Economy & Finance in the 20th century

1,171 sourced entries, 1900 CE to 1999 CE, oldest first. Also see Economy & Finance across every century or everything else in the 20th century.

1900February 27 – Charles Semlin is dismissed as premier of British Columbia.Canada source
1900March 15 – The Gold Standard Act is ratified, placing United States currency on the gold standard.United States source
1900The federal government doubles the head tax on Chinese immigrantsCanada source
1900The Adler automobile company is established.Germany source
1900Top New Zealand stakes earner: AdvanceNew Zealand source
1900Niels Mathiesen, politician and merchant (born 1829)Norway source
1900The Banco Hispano Americano is formed.Spain source
1900Associated Portland Cement Manufacturers formed by the amalgamation of 24 cement companies.United Kingdom source
1901February 25 – U.S. Steel is incorporated by industrialist J. P. Morgan, as the first billion-dollar corporation.source
1901February 25 – U.S. Steel, the first billion-dollar corporation and at some time the world's largest producer of steel, is incorporated by industrialist J. P. Morgan.United States source
190131 March – National census. 26% of the Scottish population live in Glasgow or Edinburgh.Scotland source
1901May 17 – Panic of 1901: The New York Stock Exchange crashes.source
1901November 30 – Finance Minister Paolo Carcano announces a surplus of 41,000,000 lire (US$7,800,000) for the past financial year and anticipated a surplus of 13,000,000 lire for 1901–02. Italy is the only great power in Europe in a good financial position.Italy source
1901Splošno slovensko žensko društvo, the first women's organisation in Slovenia, is founded.source
1901AB Lux, as the predecessor of Electrolux, founded in Sweden.source
1901The Bulgarian Women's Union is founded.source
1901The 1901 Canadian census took place, having a large focus on the labour force, income, and wage class.Canada source
1901The Barry's Tea company was founded in Cork.Ireland source
1901New Zealand rejects the proposal to become a state in the Commonwealth of AustraliaNew Zealand source
1901Imperial Tobacco founded by W. H. Wills.United Kingdom source
1901Gomer Berry and William Ewart Berry co-found Advertising World.Wales source
1902January – Venezuela Crisis of 1902–03: Kaiser Wilhelm II of Germany declares a delay to any blockade due to the outbreak of another civil war in Venezuela (led by financier Manuel Matos) which raised the possibility of a more amenable government.Venezuela source
1902February 18 – U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt prosecutes the Northern Securities Company for violation of the antitrust Sherman Act.source
1902February 18 – U.S. President Roosevelt prosecutes the Northern Securities Company for violation of the antitrust Sherman Act.United States source
190220 February – The Federation of Icelandic Cooperative Societies is founded.Iceland source
190226 March – The Prinetti Decree is approved by the Italian General Commissariat of Emigration suspending emigration to Brazil of all Italians not paying their own passage. The decree was named after the then Italian foreign affairs minister, Giulio Prinetti, and approved based on a report denouncing the terrible living conditions experienced by Italian immigrants who had become virtual serfs on the coffee plantations in the state of São Paulo, with no medical care, no school for their children, small houses, no minimum hygiene conditions, and physical violence, even the use of whips.Brazil source
1902March 26 – The Prinetti Decree is approved by the General Commissariat of Emigration suspending emigration to Brazil of all Italians not paying their own passage. The decree was named after the then Italian foreign affairs minister, Giulio Prinetti, and approved based on a report denouncing the poor living conditions experienced by Italian immigrants who had become virtual serfs on coffee plantations, with no medical care, no school for their children, small houses, no minimum hygiene conditions, and physical violence, even the use of whips.Italy source
1902May 1 – Daiwa Securities founded, as predecessor name was Fujimoto Bill Broker Banking in Kitaiama, Osaka.Japan source
1902June 13 – Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing, predecessor of global consumer goods brand 3M, begins trading as a mining venture at Two Harbors in the United States.source
190212 October – Jacob Andreas Michelsen, businessperson and politician (born 1821)Norway source
