/year

June 18 in history

228 sourced entries recorded on June 18, from 618 CE to 2023 CE. Every line is quoted from the revision it came from.

Events

  • 618The Sui dynasty ends: Rebel leader Li Yuan captures Luoyang, and has Emperor Yángdi murdered. He proclaims himself emperor Gao Zu and establishes the Tang dynasty, one of the most notable dynasties in Chinese history, which will last for almost 300 years.source
  • 860Byzantine–Rus' War: A fleet of about 200 Rus' vessels sails into the Bosphorus, and starts pillaging the suburbs of Constantinople. The raiders set homes on fire, and drown and kill the citizens. Unable to do anything to repel the invaders, Patriarch Photios I urges his flock to implore the Theotokos to save the Byzantine capital. Having devastated the suburbs, the Rus' Vikings pass into the Sea of Marmara and attack the Isles of the Princes, plundering the local monasteries.source
  • 908Xu Wen murders Zhang Hao and takes over as Yang Longyan's regent, and sole commander of the imperial guard. He becomes de facto ruler of the Wu Kingdom.source
  • 991June 17 – 18: The royal council of Saint-Basle de Verzy is marked by opposition between the bishops and the monks. Gerbert d'Aurillac is elected as the deposed Arnulf's successor as the Archbishop of Reims, to the anger of Pope John XV, who had no involvement in the decision.source
  • 1053Battle of Civitate: Norman horsemen (3,000 men), led by Humphrey of Hauteville, count of Apulia and Calabria, rout the combined forces under Pope Leo IX, in Southern Italy. The Normans destroy the allied Papal army and capture Leo, who is imprisoned (as a hostage for 8 months) in Benevento.source
  • 1155King Frederick Barbarossa is crowned as Holy Roman Emperor by Pope Adrian IV at St. Peter's Basilica in Rome.source
  • 1156Pope Adrian IV comes to terms, and signs the Treaty of Benevento. He recognises the suzerainty of William I as ruler of Sicily and Italy.source
  • 1178Five monks from Canterbury see what is possibly the Giordano Bruno crater being formed.source
  • 1178Five monks from the Canterbury Abbey report the appearance of a flaming torch spewing hot coals and sparks from the upper portion of the crescent moon.source
  • 1179Battle of Kalvskinnet: Norwegian forces led by King Sverre Sigurdsson defeat and kill Earl Erling Skakke, outside Nidaros in Norway. The battle changes the tide of the civil wars.source
  • 1264The Parliament of Ireland meets at Castledermot in County Kildare, the first definitely known meeting of this Irish legislature.source
  • 1265A draft Byzantine–Venetian treaty is concluded between Venetian envoys and Emperor Michael VIII Palaiologos, but is not ratified by Doge Reniero Zenosource
  • 1280Battle of al-Jassora: Syria attempts to secede from the Mamluk Sultanate of Egypt, but Al Mansur Qalawun defeats the rebels and keeps Syria within the Egyptian sultanate.source
  • 1303Scottish nobles Edmund Comyn and Simon Fraser lead an invasion from Dumfriesshire in Scotland, crossing the border into England at Cumberland and laying waste to Carlisle and its surrounding area.source
  • 1318The arranged marriage of 6-year-old Joan of Burgundy and 12-year-old Philip of Navarre is held as part of a contract for Joan and Philip to eventually become the co-monarchs of Navarre. The two will succeed to the monarchy in 1328.source
  • 1320Treaty of Baena: Sultan Ismail I of Granada signs an 8-year truce with Castile at Baena. King James II of Aragon, who receives papal authorization and funds for a crusade against the Emirate of Granada refuses to accept the treaty. Both parties promise to aid one another against their respective enemies. Meanwhile, Ismail consolidates the territories formally under his control with the emirate.source
  • 1375In Spain, the eldest son of Henry II of Castile, Prince Juan of Trastámara marries the daughter of King Pedro of Aragon, Princess Leonor of Aragon as part of a peace agreement between the Kingdom of Castile and the Kingdom of Aragon. The marriage takes place at Soria, a town on the Douro river, the border between the two kingdoms. Juan will become King of Aragon in 1379 and Leonor the Queen consort.source
  • 1376Saint Catherine of Siena, now the Roman Catholic patron saint of Italy, visits Pope Gregory XI in Avignon in France, to attempt to persuade him to make peace with Florence, and move the Papacy back to Rome.source
