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August 22 in history

200 sourced entries recorded on August 22, from 55 BCE to 2025 CE. Every line is quoted from the revision it came from.

Events

  • 55 BCEAugust 22 or August 26 – Julius Caesar commands his first invasions of Britain, likely a reconnaissance-in-force expedition, in response to the Britons giving military aid to his Gallic enemies. Caesar retreats back to Gaul when the majority of his force is prevented from landing by storms.source
  • 392Arbogast nominates Eugenius, Roman teacher of rhetoric, as the next emperor of the Western Roman Empire. He sends ambassadors to Theodosius's court asking for his recognition.source
  • 408Stilicho is accused of treason against Honorius and is decapitated at Ravenna. His Hun bodyguard is killed; mass murders of Vandal soldiers follow.source
  • 564Columba reports seeing the Loch Ness Monster at the River Ness (according to the "Life of St. Columba").source
  • 1040August 22–23 – Battle at Brůdek: Duke Bretislav I of Bohemia defeats the German forces under King Henry III ("the Black") in the Bohemian Forest.source
  • 1138Battle of the Standard: King David I of Scotland gives his full support to Matilda (daughter of the late King Henry I), and invades the north of England – travelling as far south as Lincolnshire. The Scottish army (some 15,000 men) is defeated by English forces under Earl William le Gros in Yorkshire. David retreats to Carlisle and reassembles an army.source
  • 1169August 21–23 – At the Battle of the Blacks, Saladin crushes a rebellion by Sudanese forces (50,000 men) of the Fatimid army, along with a number of Egyptian emirs and commoners. He never again has to face a military uprising from Cairo.source
  • 1191Richard I leads the Crusader forces (some 15,000 men) out of Acre and marches south along the coast, being closely supported by the Crusader fleet, carrying most of the supplies. Meanwhile, Saladin has given his son Al-Afdal orders to remain close to the Crusader rearguard under Hugh III, and strengthens the Muslim garrison both in Jerusalem and Ascalon with 20,000 men each. Richard advances at an unexpectedly slow pace and decides to make camp near Haifa – which Saladin has dismantled shortly before the fall of Acre.source
  • 1297Edward I of England leads an expedition to Flanders. He moves with an army (some 8,000 men) supported by 800 knights to Ghent and makes the city his base of operations in Flanders.source
  • 1307Walter Reynolds, Bishop of Worcester, becomes the new Lord High Treasurer for Edward II, replacing Walter Langton, Bishop of Coventry. The next day, Henry Ludgershall is made the new Chamberlain of the Exchequer.source
  • 1371Brabant is unexpectedly defeated by the Duchy of Jülich at the Battle of Baesweiler.source
  • 1422Use of the Spanish era dating system (which begins counting from 38 BC rather than from 1 AD, and thus refers to the year 1422 as "1460") ends as the Kingdom of Portugal, last on the Iberian peninsula to continue the style of dating, goes to Anno Domini dates.source
  • 1437Portugal's disastrous Tangier expedition to attack Morocco begins as Prince Henry the Navigator and more than 6,000 troops (3,000 knights, 2,000 infantry, 1,000 archers) sail from the port of Belém toward Africa and the Portuguese colony of Ceuta. They arrive at Ceuta five days later.source
  • 1444Đurađ Branković reclaims Serbia from Ottoman control after the signing of the peace of Szeged, and Wladyslaw of Hungary offers the throne of Bulgaria to John Hunyadi.source
  • 1454In Moldavia, Petru Aron retakes the throne from Alexăndrel.source
  • 1464Sultan Mehmed II abandons the siege of Jajce after the Hungarian defenders have resisted for more than six weeks. The Sultan makes his decision after learning that King Mátyás I of Hungary has mobilized troops to come to the fortresses defense.source
  • 1471King Afonso V of Portugal conquers the Moroccan town of Arzila.source
  • 1471Vladislav Jagellion is crowned as King of Bohemia at Prague.source
  • 1524Protestant theologians Martin Luther and Andreas Karlstadt dispute at Jena.source
  • 1531Battle of Obertyn: The Moldavians are defeated by Polish forces under Jan Tarnowski, allowing the Poles to recapture Pokucie.source
  • 1543The city of Nice is captured by the Ottomans and Barbarossa after a long bombardment. The Ottomans pillage the city and take away 2,500 captives to be sold into slavery.source
  • 1552The wedding between the King and Catherine Stenbock.source