1902December–February 1903 – Venezuelan crisis: Britain, Germany and Italy sustain a naval blockade on Venezuela, in order to enforce collection of outstanding financial claims. This prompts the development of the Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine.source
1902December–February 1903 – Venezuelan crisis, in which Britain, Germany and Italy sustain a naval blockade on Venezuela to enforce collection of outstanding financial claims. This prompts the development of the Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine.Germany source
1902The capital of French Indochina is moved from Saigon (in Cochinchina) to Hanoi (Tonkin).source
1902De'Longhi home appliance brand is founded in Treviso, Italy.source
1902Daniels Linseed, predecessor of Archer Daniels Midland (ADM), a global livestock, commodities trading, food processing brand, is founded in Minnesota, United States.source
1903January – An Túr Gloine, the cooperative studio for stained glass, was established by Sarah Purser in Dublin.Ireland source
190312 February – the North British Locomotive Company of Springburn in Glasgow is formed by merger of Sharp, Stewart and Company, Neilson, Reid and Company and Dübs and Company. In April it receives its first new order for steam locomotives, from India.Scotland source
1903February 14 – Census Board within the Department of Commerce and Labor (Census Bureau).United States source
190323 April – Budget removes Corn Duty.United Kingdom source
190316 June – German federal election, 1903: The Centre Party remains the largest party in the Reichstag. Shortly after the election, the National-Social Association is dissolved by its leader Friedrich Naumann, and its members join the Free-minded Union.Germany source
190330 July-6 August – 2nd Congress of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party in Brussels.Belgium source
1903Unknown date – Kagome was founded, as predecessor name was Aichi Tomato Food Processing in Tokai, Aichi Prefecture.Japan source
1903Forming of the Central Employers' Association (SAF)Sweden source
190411 June - Henry Paget, 5th Marquess of Anglesey, is declared bankrupt; from 29 July sales of his assets at Plas Newydd (Anglesey) begin.Wales source
190418 August – Chris Watson resigns as the first Labor prime minister and is succeeded by George Reid of the Free Trade Party.Australia source
190421 August – Fremad Valby is founded.Denmark source
1904September: The Canterbury Steam Shipping Co is founded in Christchurch.New Zealand source
1904October 17 – Amadeo Giannini founds the Bank of Italy in San Francisco, predecessor of the Bank of America.United States source
190421 October – Dogger Bank incident: the Baltic Fleet of the Imperial Russian Navy, heading for the Russo-Japanese War, mistakes British fishing trawlers in the North Sea for Japanese torpedo boats and opens fire, sinking one, and causing serious diplomatic conflict between Russia and Britain.United Kingdom source
190431 October – The Kumbakonam Bank Limited, is incorporated as a limited company (later known as the City Union Bank)India source
1904Global cosmetics companies are founded in Paris (France): Coty, by François Coty, and Garnier, by Alfred Amour Garnier.source
1904Creation of Marionville, Ontario, the only village (for now) that shares the 3 Canadian municipalities.Canada source
1904Unknown date – Hirano Rubber Manufacturing, as predecessor of Toyo Tire was founded.Japan source
1905January 30 – The U.S. Supreme Court renders its unanimous decision in the landmark case of Swift & Co. v. United States, allowing the federal government to regulate monopolies.source
1905January 30 – The Supreme Court renders its unanimous decision in the landmark case of Swift & Co. v. United States, allowing the federal government to regulate monopolies.United States source
1905May 22 – Abdul Hamid II, the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire establishes the Ullah millet for the Aromanians of the empire. For this reason, the Aromanian National Day is sometimes celebrated on this day. The decision is publicly announced the next day, which is more commonly celebrated.source
1905September 1: Kobe Steel has founded.Japan source
1905November 28 – Irish nationalist Arthur Griffith founds Sinn Féin in Dublin, as a political party whose goal is independence for all of Ireland.source
19052 December – Norsk hydro-elektrisk Kvælstofaktieselskab, later known simply as Norsk Hydro, is foundedNorway source
