers.source
  • 1645October 8–14 – English Civil War: The Third siege of Basing House by Oliver Cromwell results in its destruction.source
  • 1645Jeanne Mance founds the Hôtel-Dieu de Montréal, the first hospital in North America.source
  • 1651City of Liège prohibits the sending of packets by the riverboat recently established in Maastricht rather than the two merchant boats already established in Liègesource
  • 1652First Anglo-Dutch War: Battle of the Kentish Knock – In a battle fought near the shoal called the Kentish Knock in the North Sea, about 30 km from the mouth of the River Thames, the Dutch are forced to withdraw.source
  • 1652First Anglo-Dutch War: Battle of the Kentish Knock fought in the North Sea about 30 km from the mouth of the river Thames; the Dutch are forced to withdraw.source
  • 1690Great Turkish War: The Ottomans recapture Belgrade.source
  • 1710October 5 – October 13 - British forces under Francis Nicholson conduct the successful Siege of Port Royal against a French Acadian garrison and the Wabanaki Confederacy at the Acadian capital, Port Royal, marking the start of British control of what became Nova Scotia.source
  • 1720Sayyid Hussain Ali Khan Barha, one of the powerful Sayyid brothers of the Mughal Empire in India, is stabbed to death by Turkish nobleman Haider Beg Dughlat after Dughlat distracts him by giving him a petition to read. The assassination is ordered by Nizam ul-Mulk in retaliation for Sayyid Hussain's attempted ambush on June 19.source
  • 1745The Empress Elizabeth of Russia agrees to provide the Electorate of Saxony with aid in its war against Prussia, but the agreement comes too late.source
  • 1765Bergen Philharmonic Orchestra was founded.source
  • 1766Sophia Magdalena of Denmark arrives in Sweden.source
  • 1768French conquest of Corsica: Battle of Borgo – French forces are defeated by Corsicanssource
  • 1784"Kettle War", a 1-day action on the Scheldt in which a ship of the Dutch Republic repels forces of the Holy Roman Empire.source
  • 1795October 5 – 13 Vendémiaire: Royalist riots in Paris are crushed by troops under Paul Barras and newly-reinstalled artillery officer Napoleon Bonaparte.source
  • 1801Treaty of Paris ends Russian participation in the War of the Second Coalitionsource
  • 1802A Unitarian Association is formed in South Wales, with Josiah Rees and Iolo Morganwg among its leaders.source
  • 1804HMS Speedy sinks during a snowstorm.source
  • 1804Jean-Jacques Dessalines holds his coronation as Jean-Jacques I, Emperor of Haiti.source
  • 1806Napoleon responds to the September 25 ultimatum from Prussia, and begins the War of the Fourth Coalition; Prussia is joined by Saxony and other minor German states.source
  • 1806Napoleon responds to the 25 September ultimatum from Prussia, and begins the War of the Fourth Coalition; Prussia is joined by Saxony and other minor German states.source
  • 1809Prince Klemens von Metternich becomes foreign minister of the Austrian Empire.source
  • 1811Governor Cradock appoints Lieutenant-Colonel John Graham as special commissioner for military and civil affairs in the eastern frontier districts.source
  • 1821October 8 (O.S.)/October 20 (N.S.) – Tsar Alexander I of Russia issues an imperial ukase guaranteeing freedom of commerce in Russia by merchants from Persia.source
  • 1822The Galunggung volcano erupts on West Java, and is followed four days later by a second, more violent outburst. The two events kill more than 4,000 people and destroy 114 villages.source
  • 1832Washington Irving and Henry Leavitt Ellsworth arrive at Fort Gibson, Indian Territory (later Fort Gibson, Oklahoma) in the late morning hours. They leave the fort on October 10, with a small company of Rangers who escort them to the camp of Captain Jesse Bean who is waiting for them near the Arkansas River. Thus begins one of the first steps in the United States effort to remove the indigenous peoples of the Americas from their homes on the east coast in what would become known as the "Trail of Tears" some six years later.source
  • 1833Belgian Iron Cross established to honour bravery during the Belgian Revolutionsource
  • 1840A firman (imperial decree) of Sultan Abdulmejid I replaces Bashir Shihab II as Emir of Mount Lebanon with Prince Bashir Chehab III (Bashir Qasim al-Chehab).source