  • 1429Battle of Patay: French forces under Joan of Arc smash the English forces under Lord Talbot and Sir John Fastolf, forcing the withdrawal of the English from the Loire Valley.source
  • 1429At the Battle of Patay the English are beaten forcing them to withdraw from the Loire Valley.source
  • 1449Mary of Guelders arrives in Scotland at Leith after being escorted from the Duchy of Burgundy to Scotland following her selection by Lord Crichtonsource
  • 1450Battle of Solefields (Sevenoaks): Jack Cade's rebels are driven from London by loyal troops.source
  • 1452Pope Nicholas V issues the bull Dum Diversas, legitimising the colonial slave trade.source
  • 1463The free imperial city of Rottweil, part of the Holy Roman Empire and now a part of Germany, becomes an associate state of the Swiss Confederacy.source
  • 1464Pope Pius II himself shoulders the cross of the Crusades, and departs for Ancona to participate in person. He names Skanderbeg general captain of the Holy See, under the title Athleta Christi. This plan forces Skanderbeg to break his ten-year peace treaty with the Ottomans signed in 1463, by attacking their forces near Ohrid.source
  • 1525Henry VIII of England appoints his six-year-old illegitimate son Henry FitzRoy Duke of Richmond and Somerset.source
  • 1538Truce of Nice: Peace is declared between Emperor Charles V and Francis I of France.source
  • 1538The formal wedding of Mary of Guise and King James V of Scotland takes place at St Andrews Cathedral.source
  • 1541by the Crown of Ireland Act, the Parliament of Ireland, meeting in Dublin, declares King Henry VIII of England and his heirs to be Kings of Ireland, replacing the Lordship of Ireland with the Kingdom of Ireland.source
  • 1542The Parliament of Ireland passes the Crown of Ireland Act, which dissolves the title of Lord of Ireland and reestablishes it to the Kingdom of Ireland, with its last Lord, Henry VIII of England, becoming its first king.source
  • 1542Crown of Ireland Act 1542 is enacted, ending the Lordship of Ireland and creating the Kingdom of Ireland.source
  • 1557Mass executions by burning at the stake resume in England for Protestants convicted of heresy under the law of England's Catholic ruler, Queen Mary I. On the first day, four women and three men are put to death at Maidstone at Kent. The next day, at Canterbury, another seven prisoners are burned. On June 22, ten more people (six men and four women) burn at the stake at Lewes at Sussex. In all, 24 people (12 men and 12 women) are killed in a five-day periodsource
  • 1576In the Battle of Haldighati in India, Mughal Imperial forces, led by Man Singh I of Amer, decisively defeat the Mewar Kingdom led by Maharana Pratap.source
  • 1583In England, the first known life insurance policy is issued. The Royal Exchange of London accepts a premium from William Gibbons, agreeing to pay a group of 30 beneficiaries a total of £383, 6s. 8d if he dies on or before June 17, 1584. Gibbons dies on May 29, 1584, and the Royal Exchange refuses to pay until a court rejects the insurer's argument that a month is actually four weeks or 28 days.source
  • 1588Sailing across the South Atlantic Ocean towards England, near the end of their voyage around the world, Thomas Cavendish and his East India Company fleet stumble across the Portuguese-controlled island of Saint Helena. While Saint Helena has been under the control of Portugal for 80 years, England had been unaware of its existence.source
  • 1602Nine Years' War (Ireland): Dunboy Castle in Ireland is taken by the English after 143 Irish defenders had withstood an 11-day siege by more than 4,000 English soldiers under the command of Sir George Carew. Of the 143 soldiers, who had been loyal to Donal Cam O'Sullivan Beare, 85 are killed in the siege, and the 58 survivors are hanged after the English victory.source
  • 1625The English Parliament refuses to vote Charles I the right to collect customs duties for his entire reign, restricting him to one year instead.source
  • 1628Albert de Ligne, Prince of Barbançon, invested as a Knight of the Golden Fleece.source
  • 1633Charles I is crowned King of Scots at St Giles' Cathedral, Edinburgh, according to Anglican rite in his first visit to Scotland since early childhood, although he has been Scottish monarch since 1625.source
  • 1639The Treaty of Berwick is signed between Charles I and the Scots.source