1905December 3 – Foreign Minister Tittoni resigns over his proposal to reduce the duty on Spanish wine in connection with an Italo-Spanish commercial treaty that created turmoil among the rural classes.Italy source
190510 December – David Lloyd George joins the new Liberal Cabinet of Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman as President of the Board of Trade.Wales source
1905Australia loses cricket series to England 0–2Australia source
1905German company Knorr-Bremse is founded.Germany source
1905The National Court is founded.Iceland source
1906February 2 – Prime Minister Alessandro Fortis resigns.Italy source
1906April 18 – Xerox, the global digital office machine brand, is founded in Rochester, New York as the Haloid Photographic Company.source
1906May 29 – Giovanni Giolitti forms a new Cabinet. Giolitti's third government (until December 1909) was known as the "long ministry" (lungo ministero). The strong economic performance and the careful budget management of this government led to currency stability; this was also caused by a mass emigration and especially on remittances that Italian migrants sent to their relatives back home. The 1906–1909 triennium is remembered as the time when "the lira was premium on gold".Italy source
190627 June - Coop Norge is established.Norway source
1906July 14 – Gary, Indiana is founded by the United States Steel Corporation.United States source
1906October 28 – The Union Minière du Haut Katanga, a mining trust, is created in the Belgian Congo.source
190628 October – Union Minière du Haut Katanga incorporatedBelgium source
19066 November – Ole Olsen founds Nordisk Film in Valby, Copenhagen, making it the oldest continuously operating film studio in the world.Denmark source
190613 December – Trade Disputes Act legalises picketing.United Kingdom source
1906The Simplo Filler Pen Company is founded, later to become the Montblanc Company in Germany.source
1906Swedish Commercial Employees' Union is founded.Sweden source
19074 February – Angus & Robertson booksellers is incorporated as a public company.Australia source
1907June 6 – Persil laundry detergent is first marketed by Henkel of Düsseldorf, Germany, the first to combine bleach with detergent commercially.source
1907October 22 – Panic of 1907: A bank run forces New York's Knickerbocker Trust Company to suspend operations.United States source
1907October 24 – A major United States financial crisis is averted when J. P. Morgan, E. H. Harriman, James Stillman, Henry Clay Frick and other Wall Street financiers create a $25,000,000 pool to invest in the shares on the plunging New York Stock Exchange, ending the bank panic of 1907.source
1907October 24 – A major American financial crisis is averted when J. P. Morgan, E. H. Harriman, James Stillman, Henry Clay Frick, and other Wall Street financiers create a $25,000,000 pool to invest in the shares on the plunging New York Stock Exchange, ending the bank panic of 1907, a move which ultimately leads to establishment of the Federal Reserve System.United States source
1907November 11 – Due to financial difficulties in the United States, the stock exchange in Rome, unable to reverse a downward trend, is closed.Italy source
1907Edeka is founded as a purchasing co-operative.Germany source
1907The women's suffrage organisation, the Icelandic Women's Rights Association is founded by Bríet Bjarnhéðinsdóttir.Iceland source
1907Seasoning, food processing, medication brand, Ajinomoto was founded by Saburosuke Suzuki in Kyobashi, Tokyo, as predecessor name was Suzuki Pharmaceutical Manufacturing.Japan source
1907Apologue becomes the first New Zealand-owned horse to win the Melbourne Cup.New Zealand source
1907Hans Georg Jacob Stang, politician and Prime Minister (born 1830)Norway source
1908February – Republican leader Tom Clarke opened a tobacconist shop in Dublin under the name of T. S. Ó'Cléirigh which became a centre for Irish Republican Brotherhood activity.Ireland source
1908February – The Converse Rubber Shoe Company (also known as the Boston Rubber Shoe Company) is formed in Malden, Massachusetts.United States source
19088 April – David Lloyd George becomes Chancellor of the Exchequer, while Winston Churchill enters the Cabinet for the first time, as President of the Board of Trade.United Kingdom source
190819 April – Confédération syndicale belge organization is founded.Belgium source