  • 1840Taff Vale Railway is officially opened, the first steam-worked passenger railway in Wales, running from Cardiff docks to Navigation House at Abercynon via the Cardiff station known in modern days as Queen Street. Public service begins the following day.source
  • 1843Treaty of the Bogue signed between China and the United Kingdom, concluded in October 1843 to supplement the previous Treaty of Nankingsource
  • 1844Louis-Phillipe, King of the French, arrives in Portsmouth on a visit to Britain.source
  • 1856The Second Opium War between several Western powers and China begins with the Arrow Incident on the Pearl River.source
  • 1862American Civil War: Battle of Perryville – Union Army forces under General Don Carlos Buell halt the Confederate invasion of Kentucky by defeating troops led by General Braxton Bragg at Perryville, Kentucky.source
  • 1865The 6.3 MLa Santa Cruz Mountains earthquake shakes the Central Coast and San Francisco Bay Area of California with a maximum Mercalli intensity of VIII (Severe), causing $500,000 in damage.source
  • 1866October 7–21 – The Second Plenary Council of American Roman Catholic bishops is held in Baltimore.source
  • 1869New York Foundling Asylum incorporated.source
  • 1870Léon Gambetta escapes besieged Paris in a hot-air balloon.source
  • 1871Continental AG is founded as Continental-Caoutchouc und Gutta-Percha Compagnie in Hanover, Germany.source
  • 1871The Great Chicago Fire breaks out in Chicago, Illinois and burns for 2 days, killing 300 people, destroying 17,500 buildings and leaving 100,000 people homeless.source
  • 1871Four major fires break out in the Upper Midwest in Chicago, Illinois, Peshtigo, Wisconsin, Holland, Michigan, and Manistee, Michigan. The Great Chicago Fire is the most infamous of these, killing 300 people, destroying 17,500 buildings and leaving nearly 100,000 people homeless, although the Peshtigo Fire in Wisconsin kills as many as 2,500 people, making it the deadliest fire in United States history.source
  • 1871The Peshtigo fire begins and destroys the town of Peshtigo, Wisconsin, and kills as many as 2,500 people, becoming the deadliest wildfire in United States history.source
  • 1879War of the Pacific: Battle of Angamos – The Chilean Navy defeats Peruvian naval forces.source
  • 1899The word "wowser" is first used by John Norton, editor of the Melbourne Truth newspaper.source
  • 1903October 1–13 – First modern World Series: The Boston Americans defeat the Pittsburgh Pirates in eight games.source
  • 1908The capital of Australia is chosen, settling a feud between rivals Melbourne and Sydney.source
  • 1908The University of Omaha, precursor of the University of Nebraska Omaha, is founded as a private non-sectarian college.source
  • 1909An earthquake in the Zagreb area leads Andrija Mohorovičić to identify the Mohorovičić discontinuity.source
  • 1912The First Balkan War begins: Montenegro declares war against the Ottoman Empire.source
  • 1921SS Rowan sinks off the Rhins of Galloway after a double collision with the loss of at least 18 lives.source
  • 1921The steamer SS Rowan sinks off the coast of Scotland. Twenty-two people lose their lives.source
  • 1921The first Sweetest Day is staged in Cleveland, Ohio.source
  • 1925October 5–16 – The Locarno Treaties are negotiated.source
  • 1926124 coal miners die due to a methane explosion in the Durban Navigation Colliery disastersource
  • 1928Chiang Kai-shek is named as Generalissimo (Chairman of the National Military Council) of the Nationalist Government of the Republic of China.source
  • 1929Cubana de Aviación is founded.source
  • 1932Indian Air Force established.source
  • 1937October 2–8 – Parsley Massacre: Under the orders of President Rafael Trujillo, Dominican troops kill thousands of Haitians living in the Dominican Republic.source
  • 1939WWII: Germany annexes Western Poland.source
  • 1939Radio Basarabia starts broadcasting.source
  • 1941WWII: In their invasion of the Soviet Union, Germany reaches the Sea of Azov, with the capture of Mariupol (Ukraine).source
  • 1941four police officers and three civilians are shot and killed at Kowhitirangi, near Hokitika, by Stanley Grahamsource
  • 1944The Adventures of Ozzie and Harriet radio show debuts in the United States.source
  • 1951October 3–8 – Korean War: First Battle of Maryang-san – United Nations (primarily Australian) forces drive back the Chinese.source
  • 1952A uranium plant operated by West Rand Consolidated Mines, the first in the world to extract uranium as a by-product of the gold refining process, opens at Millsite near Krugersdorp.source