  • 1558In Spain, Bartolomé Carranza, the Roman Catholic Archbishop of Toledo, is arrested at Torrelaguna on orders of the Grand Inquisitor, Fernando de Valdés y Salas. Carranza is brought a prisoner to Valladolid to face accusations of heresy. He remains in prison for eight years before being transferred to Rome for the Pope to hear his appeal.source
  • 1563Danish occupation of Älvsborg.source
  • 1567The Duke of Alba is sent to the Netherlands with a strong Spanish force, to suppress unrest there. He replaces Margaret of Parma as Governor of the Netherlands. Prince William of Orange is outlawed, and Lamoral, Count of Egmont imprisoned.source
  • 1582Raid of Ruthven: a political conspiracy of Presbyterian nobles abduct the King.source
  • 1587A small group of nobles who oppose Sigismund Vasa as King vote to proclaim Maximilian III, Archduke of Austria, as ruler of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, a decision supported by the Primate of Poland, Stanisław Karnkowski. The divide begins the War of the Polish Succession.source
  • 1621Huguenot rebellions: Louis XIII besieges the city of Montauban, but is forced to abandon the battle by November 9.source
  • 1628Danish forces were defeated in the Battle of Wolgastsource
  • 1631The Treaty of Werben is signed as an alliance between Hesse-Cassel and Sweden.source
  • 1632Eighty Years' War: A Dutch army, led by Frederick Henry, Prince of Orange, captures the city of Maastricht after a two-month siege.source
  • 1632Fall of Maastricht: Brabantine lordship of the city lost to the Dutch Republic; the Prince-Bishop of Liège retains his share in the lordship.source
  • 1633First of the published weekly conferences on subjects of interest arranged by Théophraste Renaudot in Paris.source
  • 1638Franco-Spanish War (1635–1659): The Battle of Getaria is fought between the navies of France and Spain, with the French sinking all 17 Spanish Navy ships and killing 2,000 Spanish sailors and officers.source
  • 1639The British East India Company buys a strip of land from King Peda Venkata Raya of the Vijayanagara Empire for the construction of Fort St. George, the first settlement of British India, so founding modern-day Chennai, capital city of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu (celebrated as Madras Day).source
  • 1642First English Civil War begins when King Charles I raises the royal battle standard over Nottingham Castle, so declaring war on his own Parliament.source
  • 1647Battle of Triebl: Imperial forces defeat the Swedes in a surprise attack in Bohemia.source
  • 1647During the Battle of Triebl, Imperial forces defeat the Swedes in a surprise attack in Bohemia.source
  • 1654Jewish arrival in New Amsterdam: 23 Sephardic Jews arrive as refugees from Brazil and settle in New Amsterdam, forming the nucleus of what will be the second largest urban Jewish community in history, that of New York City, and of Congregation Shearith Israel, the first synagogue in North America.source
  • 1696Forces of the Republic of Venice and the Ottoman Empire clash near Andros.source
  • 1711The Quebec Expedition, a British attempt to attack Quebec as part of Queen Anne's War, fails when 8 of its ships are wrecked in the Saint Lawrence River and 890 people, mostly soldiers, drown.source
  • 1711the Quebec Expedition, a British attempt to attack the city of Quebec as part of Queen Anne's War, fails when 8 of its ships are wrecked in the Saint Lawrence River and 850 soldiers drown, one of the worst disasters in British history up to this date.source
  • 1713Voting begins in the 1713 British general election in various constituencies and continues to November 12source
  • 1717Spanish troops arrive on the island of Sardinia, at this time a part of the Holy Roman Empire, beginning the conquest of the island, completed by October 30.source
  • 174122 August–14 September – George Frideric Handel composes the oratorio Messiah in London to a libretto compiled by Charles Jennens, completing the "Hallelujah Chorus" on 6 September. It receives a private rehearsal in Chester in November while Handel is en route to Dublin.source
  • 177022 August (23 August by Cook's log) – Captain Cook determines that New Holland (Australia) is not contiguous with New Guinea and claims the whole of its eastern coast for Great Britain, later naming it all New South Wales.source
  • 1770August 22 (August 23 by Cook's log) – First voyage of James Cook: Captain Cook determines that New Holland (Australia) is not contiguous with New Guinea, and claims the whole of its eastern coast for Great Britain, later naming it all New South Wales.source