190813 November – The Australian Labor Party withdraws its support for the minority government of Prime Minister Alfred Deakin, forcing his replacement with Andrew Fisher.Australia source
1908November – The North and South Wales Bank is absorbed into the London City and Midland Bank, bringing an end to banknote issue in Wales.Wales source
190810 December – the National Farmers' Union is founded.United Kingdom source
1908The American Temperance University closes.United States source
1909January 2 - The Qing government dismissed Yuan Shikai.China source
1909April 9 – The Payne–Aldrich Tariff Act is passed in the United States Congress.source
1909April 19 – The Anglo-Persian Oil Company (modern-day BP) is incorporated.source
190926 May – The Protectionist Party and the Free Trade Party merge to form the Fusion Party, led by Alfred Deakin.Australia source
190930 July – Société Française de teintures inoffersires, as predecessor of L'Oréal was founded.France source
1909August 2 – The US Mint releases the 1909-S VDB Lincoln Cent, discontinuing it on August 5 because it shows the initials of engraver Victor David Brenner.United States source
190920 October – the Trade Boards Act, a form of minimum wage legislation, is passed.United Kingdom source
1909Thorvald Meyer, businessperson (born 1818)Norway source
1909Bøicke Johan Rulffs Koren, politician and Minister (born 1828)Norway source
1909The Royal Zoological Society of Scotland is founded by Thomas Haining Gillespie, an Edinburgh lawyer.Scotland source
191031 January – foundation of the All-Russian National Union, a moderate conservative party.Russia source
1910May 5 – In Milan, the General Confederation of Italian Industry (Confederazione generale dell'industria italiana), commonly known as Confindustria, the Italian employers' federation and national chamber of commerce is founded.Italy source
191010 June – Fremad Amager is founded.Denmark source
191019 July – Carl August Gulbranson, businessperson and politician (born 1831)Norway source
1910July 27 — On July 27, Qing Dynasty Government approved the loans from the foreign banks. (Shanghai rubber stock market crisis)China source
191016 September – The Australian Treasury is given authority to issue currency, replacing the use of the British Pound.Australia source
1910November – A confectionery brand Fujiya founded in Yokohama.Japan source
1910Practical Political Economy – Stephen LeacockCanada source
1911January 26 – The United States and Canada announce the successful negotiation of their first reciprocal trade agreement.source
1911April 24 – The 3rd National Congress of the General Confederation of Labour (Confederazione Generale del Lavoro – CGdL), the most important Italian trade union, in Modena, affirms the independence of the trade union movement from party political constraints.Italy source
191126 April – A federal referendum is held containing two questions: one on Trade and Commerce and the other on Nationalisation of Monopolies. Neither is carried.Australia source
1911May 15 – The U.S. Supreme Court declares Standard Oil to be an "unreasonable" monopoly under the Sherman Antitrust Act and orders the company to be dissolved.United States source
1911June 20 – Idemitsu Shokai, as predecessor of Idemitsu Showa Shell Petroleum, founded in Moji, now part of Kitakyushu, Fukuoka Prefecture.Japan source
1911June 23 – Frank C. Mars starts the Mars Candy Factory in Tacoma, Washington, origin of Mars, Incorporated, the global confectionery and pet food brand.source
191116 December – National Insurance Act 1911 passed, providing for (limited) contributory health and unemployment insurance for working people.United Kingdom source
1911Total imports: USD 870,135,289.Belgium source
1911Sir Samuel Kelly founded his family coal merchant business as a limited company with a capital of £50,000, as John Kelly Limited.Ireland source
19111911 Liberal policy focused on decrease in military expenditure. This led to conflict between Staaf and King Gustav V.Sweden source
1912January 11–March 12 – 1912 Lawrence textile strike ("Bread and Roses" strike): Immigrant textile workers in Lawrence, Massachusetts, strike in response to a pay cut corresponding to a new law shortening the working week.United States source
1912February 1 – Strathcona merges with Edmonton, AlbertaCanada source
1912April 30 – Carl Laemmle founds Universal Studios as the Universal Film and Manufacturing Company in the United States.source
19124 July – Emil Stang, jurist, politician and Prime Minister of Norway (born 1834)Norway source