  • 1952Three trains collide in the Harrow and Wealdstone rail crash near London, England, killing 112 people and injuring 340 people, making it the worst rail disaster in the UK since the 1915 Quintinshill rail disaster.source
  • 1954A sightseeing boat Uchigo Maru capsized due to overcrowding in Lake Sagami, Kanagawa Prefecture, 22 junior high school students perished, according to Japanese government confirmed report.source
  • 1956Baseball pitcher Don Larsen of the New York Yankees throws the only perfect game in World Series history, in Game 5 of the 1956 World Series against the Brooklyn Dodgers. Yogi Berra catches the game. Dale Mitchell is the final out. The New York Yankees win the series in seven games. Larsen is named series MVP.source
  • 1958Gen Ayub Khan who took over the country as Chief Martial Law Administrator yesterday, today made his first broadcast from the radio station in Karachi (and is feared to have developed a dislike for its Director Z.A. Bukhari).source
  • 1962Spiegel affair: German magazine Der Spiegel publishes an article revealing NATO criticism of the Bundeswehr (West German defence forces)' poor preparedness; a political scandal erupts.source
  • 1964Odd Emil Ingebrigtsen, politician.source
  • 1965The 7 Fundamental Principles of the Red Cross and Red Crescent are adopted at the XX International Conference in Vienna, Austria.source
  • 1965Indonesian mass killings of 1965–1966: The Indonesian army instigates the arrest and execution of communists which last until next March.source
  • 1970Soviet author Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn is awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature.source
  • 1971September 27–October 11 – Japanese Emperor Hirohito travels abroad.source
  • 1972A major breakthrough occurs in the Paris peace talks between Henry Kissinger and Lê Đức Thọ.source
  • 1978Australia's Ken Warby sets the current world water speed record of 317.6 mph (511.13 km/h) at Blowering Dam, Australia.source
  • 1981Tropical Storm Lidia strikes 23 mi south of Los Mochis, with winds of 45 mph (75 km/h). Heavy rainfall associated with the cyclone caused moderate damage in northwestern Mexico, and at least seventy-three deaths can be attributed to the storm.source
  • 1982Poland bans the Solidarity trade union after having suspended it on December 13, 1981.source
  • 1984Bart Vos claims to be the first Dutchman to have climbed Mount Everest.source
  • 1987Gaddafi announces that Algeria and Libya have "agreed in principle" to a proposed union of the two states, which Gaddafi suggests should be named "Algibya."source
  • 1987November 8 – The 1987 Cricket World Cup is held in India and Pakistan with Australia defeating England in the final.source
  • 1989October 1–13 – Typhoons Angela (Rubing), Dan (Saling), and Elsie (Tasing) impact the country in two weeks.source
  • 1990Israeli–Palestinian conflict: In Jerusalem, Israeli police kill 17 Palestinians and wound over 100 near the Dome of the Rock mosque on the Temple Mount.source
  • 1990Globalization: The first McDonald's restaurant is opened in Mainland China in Shenzhen, near Hong Kong. Since 1979, Shenzhen has been a Special economic zone.source
  • 1990The inauguration of the current Taipei City Council building at Xinyi District, Taipei.source
  • 1994October 2 – 16 – The Philippines participates in the 1994 Asian Games held in Hiroshima, Japan from October 2 to 16, 1994. It Ranks 14th with three gold medals, two silver medals and eight bronze medals with a total of 13 over-all medals.source
  • 1997Ghana marks World Disaster Day.source
  • 2000Koronadal becomes a component city in the province of South Cotabato through ratification of Republic Act 8803.source
  • 20012001 Linate Airport runway collision: A twin-engine Cessna and Scandinavian Airlines jetliner collide in heavy fog during takeoff from Milan, Italy, killing 118 people.source
  • 2001Hurricane Iris hits Belize, causing $250 million (2001 USD) in damage.source
  • 2004Suicide bombers detonate two bombs at the Red Sea resort of Taba, Egypt, killing 34 people and injuring 171, mostly Israeli tourists.source
  • 2005The 7.6 Mw Kashmir earthquake strikes Azad Kashmir, Pakistan and nearby areas with a maximum Mercalli intensity of VIII (Severe), killing more than 86,000 people and displacing several million more.source
  • 20062006 Southeast Asian hazesource