  • 1639On the same day, the first battle of the Bishops' Wars is fought by Earl Marischal and the Marquess of Montrose when they lead a Covenanter army of 9,000 men past Muchalls Castle over the Causey Mounth to fight at the Bridge of Dee in Scotland.source
  • 1668Petro Doroshenko is proclaimed by the Russian Empire as the hetman of all of Ukraine, after having previously been granted leadership of the western half. Ivan Briukhovetsky, who had ruled the eastern half and then led an uprising, is executed on the same day.source
  • 1675Battle of Fehrbellinsource
  • 1711King Louis XIV becomes the longest-reigning monarch in the world, surpassing the previous record of 68 years set by Kʼinich Janaabʼ Pakal in 683. As of 2022, Louis XIV still holds this record.source
  • 1719Stopping Dagenham Breach by Capt. John Perry is completed.source
  • 1719Captain John Perry fixes the Dagenham Breach of the River Thames in England.source
  • 1746Samuel Johnson is contracted to write his A Dictionary of the English Language.source
  • 1746Samuel Johnson is contracted to write his A Dictionary of the English Language.source
  • 1757Seven Years' War: Battle of Kolín – Frederick is defeated by an Austrian army under Marshal Daun, forcing him to evacuate Bohemia.source
  • 1776General Burgoyne finds that the Continental Army has evacuated St. Johns.source
  • 1779American Revolutionary War: In response to Iroquois and Loyalist attacks, the U.S. launches the Sullivan Expedition with the aim of destroying enemy Iroquois settlements in what is now central New York.source
  • 1781The county of Lindenborg is established by Heinrich Carl von Schimmelmann from the manors of Lindenborg, Gudumlund, Vildmosegaard, Tiendegården, Henriksdal, Louisendal and Thoruphedegård.source
  • 1782In Switzerland, Anna Göldi is sentenced to death for witchcraft (the last legal witchcraft sentence).source
  • 1789In a government coup, Ferdinand von Trauttmansdorff, Joseph II's minister in Brussels, decrees the abolition of the Council of Brabant, the States of Brabant, and the Joyous Entry.source
  • 1794June 17 - June 26 – Battle of Fleurus: The Austrians and their allies are defeated by France, leading to the loss of the Austrian Netherlands.source
  • 1798The first of the four Alien and Sedition Acts, the Naturalization Act of 1798, is signed into law by U.S. President Adams, requiring immigrants to wait 14 years rather than five years to become naturalized citizens of the United States. On June 25, another law is signed authorizing the imprisonment and deportation of any non-citizens deemed to be dangerous.source
  • 1799June 17–19 - Battle of Trebbia (1799)source
  • 1799French Revolutionary Wars: Action of 18 June 1799 – A French frigate squadron, under Rear-admiral Perrée, is captured by the British fleet under Lord Keith, off Toulon.source
  • 1811The Welsh Calvinistic Methodists leave the established Church of England by ordaining their own ministers in Bala, North Wales.source
  • 1812The United States declaration of war upon the United Kingdom begins the War of 1812 between the U.S., Britain and Canada.source
  • 1814improved navigation of River Shannon between Limerick and Killaloe opens.source
  • 1815Napoleonic Wars: Battle of Waterloo – Allied forces led by Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington, and Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher decisively, and this time permanently, defeat Napoleon.source
  • 1815Battle of Waterloo: Ensign Charles Ewart of the Royal Scots Greys captures the French Imperial Eagle standard.source
  • 1815Henry Paget, 1st Marquess of Anglesey, famously loses a leg at the Battle of Waterloo. General Thomas Picton is killed in the same battle.source
  • 1816A riot breaks out on Wimbledon Common after inaccurate newspaper reports that a military review will commemorate the first anniversary of the Battle of Waterloo. After a drunken crowd sets fire to the heath, cavalry are called in to disperse them.source
  • 1816causeway, bridge and sluice across Loch Fleet at The Mound, designed by Thomas Telford, completed.source
  • 1817Henry Perry, a former member of the Republican Army of the North, is defeated near Coleto Creek after leading a force to capture Presidio La Bahía.source
  • 1817Waterloo Bridge opens in London.source
  • 1820The Governor, Earl of Dalhousie, arrives.source
  • 1822The Wellington Monument is inaugurated close to the Duke's London residence Apsley House on the seventh anniversary of his victory at Waterloo.source