  • 1777American Revolutionary War – The Siege of Fort Stanwix is ended by withdrawal of British forces, following a ruse by Benedict Arnold to persuade them that a much larger force is arriving.source
  • 1791Galloway Association of Glasgow founded as the Glasgow Galloway Brotherly Society.source
  • 1795French Revolution: The Constitution of the Year III is ratified by the National Convention.source
  • 1795Constitution of the Year III enacted, establishing the Directory.source
  • 1798French troops land at Kilcummin in County Mayo to assist the Irish Rebellion.source
  • 1798French troops land at Kilcummin in County Mayo to assist the Irish rebellion.source
  • 1810August 20–27 – Battle of Grand Port: The French defeat a Royal Navy frigate squadron attempting to blockade a harbour on Isle de France (Mauritius).source
  • 1814The Active arrives in Sydney.source
  • 1816August 12–24 – The Treaty of St. Louis, between the United States and the Council of Three Fires tribes, is signed in St. Louis.source
  • 1817The town of Araraquara, Brazil, is founded.source
  • 1822The English ship Orion lands at Yerba Buena on the North American west coast of Mexico, under the command of William A. Richardson. The area is later acquired by the U.S. and becomes the site of San Francisco.source
  • 1822English ship Orion lands at Yerba Buena, later named San Francisco, under the command of William A. Richardsonsource
  • 1822The English ship Orion lands at Yerba Buena, modern-day San Francisco, under the command of William A. Richardson.source
  • 1825The National Mexican Rite is created in Mexico City.source
  • 1829August 15–22 – Cincinnati riots of 1829.source
  • 1845Hans Christian Lumbye's Champagne Galop premières in Tivoli Gardens to mark the second anniversary of the amusement park.source
  • 1846The Second Federal Republic of Mexico is established.source
  • 1846President Salas decrees the 1824 Constitution of Mexico in effect again.source
  • 1851The yacht America wins the first America's Cup race, off the coast of England.source
  • 1851The yacht America of the New York Yacht Club wins the first America's Cup race, off the coast of England.source
  • 1852Franco-Belgian conventions on intellectual property and tariffs.source
  • 1855The Roman Catholic St Mary's Cathedral, Killarney, is consecrated.source
  • 1860Assisted by the British Navy, the troops of Giuseppe Garibaldi cross from Sicily to the Italian mainland.source
  • 1861August 20–22 – The first modern Welsh National Eisteddfod takes place in Aberdare.source
  • 1864The First Geneva Convention, for the Amelioration of the Condition of the Wounded in Armies in the Field, is signed in Geneva by 12 European states, under the auspices of the International Committee for Relief to the Wounded (predecessor of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement).source
  • 1866Chincha Islands War: Action of 22 August 1866source
  • 1866SS Ottawa departs from Copenhagen as the first emigration ship between Copenhagen and New York City.source
  • 1868The Yangzhou riot in China targets a station of the China Inland Mission, and nearly leads to war between Britain and China.source
  • 1872The Australian Overland Telegraph Line is completed, providing a telegraphic link between Australia and the rest of the world for the first time.source
  • 1872The Australian Overland Telegraph Line is completed when two telegraph lines are joined at Frew's Ponds in the Northern Territory (then South Australia).source
  • 1884The Sino-French War (for control of Tonkin) breaks out (continues to April 1885).source
  • 1888Earliest evidence of a death and injury by a meteorite, in Sulaymaniyah, Iraq.source
  • 1894The Natal Indian Congress is founded by Mahatma Gandhi.source
  • 1902Theodore Roosevelt becomes the first American President to ride in an automobile, a Columbia Electric Victoria through Hartford, Connecticut.source
  • 1902A 7.7 earthquake shakes the border between China and Kyrgyzstan killing 10,000 people.source
  • 1905The sinking of the Japanese ferry Kinjo Maru kills 160 people after the British ship HMS Baralong collides with it in the Sea of Japan.source
  • 1910The Japan–Korea Treaty of 1910, by which the Empire of Japan formally annexes the Korean Empire, is signed (it becomes effectively void in 1945, which is formally recognised in 1965).source
  • 1910Japan–Korea Treaty of 1910: Japan formally annexes Korea. The treaty was proclaimed to the public (and became effective) on August 29, 1910, officially starting the period of Japanese rule in Korea.source