  • 20072007 Burmese anti-government protests: Burma's junta announces that Buddhist monasteries have accepted US$8000 as well as food and medicine from its soldiers to signify the armed forces have not left the faith.source
  • 20092009 Sulawesi superbolidesource
  • 2010October 3–14 – 2010 Commonwealth Games takes place in Delhi, India.source
  • 2017A refugee boat carrying Rohingya fleeing Myanmar for Bangladesh capsizes at the Bay of Bengal, killing 12.source
  • 2018The IPCC releases its Special Report on Global Warming of 1.5 °C, warning that "rapid, far-reaching and unprecedented changes in all aspects of society" are needed to ensure that global warming is kept below 1.5 °C.source
  • 2019About 200 Extinction Rebellion activists block the gates of Leinster House (parliament) in the Republic of Ireland.source
  • 2019An altercation between Chinese and Taiwanese diplomats during a reception at the Grand Pacific hotel in Suva leaves one Taiwanese official in hospital. The incident is seen as a spilling over of diplomatic tensions between the two governments over their respective influences across the Pacific.source
  • 2021October 8–October 9 – The 2021 Czech legislative election is held, with the main opposition coalition alliance of SPOLU and Pirates and Mayors gaining a legislative majority.source
  • 2021October 6–October 10 – The 2021 UEFA Nations League Finals is held in Italy, and is won by France. They were originally scheduled for 2–6 June 2021, but were moved following the rescheduling of UEFA Euro 2020 to June and July 2021 due to the COVID-19 pandemic.source
  • 20222022 Russian invasion of Ukraine: An explosion occurs on the Crimean Bridge connecting Crimea and Russia, killing three and causing a partial collapse of the only road bridge between the Crimean Peninsula and the Russian mainland. Two days later, retaliatory missile strikes are conducted by Russia across Ukraine, the most widespread since the start of the invasion, notably including attacks on Kyiv.source
  • 2023Israel's Security Cabinet formally declares war for the first time since the Yom Kippur War in 1973.source
  • 2025Russian president Vladimir Putin arrives in Dushanbe for a three-day state visit and a summit meeting with CIS leaders.source
  • 2025A Eurocopter AS350 B2 helicopter of the Ecuadorian Army crashes near La Merced de Buenos Aires, San Miguel de Urcuquí Canton, injuring the four occupants on board.source

Births

  • 1150Narapatisithu, ruler of the Pagan Kingdom (died 1211)source
  • 1170Vladimir III Igorevich, Kievan prince (died 1211)source
  • 1485Antonio Pucci, Italian Catholic cardinal (died 1544)source
  • 1515Margaret Douglas, daughter of Archibald Douglas (died 1578)source
  • 1551Giulio Caccini, Italian composer (died 1618)source
  • 1553Jacques Auguste de Thou, French historian (died 1617)source
  • 1585Heinrich Schütz, German composer (died 1672)source
  • 1609John Clarke, English physician (died 1676)source
  • 1720Geneviève Thiroux d'Arconville, French novelist, translator and chemist (died 1805)source
  • 1747Jean-François Rewbell, French politician (died 1807)source
  • 1752Grímur Jónsson Thorkelin, historian and secret archivist.source
  • 1774Teis Lundegaard, farmer, shipowner, politician and representative at the Norwegian Constituent Assembly (died 1856)source
  • 1789William Swainson, English naturalist, artist (died 1855)source
  • 1807Harriet Taylor, English philosophical writer (died 1858)source
  • 18228 October (in France): Francis Dillon Bell, politician.source
  • 1838John Hay, diplomat, private secretary to Abraham Lincoln, 37th United States Secretary of State (died 1905)source
  • 1864Kikunae Ikeda, chemist (died 1936)source
  • 1890Eddie Rickenbacker, American race car driver and World War I fighter pilot (died 1973)source
  • 1895Juan Perón, two-time President of Argentina (died 1974)source
  • 1919Teruo Nakamura, soldier, last Japanese holdout.source
  • 1941Jesse Jackson, African-American clergyman, civil rights activist and presidential candidate (died 2026)source
  • 1955Bill Elliott, American racing driversource
  • 1958Ursula von der Leyen, German politician, President of the European Commissionsource
  • 1970Sadiq Khan, British politician; 3rd Mayor of London (2016–present)source
  • 1980Günther von Hundelshausensource
  • 2013Bonneval, Thoroughbred racehorsesource

Deaths

  • 701Prince Yide (Li Chongrun), prince of the Tang dynasty, probable forced suicide (born 682)source