1912July 12 – The United States release of Sarah Bernhardt's film Les Amours de la reine Élisabeth is influential in the development of the movie feature. Adolph Zukor, who incorporates Paramount Pictures on May 8, 1914, launches his company as the distributor.source
19122 August – A Swedish study shows that farm trade has increased so much that other trade is suffering.Sweden source
1912August 25 – The Kuomintang, the Chinese nationalist party, was founded.China source
1912German company Fresenius is founded by Eduard Fresenius.Germany source
1912Bandalag íslenskra skáta was founded.Iceland source
1912Ebara Corporation was founded.Japan source
19131 January – The National Board of Health and Welfare is foundedSweden source
1913January 14 - The London Peace Conference ended as the Balkan states and the Ottoman Empire were unable to reach an agreement in negotiations.source
191315 January – unemployment and maternity benefits introduced.United Kingdom source
1913January – Joseph Stalin travels to Vienna to research his Marxism and the National Question. This means that, during this month, Stalin, Hitler, Trotsky and Tito are all living in the city, as also are Freud and Jung.source
1913March 4 – The U.S. Department of Commerce and U.S. Department of Labor are established, by splitting the duties of the 10-year-old Department of Commerce and Labor. The Census Bureau, U.S. Bureau of Fisheries and U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey form part of the Department of Commerce.source
19131 May — The first national banknotes were introduced in denominations of 10 shillings, and 1, 5, and 10 pounds.Australia source
191326 August – Dublin Lock-out: members of James Larkin's Irish Transport and General Workers' Union employed by the Dublin United Tramways Company began strike action in defiance of the dismissal of trade union members by the chairman, businessman William Martin Murphy.Ireland source
191310 September – Haaken C. Mathiesen, landowner and businessperson (born 1827)Norway source
1913October 3 – The United States Revenue Act of 1913 re-imposes the federal income tax and lowers basic tariff rates from 40% to 25%.United States source
1913December 23 – The Federal Reserve System is created as the central banking system of the United States, by Woodrow Wilson's signature of the Federal Reserve Act.source
1913872,598 Italians leave the country of which 376,776 migrate to the United StatesItaly source
1914April 14 – The city of Irving, Texas, is incorporated.United States source
191424 July – The Buckingham Palace conference ended in failure. Nationalists and Unionists present could not agree in principle or in detail.Ireland source
191431 July – London Stock Exchange closes until 4 January 1915.United Kingdom source
1914August 1 – The New York Stock Exchange is closed because of the outbreak of the war in Europe, where nearly all stock exchanges are already closed.source
19146 August – Currency and Bank Notes Act gives wartime powers of banknote issue to HM Treasury; the first notes, with the signature of John Bradbury, are issued on 7 August. The sovereign rapidly vanishes from circulation.United Kingdom source
1914September 26 – The United States Federal Trade Commission (FTC) is established, by the Federal Trade Commission Act.source
1914September 26 – The U.S. Federal Trade Commission (FTC) is established by the Federal Trade Commission Act.United States source
1914South Africa's government agree to many of the Indians' demands. Discriminatory taxes on Indian traders are abolished, the legality of non-Christian marriages is recognized and the continued immigration of free Indians is permitted.South Africa source
1914November 24 – Benito Mussolini is expelled from the Italian Socialist Party.source
1914November 28 – World War I: Following a war-induced closure in July, the New York Stock Exchange re-opens for bond trading.source
1914December 12 – The New York Stock Exchange re-opens fully, having been closed since August 1, except for bond trading.source
1914Fashion and perfumes company Puig is founded in Barcelona.source
1914Canada suspends the convertibility of the dollar into goldCanada source
1914A. & R. Scott introduce the brand name Scott's Porage Oats.Scotland source
1915January 21 – Kiwanis International is founded in Detroit, Michigan.United States source
1915February 1 – William Fox creates the Fox Film Corporation.source