  • 1822Greek War of Independence: Konstantinos Kanaris blows up the Ottoman navy's flagship at Chios, killing the Kapudan Pasha Nasuhzade Ali Pasha.source
  • 1827James Stirling establishes the Fort Wellington settlement at Raffles Bay, on the Cobourg Peninsula, Northern Territory.source
  • 1835An underground explosion at Wallsend Colliery kills 102.source
  • 1836Belgium adopts metric system.source
  • 1837Spanish Constitution of 1812 was repealed, and is replaced by the Spanish Constitution of 1837source
  • 1840Maria massacre: British brigantine Maria is wrecked off South Australia. All 26 passengers and crew make it to the shore but none survive the trek to safety over the following two weeks, most being massacred by Aboriginal Australians.source
  • 1840June 12–23 – The World Anti-Slavery Convention is organised by the British and Foreign Anti-Slavery Society, at Exeter Hall in London, England. Arguments over the exclusion of women from the convention have important ramifications for the movement for women's suffrage in the United States.source
  • 1842Education in Sweden: A primary school system is established in Sweden.source
  • 1849The Stuttgart Rump Parliament, made up of the remaining 154 mostly democratic and republican deputies of the Frankfurt National Assembly who moved there in early June, is dissolved by Württemberg military. Most of the liberal and conservative deputies of the National Assembly had already laid down their mandates in May under pressure of the Austrian and Prussian governments.source
  • 1849António Bernardo da Costa Cabral, 1st Marquis of Tomar took over as prime minister after João Carlos Saldanha de Oliveira Daun, 1st Duke of Saldanhasource
  • 1850Opening of the South Wales Railway between Chepstow and Swansea.source
  • 1850paddle steamer Orion sinks off Portpatrick through the negligence of her master with the loss of 50 lives.source
  • 1859Aletschhorn, the second summit of the Bernese Alps, is first ascended.source
  • 1862The liberalization of the Swedish economy is completed by the law of free commerce of 1864; all privileges and monopolies of the guilds are abolished, all manners of trade, craftsmanship, industries and other businesses are liberalized and allowed to be practiced freely in both the cities and the countryside by all citizens, regardless of gender, who are either of legal majority or of legal minors who have been given permits of their legal guardians.source
  • 1864The Decree of Extended Freedom of Trade introduces complete freedom of trade in Sweden.source
  • 1864The Decree of Extended Freedom of Trade introduce complete freedom of trade in Sweden: unmarried women are granted the same rights within trade and commerce as men.source
  • 1870Affligem Abbey, closed in 1796, refounded.source
  • 1871The Universities Tests Act 1871 removes restrictions which have previously limited access to Oxford, Cambridge and Durham universities to members of the Church of England.source
  • 1872A derailment occurs in the Pencader Tunnel on the Carmarthen & Cardigan Railway.source
  • 1873Alice Vickery passes the Royal Pharmaceutical Society's examination, becoming the first qualified female pharmacist in the U.K.source
  • 1875The Dublin whiskey fire in Ireland leaves 13 people dead and causes more than €6 million worth of damage.source
  • 1878Posse Comitatus Act signed into law to limit the powers of the federal government of the United States in using the United States Army to enforce domestic policy within the U.S.source
  • 1881The League of the Three Emperors is resurrected.source
  • 1885Clifton Hall Colliery disaster: an explosion kills 178 in Salford.source
  • 1887The Reinsurance Treaty is closed between Germany and Russia.source
  • 1894Britain establishes a protectorate over Uganda.source
  • 1895The establishment of National Taiwan University Hospital.source
  • 1896The New York Telephone Company is formed, succeeding the Metropolitan Telephone and Telegraph Company, to control telephone service within New York City.source
  • 1897Kyoto University is officially established in Japan.source
  • 1897establishment of Kyoto University under the name Kyoto Imperial University.source
  • 1898The recently reformed new administration of Antonio di Rudinì resigns.source
  • 1899The Federación Libre de Trabajadores is created in Puerto Rico as a resistance movement against the United States.source