  • 705Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan, Muslim caliph (born 646)source
  • 705Caliph Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan dies in his winter resort at Al-Sinnabra (Palestine), after a 20-year reign. During his rule, the financial administration of the Umayyad Caliphate has been reorganized. Arab coins have replaced former Byzantine and Sassanian coins, and regular postal service has been established between Damascus and the provincial capitals. Abd al-Malik is succeeded by his son Al-Walid I.source
  • 923Pilgrim I, archbishop of Salzburgsource
  • 951Xiao Sagezhi, Chinese Khitan empresssource
  • 976Helen of Zadar, queen of Croatiasource
  • 1060Hugh V, French noblemansource
  • 1149Al-Hafiz, caliph of the Fatimid Caliphatesource
  • 1203Minamoto no Ichiman, Japanese nobleman (born 1198)source
  • 1203Hiki Yoshikazu, Japanese warrior and noblemansource
  • 1216Az-Zahir Ghazi, Ayyubid ruler of Alepposource
  • 1216Az-Zahir Ghazi, Ayyubid ruler of Aleppo, dies after a 23-year reign. He is succeeded by his 3-year-old son Al-Aziz Muhammad. Because of his young age, Toghril becomes Al-Aziz's regent or guardian (atabeg).source
  • 1281Constance of Greater Poland, Polish princess (born 1245)source
  • 1286John I (the Red), English nobleman and knightsource
  • 1299Jakuen, Japanese disciple and scholar (born 1207)source
  • 1317Fushimi, Japanese emperor and calligrapher (born 1265)source
  • 1354Cola di Rienzo, self-proclaimed "tribune" of Rome, is killed by an angry mob.source
  • 1354Cola di Rienzo, Roman tribune (born c. 1313)source
  • 1361John Beauchamp, 3rd Baron Beauchamp, Warden of the Cinque Portssource
  • 1436Jacqueline, Countess of Hainaut, Dutch sovereign (born 1401)source
  • 1469October 8/10 – Filippo Lippi, Italian artist (born 1406)source
  • 1546The Fourteen of Meaux, French Huguenots found guilty of heresy for practicing the Protestant faith and rejecting Catholicim, are burned at the stake in front of the ruins of the first Reformed Church of France.source
  • 1580Hieronymus Wolf, German historian (born 1516)source
  • 1594Ishikawa Goemon, Japanese ninja and thief (born 1558)source
  • 1639Frances Howard, Duchess of Richmond, British duchess (born 1578)source
  • 1647Christian Sørensen Longomontanus, Danish astronomer (born 1562)source
  • 1652John Greaves, English mathematician and antiquarian (born 1602)source
  • 1656John George I, Elector of Saxony (born 1585)source
  • 1699Mary Beale, English portrait painter (born 1633)source
  • 1699October 8 (buried) – Mary Beale, portrait painter (born 1633)source
  • 1735Yongzheng Emperor of Qing China (born 1678)source
  • 1754Henry Fielding, English novelist and dramatist known for his earthy humour and satire (born 1707)source
  • 1772Jean-Joseph de Mondonville, French violinist, composer (born 1711)source
  • 1793John Hancock, American businessman and patriot, signer of the Declaration of Independence (born 1737)source
  • 1793John Hancock, businessman, smuggler, statesman, patriot and signatory of the Declaration of Independence (born 1737)source
  • 1803Vittorio Alfieri, Italian dramatist, poet (born 1749)source
  • 1820Henri Christophe, Haitian revolutionary leader (suicide) (born 1767)source
  • 1842Francisco del Paso y Troncoso, historian and Nahuatl scholar was born in Veracruz, Veracruz (died 1916)source
  • 1869Franklin Pierce, 64, 14th President of the United States (born 1804)source
  • 1895Queen Min, queen consort of Joseon (Korea), is assassinated at her private residence within Gyeongbokgung Palace by Japanese agents.source
  • 1895Empress Myeongseong (Queen Min), last Korean empress (assassinated) (born 1851)source
  • 1919Carlos Meléndez Ramírez (born 1861)source
  • 1931John Monash, Australian general (born 1865)source
  • 1967Guerrilla leader Che Guevara and his men are captured in Bolivia; they are executed the following day.source
  • 1967Clement Attlee, British politician, 60th Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (born 1883)source
  • 1987During a shootout that took place between Israeli security forces and four armed Islamic Jihad guerrillas in the Gaza Strip, all four guerrillas were killed, as well as one Shin Bet officer. The incident sparks unrest among Palestinians.source
  • 1992Willy Brandt, 78, German politician, Chancellor (1969–1974), and Nobel Prize recipient (1971), colon cancer.source