  • 1911the Official Secrets Act 1911 comes into effect.source
  • 1920August 13–25 – Polish–Soviet War: Battle of Warsaw – The Red Army is defeated.source
  • 1920August 19–25 – Second Silesian Uprising: The Poles in Upper Silesia rise up against the Germans.source
  • 1920The Salzburg Festival in Austria is inaugurated as a regular event.source
  • 1922Fifth Palestine Arab Congress held in Nablus.source
  • 1923Fires at the Waterford offices of the Waterford News and Sinn Féin.source
  • 1926In Greece, Georgios Kondylis ousts Theodoros Pangalos.source
  • 1927200 people demonstrate in Hyde Park, London, against the death sentences on Italian American anarchists Sacco and Vanzetti. Other protests are held across the world at this time.source
  • 1928Al Smith accepts the Democratic nomination for the US presidential election, with WGY/W2XB simulcasting the event on radio and television.source
  • 1932Potempa murder: The five SA men involved in the torture and murder of Konrad Pietrzuch are quickly convicted and sentenced to death under the new law introduced by the Papen government. The Potempa case becomes a cause célèbre in Germany, where some maintain the death sentences are appropriate given the brutality of the torture and murder, whilst Nazis demonstrate for amnesty for the "Potempa five" on the grounds they are patriotic heroes, justified in killing the Communist Pietrzuch, and should not be executed. Hitler sends a telegram congratulating the five and they are released from jail in 1933 after he becomes Chancellor of Germany.source
  • 1936August 19–24 – Trial of the Sixteensource
  • 1942President Getúlio Vargas signs the declaration of war against Germany and Italy.source
  • 1944Men from Tyrone and Fermanagh form an Anti-Partition League in Dublin.source
  • 1944Tsushima Maru, an unmarked Japanese passenger/cargo ship, is sunk by torpedoes launched by the submarine USS Bowfin off Akuseki-jima, killing 1,484 civilians, including 767 schoolchildren.source
  • 1948August 10–23 – The Herrenchiemsee convention prepares the draft for the Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany.source
  • 1948Order in Council for the implementation of the De Taeye Act.source
  • 1949Queen Charlotte earthquake: Canada's largest earthquake since the 1700 Cascadia earthquakesource
  • 1950France announces the introduction of a government-guaranteed minimum wage.source
  • 1950The Immaculate Heart of Mary Seminary is founded in Tagbilaran City, Philippines.source
  • 1950August 22 – August 30 - Rail workers strike shuts down much of the Canadian economysource
  • 1951A magnitude 5.1 inland earthquake with the epicenter in Gjirokastër Municipality hits Southern Albania.source
  • 1952The most damaging aftershock of the 1952 Kern County earthquake sequence strikes with a moment magnitude of 5.8, and a maximum Mercalli intensity of VIII (Severe). This event damages several hundred buildings in Bakersfield, California, with total additional losses of $10 million, with two associated deaths and some injuries.source
  • 1953The last prisoners are repatriated from Devil's Island to France.source
  • 1962Petit-Clamart attack: An assassination attempt is made against French President Charles de Gaulle by machine-gunning his car in the Paris suburbs. The mastermind, Jean Bastien-Thiry, will later be executed.source
  • 1963American test pilot Joe Walker again achieves a sub-orbital spaceflight according to international standards, this time by piloting the X-15 to an altitude of 67.0 miles (107.8 kilometers).source
  • 1964Goalkeeper Derek Forster of Sunderland becomes the youngest-ever player to play in the English Football League, aged 15 years and 185 days.source
  • 1966Frontier Tea Product Manufacturing, as predecessor of Ito En founded in Shizuoka City.source
  • 1966The United Farm Workers Organizing Committee (UFWOC), predecessor of the United Farm Workers of America (UFW), is formed.source
  • 1966The Asian Development Bank (ADB) is established.source
  • 1968August 22–30 – 1968 Democratic National Convention protests: Police clash with anti-Vietnam War protesters in Chicago outside the 1968 Democratic National Convention, which nominates Hubert Humphrey for U.S. president and Edmund Muskie for vice president. The riots and subsequent trials are an essential part of the activism of the Youth International Party.source
  • 1971President Marcos suspends the Writ of Habeas Corpussource
  • 1972Rhodesia is expelled by the International Olympic Committee for its racist policies.source