1915February 1 – Fox Film is founded.United States source
19156 February - Federation of Swedish Farmers is founded.Sweden source
191525 December - Establishment of Varzim S.C.Portugal source
1915Christian Wilhelm Engel Bredal Olssøn, politician and minister (born 1844)Norway source
19164 March – third war budget raises income tax to five shillings in the pound.United Kingdom source
19163 May - Brazilian merchant ship Rio Branco is sunk by a German submarine. Because the ship is in restricted waters and registered under the British flag, and most of its crew is Norwegian, it is not considered an illegal attack by the Brazilian government, despite public protests.Brazil source
191612 June – Whit Monday bank holiday abandoned (rescheduled to 8 August but subsequently abandoned altogether).United Kingdom source
19167 August – August bank holiday abandoned.United Kingdom source
191620 September – The Canterbury (NZ) Aviation Company is established in Christchurch. Henry Wigram is the main instigator. The Company's aims are to train pilots for the war, promote local aviation defence and pioneer commercial aviation.New Zealand source
1916September 29 – John D. Rockefeller becomes the first person to reach a nominal personal fortune of US$1 billionsource
19161 October – Time in Ireland: Dublin Mean Time (25 minutes behind Greenwich Mean Time) was replaced by British time from 2 am today under the terms of the Time (Ireland) Act 1916.Ireland source
1916October 9 – Tokyo Confectionery, as predecessor of Meiji Holdings was founded.Japan source
1916Ishikawajima Automobile Manufacturing, predecessor of Isuzu, a truck brand in Japan, is founded.source
1916A truck brand, Isuzu founded, as predecessor name of Ishikawajima Automobile Manufacturing.Japan source
191720 March – A motion to reduce the salary of the British prime minister by £100 was introduced in the British House of Commons as a protest against the refusal to publish the proceedings of the 1916 Easter Rising courts martial.Ireland source
191711 April – Rasmus Høydahl Ohme, marketer (born 1865)Norway source
1917June 13 – Phillips Petroleum Company incorporated in Oklahoma.United States source
1917July 25 – Sir William Thomas White introduces Canada's first income tax as a "temporary" measure (lowest bracket is 4% and highest is 25%).source
191721 August – most provisions of Corn Production Act 1917 come into force. This guarantees minimum prices for wheat and oats and specifies a minimum wage for agricultural workers.United Kingdom source
1917Gold mining company Anglo American Corporation is founded by Ernest Oppenheimer.South Africa source
1917October 19 – Carl Swartz leaves office as Prime Minister of Sweden, after dismal election results for the right-wing in the Riksdag elections in September. He is replaced by liberal leader and history professor Nils Edén.source
1917Confederation of Salaried EmployeesFinland source
1917German company Viessmann is founded.Germany source
1917Post Office Cash Certificates ActIndia source
1918May 2 – General Motors acquires the Chevrolet Motor Company of Delaware.source
1918May – English industrialist William Lever, Baron Leverhulme, buys the Isle of Lewis.Scotland source
1918July – September – Rice riots: a series of popular disturbances erupt throughout Japan over the precipitous rise in the price of rice causing extreme economic hardship, particularly in rural areas where rice was the main staple of life.Japan source
1918November 4 – Jiu Valley National Council established in Petrozsény (now Petroșani)Hungary source
1918November 25 – Austrian-Hungarian trade agreement: Hungary provides cereals and animals in exchange for paper, medicine and industrial productsHungary source
1918Resona Holdings, as predecessor name was Osaka Nomura Bank (大阪野村銀行).Japan source
1918Tokyu Land (東急不動産), as predecessor name was Denen Toshi Developer.Japan source
1918Hans Mustad, businessperson (born 1837)Norway source
1918Autumn – Edward Thomas John (Liberal MP for East Denbighshire) defects to the Labour Party.Wales source
1919January 8 – Allied economic committee sent by the American mission of Archibald Cary Coolidge arrives to Budapest, led by Alonzo E. TaylorHungary source
1919January 18 – Bentley Motors Limited is founded in England.source
1919February 25 – Oregon places a one cent per US gallon (0.26¢/liter) tax on gasoline, becoming the first U.S. state to levy a gasoline tax.source
191916 March — Société Nationale de Crédit à l'Industrie foundedBelgium source