  • 1901British peace campaigner Emily Hobhouse reports on the high mortality and cruel conditions in the Second Boer War concentration camps.source
  • 1901Emily Hobhouse reports on the high mortality and cruel conditions in the Second Boer War concentration campssource
  • 1905A coal mine explosion in Russia kills 500 employees at the Ivan Colliery at Kharsisk.source
  • 1909The strangled body of missionary Elsie Sigel is discovered in a trunk in New York City's Chinatown.source
  • 1910June 14–23 – Edinburgh Missionary Conference is held in Scotland, presided over by John Mott, launching the modern ecumenical movement and the modern missions movement.source
  • 1913The Arab Congress of 1913 opens, during which Arab nationalists meet to discuss desired reforms under the Ottoman Empire.source
  • 1914June 12–18 – Greek genocide: Ottoman Greeks in Phocaea are massacred by Turkish irregular troops.source
  • 1919The second most popular football club in Costa Rica, Liga Deportiva Alajuelense, is founded.source
  • 1921June 15 – 29-year-old African American Bessie Coleman obtains her pilot's licence in France and becomes the first black woman to have a pilot's licence.source
  • 1923Mount Etna erupts in Italy, making 60,000 homeless.source
  • 1923Mount Etna erupts in Italy, making 60,000 homelesssource
  • 1928June 17 – 18 – Aviator Amelia Earhart becomes the first woman to make a successful transatlantic flight, as a passenger in a Fokker F.VIIb/3m piloted by Wilmer Stultz, from Newfoundland to Wales.source
  • 1928Amelia Earhart lands near Burry Port, becoming the first woman passenger on a Transatlantic flight.source
  • 1934The Indian Reorganization Act is enacted.source
  • 1935Anglo-German Naval Agreement: Britain agrees to a German navy equal to 35% of her own naval tonnage.source
  • 1940Winston Churchill tells the House of Commons of the United Kingdom: "The Battle of France is over. The Battle of Britain is about to begin... if the British Empire and its Commonwealth last for a thousand years, men will still say, This was their finest hour."source
  • 1940Appeal of 18 June: General Charles de Gaulle, de facto leader of the Free French Forces, makes his first broadcast appeal over Radio Londres from London, rallying the French Resistance, calling on all French people to continue the fight against Nazi Germany: "France has lost a battle. But France has not lost the war."source
  • 1941The German–Turkish Treaty of Friendship is signed between Nazi Germany and Turkey, in Ankara.source
  • 1944Ailo Gaup, Sámi shaman and authorsource
  • 1948Columbia Records introduces its 33 1/3 rpm long playing phonograph format.source
  • 1951The Bărăgan deportations, during which 44,000 residents from Caraș-Severin, Mehedinți, and Timiș counties are deported. Of those, 2,000 die.source
  • 1953Egypt declares itself a republic.source
  • 1953Tachikawa air disaster: A United States Air Force Douglas C-124 Globemaster II crashes just after takeoff from Tachikawa Airfield near Tokyo, Japan, killing all 129 people on board in the worst air crash in history up to this time, and the first with a confirmed death toll exceeding 100.source
  • 1953Tachikawa air disaster - 129 die after a United States Air Force Douglas C-124 Globemaster II crashes shortly after taking off from Tachikawa Airfield.source
  • 1954Pierre Mendès France becomes prime minister of France.source
  • 1959The film The Nun's Story, based on the best-selling novel, is released. Audrey Hepburn stars as the title character; she later says that this is her favorite film role. The film is a box-office hit, and is nominated for several Oscars.source
  • 1960Jaguar Cars completes its purchase of the Daimler Company from BSA. Daimler Cars would later become rebadged Jaguars.source
  • 1966CIA chief William Raborn resigns; Richard Helms becomes his successor.source
  • 19691969 Balkans Cup: Albania is defeated by Romania 3-1 at Stadionul Ion Oblemenco (1967), Craiovasource
  • 1971Southwest Airlines, a low-cost carrier, begins its first flights between Dallas, Houston and San Antonio.source
  • 1972West Germany beats the Soviet Union 3–0 in the final to win Euro '72.source
  • 1972Staines air disaster: 118 die when a British European Airways Trident 1 jet airliner crashes two minutes after takeoff from London Heathrow Airport.source