  • 1978Sandinistas seize the Nicaraguan National Palace.source
  • 1981The crash of Far Eastern Air Transport Flight 103 over Taipei.source
  • 1987The Parliament of Zimbabwe votes to eliminate the 20 seats reserved for the white minority.source
  • 1987The renaming of Environmental Protection Bureau to become the Environmental Protection Administration.source
  • 1996August 16–25: Five athletes from Armenia competed at the 1996 Summer Paralympics.source
  • 1999China Airlines Flight 642 crashed at Hong Kong International Airport resulting in 3 fatalities and over 200 people getting injured.source
  • 2002August 22–September 4 – Typhoon Rusa, the most powerful typhoon to hit South Korea in 43 years, makes landfall, killing at least 236 people.source
  • 2003The Brazilian VLS-1 launcher explodes on the launchpad on August 22, killing 21 people.source
  • 2004Armed robbers steal Edvard Munch's The Scream, Madonna, and other paintings from the Munch Museum in Oslo, Norway.source
  • 2006Pulkovo Aviation Enterprise Flight 612 crashes near the Russian border in Ukraine, killing all 170 people on board.source
  • 2006Pulkovo Aviation Enterprise Flight 612, a scheduled passenger flight operated by Saint Petersburg-based airline Pulkovo Aviation Enterprise, flying from Anapa Airport to Pulkovo Airport in Saint Petersburg, crashes in Donetsk Oblast, near the Russian border, killing all 170 people on board.source
  • 2007The U.S. Campaign for Burma claims that Myanmar's military government has arrested at least nine leaders of the pro-democracy 88 Generation Students.source
  • 2010August 14–26 – Lithuania achieved 19th place in 2010 Summer Youth Olympics with 5 medal (3 golden and 2 bronze)source
  • 2011August 20–28 – Libyan rebels take control of the capital Tripoli, effectively overthrowing the government of Muammar Gaddafi.source
  • 2023Former Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawatra returns to Thailand after 15 years of political exile.source
  • 2024The world's second largest diamond, measuring 2,492 carats, is discovered at the Karowe mine owned by Lucara Diamond.source
  • 2024Burundi reports 171 new mpox cases, raising the total case count in the country to 572 cases.source
  • 2025Famine is confirmed in Gaza City for the first time after the UN-backed body responsible for monitoring food security raises its classification to Phase 5, the highest and worst level. The IPC says more than 500,000 people are now facing "starvation, destitution and death".source
  • 2025September 27 – The 2025 Women's Rugby World Cup is held in, and is won by, England.source

Births

  • 1412Frederick II, Elector of Saxony and Margrave of Meissen (1428–1464) and Landgrave of Thuringia (1440–1445) (died 1464)source
  • 1485Beatus Rhenanus, German humanist and religious reformer (died 1547)source
  • 1570Franz von Dietrichstein, German Catholic bishop (died 1636)source
  • 1630Guy Aldonce de Durfort de Lorges, French noble, soldier (died 1702)source
  • 1647Denis Papin, French inventor (died 1713)source
  • 1658John Ernest IV, Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld (died 1729)source
  • 1679Pierre Guérin de Tencin, French cardinal (died 1758)source
  • 1727Johann Joseph Gassner, German priest (died 1779)source
  • 1760Pope Leo XII, (born Annibale Francesco Clemente Melchiore Girolamo Nicola Sermattei della Genga), Italian priest (died 1829)source
  • 1773Aimé Bonpland, French explorer, botanist (died 1858)source
  • 1862Claude Debussy, French composer (died 1918)source
  • 1877Ananda Coomaraswamy, Ceylonese Tamil philosopher (died 1947)source
  • 1880George Herriman, American cartoonist (died 1944)source
  • 1904Deng Xiaoping, Chinese communist leader (died 1997)source
  • 1920Ray Bradbury, American science fiction writer (died 2012)source
  • 1928Karlheinz Stockhausen, German composer (died 2007)source
  • 1957Steve Davis, British snooker playersource

Deaths

  • 251Zhen, Chinese empress of the Cao Wei statesource
  • 408Stilicho, Roman generalsource
  • 415Sigeric, king of the Visigoths, assassinatedsource
  • 851Battle of Jengland: Duke Erispoe takes command of the Breton forces after his father Nominoe, king of Brittany, dies. He continues an offensive against the Franks in alliance with Lambert II of Nantes. In Ille-et-Vilaine near Grand-Fougeray (Brittany), Erispoe defeats a Frankish-Saxon army (4,000 men) led by King Charles the Bald.source
  • 1071Lambert II Suła, archbishop of Krakówsource