  • 1972June 14–23 – Hurricane Agnes kills 117 on the U.S. East Coast.source
  • 1972Hong Kong's worst flooding and landslides in recorded history with 653.2 mm of rainfall in the previous three days. 67 people die due to building collapses in Mid-levels districts landslide and building collapses, with a further 83 due to flooding-related fatalities. It is the second worst fatality due to building collapses, and the worst flooding in Hong Kong's recorded history.source
  • 1978The Karakoram Highway is completed.source
  • 1979Jimmy Carter and Leonid Brezhnev sign the SALT II agreement in Vienna.source
  • 1979June 9–23 – The 1979 Cricket World Cup is held in England with West Indies defeating England in the final.source
  • 1981The Organization of Eastern Caribbean States is founded.source
  • 1981The Lockheed F-117 Nighthawk Stealth Fighter makes its first flight at Groom Lake (Area 51), Nevada.source
  • 1982Argentine military dictator Leopoldo Galtieri resigns in the wake of his country's defeat in the Falklands War.source
  • 1983Iranian teenager Mona Mahmudnizhad and nine other women are hanged because they are members of the Baháʼí Faith.source
  • 1983Sally Ride becomes the first female American astronaut in space when she launches on board Challenger's STS-7 mission together with four male crewmates.source
  • 1983STS-7: Sally Ride becomes the first American woman in space, on the Space Shuttle Challenger.source
  • 1983June 18–19 – The team of Vern Schuppan, Al Holbert and Hurley Haywood wins the 24 Hours of Le Mans.source
  • 1988The Saint Esprit Tunnel in Luxembourg City is officially opened.source
  • 1989In the first Greek legislative election of the year, the Panhellenic Socialist Movement, led by Prime Minister of Greece Andreas Papandreou, loses control of the Hellenic Parliament.source
  • 1990June 17–30 – Nelson Mandela tours North America, visiting 3 Canadian and 8 U.S. cities.source
  • 1990June 17–30 – Nelson Mandela tours North America, visiting three Canadian and eight U.S. cities.source
  • 1992Ireland votes for the Eleventh Amendment of the Constitution of Ireland to accept the Maastricht Treaty with a popular vote of over 69%.source
  • 1993Iraq disarmament crisis: Iraq refuses to allow UNSCOM weapons inspectors to install remote-controlled monitoring cameras at two missile engine test stands.source
  • 1993June 18–20: Tropical Storm Beatriz (1993)source
  • 1995June 14–19 — Budyonnovsk hospital hostage crisissource
  • 1998President of the Republic Arpad Göncz asks Viktor Orban to form the new Government.source
  • 1999The J18 international anti-globalization protests are organized in dozens of cities around the world, some of which led to riots.source
  • 2009NASA launches the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter / LCROSS probes to the Moon, the first American lunar mission since Lunar Prospector in 1998.source
  • 2012Shenzhou 9, a Chinese spacecraft carrying three Chinese astronauts, including the first-ever female, docks manually with orbiting module Tiangong-1, making this the third country, after the United States and Russia, successfully to perform the mission.source
  • 2013The Malian government and Tuareg rebel groups sign a preliminary peace agreement aimed at enabling presidential elections.source
  • 2015Pope Francis releases the encyclical letter Laudato si, dated May 24, 2015.source
  • 2017Iran's Islamic Revolution Guards Corps (IRGC) fire six surface-to-surface mid-range ballistic missiles from domestic bases targeting ISIL forces in the Syrian Deir ez-Zor Governorate in response to the terrorist attacks in Tehran earlier this month.source
  • 2017June 2017 Bamako attacksource
  • 20223 July: Lesotho at the 2022 Commonwealth Gamessource

Births

  • 1269Eleanor of England, English princess (died 1298)source
  • 1294June 18 or June 19 – Charles IV of France (died 1328)source
  • 1318Eleanor of Woodstock, English princess and regent (died 1355)source
  • 1332John V Palaiologos, Byzantine Emperor (died 1391)source
  • 1466Ottaviano Petrucci, Italian music printer (died 1539)source
  • 1511Bartolomeo Ammannati, Florentine architect and sculptor (died 1592)source
  • 1517Emperor Ōgimachi, Japanese emperor (died 1593)source
  • 1579Afonso Mendes, Patriarch of Ethiopia (died 1659)source
  • 1667Ivan Trubetskoy, Russian field marshal (died 1750)source
  • 1757Gervasio Antonio de Posadas, Argentine leader (died 1833)source