  • 1155The 16-year-old Emperor Konoe dies after a 14-year reign. He is succeeded by his brother Go-Shirakawa as the 77th emperor of Japan.source
  • 1155Konoe, emperor of Japan (born 1139)source
  • 1167Relindis of Hohenburg, French abbesssource
  • 1280Pope Nicholas III (born 1218)source
  • 1285Philip Benizi, Italian monk and religious leader (born 1233)source
  • 1301Giacomo Bianconi, Italian priest and scholar (born 1220)source
  • 1338William II, Duke of Athens (born 1312)source
  • 1350Philip VI of France (born 1293)source
  • 1358Isabella of France, queen consort of Edward II of England (born 1295)source
  • 1387Olaf, King of Norway and Denmark and claimant to the throne of Sweden, dies. The vacant thrones come under the regency of his mother Margaret I of Denmark, who will soon become queen in her own right.source
  • 1425Eleanor, Princess of Asturias (born 1423)source
  • 1485John Howard, 1st Duke of Norfolk (born 1430) — killed in the Battle of Bosworth Fieldsource
  • 1485King Richard III of England (born 1452) — killed in the Battle of Bosworth Fieldsource
  • 1485William Brandon, supporter of Henry VII (born 1456) — killed in the Battle of Bosworth Fieldsource
  • 1485At the Battle of Bosworth Field, King Richard III of England is killed in battle by the soldiers of Rhys ap Thomas and Sir William Stanley, in the service of Henry Tudor, Earl of Richmond. With the death of King Richard, the Yorkist troops retreat. King Richard's remains will lie undiscovered for 517 years until 2012when they are found during the excavation of a parking lot in Leicester.source
  • 1485James Harrington, Yorkist knight — killed in the Battle of Bosworth Fieldsource
  • 1523Lucien Grimaldi, Lord of Monaco, is assassinated by his nephew at the Prince's Palace. Bartolomeo Doria di Dolceaqua, the son of Lucien's sister Francesca, kills his uncle and then has his men drag the monarch's body down the palace stairs in front of a horrified crowd, who drive the Doria family out of the small principality. Lucien had become the ruler in 1505 after stabbing to death his brother, Jean II. Lucien's heir is his 8-month-old son, Honoré; Lucien's brother Augustine Grimaldi becomes the regent during Honoré's minority.source
  • 1532William Warham, Archbishop of Canterbury (born 1450)source
  • 1545Charles Brandon, 1st Duke of Suffolk, English politician and husband of Mary Tudor (born c. 1484)source
  • 1553John Dudley, 1st Duke of Northumberland (born 1502; executed)source
  • 1584Jan Kochanowski, Polish writer (born 1530)source
  • 1599Luca Marenzio, Italian composer (born 1553)source
  • 1602Abu'l-Fazl ibn Mubarak, the prime minister for India's Mughal Emperor Akbar, is assassinated at Narwar as part of a plot by Emperor Akbar's son, Prince Salim, who will later succeed Akbar as Emperor Jahangir. Abu'l-Fazl's killer, Vir Singh Bundela, sends the victim's severed head to Prince Salim as proof of the plot's success.source
  • 1607Bartholomew Gosnold, English explorer and privateer (born 1571)source
  • 1652Jacob De la Gardie, Swedish soldier and statesman (born 1583)source
  • 1652Jacob De la Gardie, soldier and politician (born 1583)source
  • 1681Philippe Delano, Dutch Plymouth Colony settler (born 1602)source
  • 1694Maria Sofia De la Gardie, industrialist (born 1627)source
  • 1700Carlos de Sigüenza y Góngora, Mexican academic (born 1645)source
  • 1701John Granville, 1st Earl of Bath, English royalist statesman (born 1628)source
  • 1752William Whiston, English mathematician (born 1667)source
  • 1752William Whiston, mathematician (born 1667)source
  • 1763Ivar Jónsson and Ólöf Jónsdóttir were executed for incest and hidden childbirth. This was the last execution carried out for incest in Iceland.source
  • 1797Dagobert Sigmund von Wurmser, Alsatian-born Austrian general (born 1724)source
  • 1806Jean-Honoré Fragonard, French painter (born 1742)source
  • 1818Warren Hastings, English Governor-General of India (born 1732)source
  • 1823Lazare Carnot, French general, politician and mathematician (born 1753)source
  • 1903Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (born 1830)source
  • 1904Kate Chopin, American author (born 1850)source
  • 1922Irish Civil War: General Michael Collins is assassinated in West Cork.source
  • 1922Michael Collins, Irish republican, revolutionary, and Chairman of the Provisional Government (assassinated) (born 1890)source
  • 1985British Airtours Flight 28M: The 737's left engine catches fire while on its takeoff roll at Manchester Airport in the UK and 55 people are killed while trying to evacuate the aircraft.source