  • 1769Robert Stewart, Viscount Castlereagh, British statesman, diplomat, and soldier (suicide 1822)source
  • 1884Édouard Daladier, Prime Minister of France (died 1970)source
  • 1886George Mallory, English climber (died 1924)source
  • 1942Paul McCartney, English musician and composersource
  • 1944Salvador Sánchez Cerén, politiciansource
  • 1962Mitsuharu Misawa, Japanese professional wrestler (died 2009)source
  • 1966Bounlap Khenkitisack, footballersource
  • 1984Ahmed Saad Al Rashidisource
  • 2005Adyla Rafa Naura Ayu, actress & singer.source
  • 2018Lena Elizabeth Tindall, daughter of Zara Phillips and Mike Tindallsource

Deaths

  • 741Emperor Leo III ("the Isaurian") dies of dropsy at Constantinople, after a 24-year reign that has saved the Byzantine Empire and delivered Eastern Europe from the threat of an Arab conquest. He is succeeded by his son Constantine V.source
  • 741Leo III, emperor of the Byzantine Empiresource
  • 850Perfecto, a Christian priest in Muslim Córdoba, is executed (beheaded) after he refuses to retract critical comments he made about Muhammad.source
  • 908Zhang Hao, Chinese generalsource
  • 1095Sophia of Hungary, duchess of Saxonysource
  • 1164Elisabeth of Schönau, German abbesssource
  • 1179Erling Skakke, Norwegian nobleman (born 1115)source
  • 1228Mathilde of Bourbon, French noblewoman (born 1165)source
  • 1234Chūkyō, emperor (tennō) of Japan (born 1218)source
  • 1291Alfonso III (or II; "the Liberal"), king of Aragon (born 1265)source
  • 1313John de Burgh ("John Burke"), Irish nobleman and knight (born 1286)source
  • 1333Henry XV, Duke of Bavaria (born 1312)source
  • 1448Elizabeth de Beauchamp, Baroness Bergavenny, English baroness (born 1415)source
  • 1464Rogier van der Weyden, Flemish painter (born 1399 or 1400)source
  • 1505Osanna of Mantua, Italian Dominican tertiary and blessed (born 1449)source
  • 1529James FitzGerald, 10th Earl of Desmond died in Dingle.source
  • 1585Jacques de Savoie, Duke of Nemours, French nobleman and soldier (born 1531)source
  • 1588Robert Crowley, London stationer (born 1517)source
  • 1616Thomas Bilson, English bishop (born 1547)source
  • 1629Piet Pieterszoon Hein, Dutch naval officer (born 1577)source
  • 1650Christoph Scheiner, German astronomer (born 1573 or 1575)source
  • 1673Jeanne Mance, French Canadian settler (born 1606)source
  • 1697Gregorio Barbarigo, Italian Catholic saint (born 1625)source
  • 1739Charles Frederick, Duke of Holstein-Gottorp, Swedish nobleman (born 1700)source
  • 1742John Aislabie, British politician (born 1670)source
  • 1749Ambrose Philips, English poet (born 1675)source
  • 1772Gerard van Swieten, Dutch-born Austrian physician (born 1700)source
  • 1772Gerard van Swieten, 72, Dutch-Austrian physiciansource
  • 1815Sir Thomas Picton, British general (born 1758) — killed at the Battle of Waterloosource
  • 1817Leonard Neale, American Catholic bishop (born 1746)source
  • 1818At least 34 people are killed in Switzerland, when the melting of a glacier releases the natural dam of Lac de Mauvoisin, sending the waters of the lake and the Dranse River into the valley of Bagnes.source
  • 1835William Cobbett, English journalist, author (born 1763)source
  • 1846Abdollah Mirza Dara, Iranian poet and Qajar prince.source
  • 1858Rani of Jhansi, Indian queen of Jhansi and independence activist (born 1828)source
  • 1858The Queen of Jhansi, Rani Lakshmibai, dies at 30 at Gwalior, having been mortally wounded in combat against the British.source
  • 1902Samuel Butler, British author (born 1835)source
  • 1925Robert M. La Follette, American politician (born 1855)source
  • 1928Roald Amundsen, Norwegian polar explorer (aviation accident) (born 1872)source
  • 1936Maxim Gorky, Russian writer (born 1868)source
  • 1958Douglas Jardine, English cricketer (born 1900)source
  • 1958Lambert Schaus is appointed to the European Commission, with responsibility for Transport, replacing Michel Rasquin, who died in April.source
  • 1974Georgy Zhukov, Soviet Army marshal and Minister of Defence (born 1896)source
  • 2018XXXTentacion, 20, American rapper ("Look at Me", "Jocelyn Flores", "Sad!"), shot.source
  • 2020Jules Sedney, economist and politician (born 1922).source
  • 2023Titan submersible implosion: All five crew members of Titan, a deep-sea submersible exploring the wreck of the Titanic, are killed following a catastrophic implosion of the vessel.source