191924 April - Ford Brasil, a subsidiary of the Ford Motor Company, is founded.Brazil source
1919October 29–November 29 – First Annual Meeting of the International Labour Conference.source
1919Election campaign amidst rising food prices and coal shortages.Italy source
1919December 1 – Toyo Lenoleum, later Toli was founded in Hyogo Prefecture.Japan source
191924 December – The Electrical Trades Union of Australia is federally registered under the Commonwealth Conciliation and Arbitration Act, 1904.Australia source
1919December 26 – American baseball player Babe Ruth is traded by the Boston Red Sox to the New York Yankees for $125,000, the largest sum ever paid for a player at this time, a deal made public at the beginning of January 1920.source
1919Severe inflation in Germany sees the Papiermark rise to 47 marks against the United States dollar by December, compared to 12 marks in April.source
1919Forbo Movement Systems, a manufacturer of conveyor and power transmission belts is founded.Germany source
19198th Congress of the Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks)Russia source
1920January 1 – Kauniainen in Finland, completely surrounded by the city of Espoo, secedes from Espoo as its own market town.source
1920February 1 – The Royal North-West Mounted Police and the Dominion Police are amalgamated and renamed the Royal Canadian Mounted Police.Canada source
192031 March – Charles David Murray is appointed Solicitor General for Scotland, replacing Thomas Brash Morison.Scotland source
192018 May – Johan Henrik Paasche Thorne, businessperson and politician (born 1843)Norway source
1920June 16 – José López Portillo, president of Mexico (1970–1976)Mexico source
1920November 16 – Queensland and Northern Territory Aviation Services (Qantas) is founded by Hudson Fysh and Paul McGinness.source
1920December 13 – Confectionery company Haribo is founded in Bonn, Germany.source
1920December 16 – Bank of Yokohama was founded, as predecessor name was Yokohama Kōshō Bank (横浜興商銀行) in Kanagawa Prefecture.Japan source
192017 December – The authority to issue currency notes is transferred from Treasury on the Australian Notes Board.Australia source
1920Estrela de Vendas Novas foundedPortugal source
1920Depression of 1920–21 (1920–1921)United States source
192114 January – Unemployment stands at 927,000.United Kingdom source
1921January Unknown date – Komatsu Limited was founded, as predecessor name was Komatsu Ironworks.Japan source
1921March 21 – The New Economic Policy starts in Soviet Russia.source
192113 April – Lloyds Bank takes over Fox, Fowler and Company of Wellington, Somerset, the last provincial English bank to issue its own banknotes.United Kingdom source
1921April 15 – "Black Friday" in Britain: transport union members of the 'Triple Alliance' refuse to support national strike action by coal miners.source
1921May 5 – London Schedule of Payments sets out the World War I reparations payable by the German Weimar Republic and other countries considered successors to the Central Powers – 132 billion gold marks ($33 billion), in annual installments of 2.5 billion.source
1921November – Hyperinflation is rampant in Germany, where 263 marks are now needed to buy a single American dollar, more than 20 times greater than the 12 marks needed in April 1919.source
1921December 28 – The Banca Italiana di Sconto goes bust. The bank is granted a moratorium of one year to resolve its financial problems.Italy source
1921Robert Schmidt (SPD), Minister of EconomicsGermany source
1921Gustav Bauer (Social Democratic (SPD)) – vice-chancellor and Minister of the Reich treasuryGermany source
1921Central Committee of the 10th CongressRussia source
1921Depression of 1920–21 (1920–1921)United States source
19222 April – The founding of the agricultural settlement "Ahuza A – New York" (now Ra'anana), named after the founding company.Mandatory Palestine source
1922April 10 – Genoa Conference: The representatives of 34 countries convene to speak in Genoa, Italy about monetary economics, in the wake of World War I.source
1922May 1 – Kinjōtei Bakery, as predecessor of Fuji Bakery was founded in Nagoya.Japan source
1922July – Hyperinflation in Germany means that 563 marks are now needed to buy a single American dollar – more than double the 263 needed eight months before, dwarfing the mere 12 needed in April 1919, and even the 47 needed in December of that year.source
1922Hyperinflation in Germany sees the value of the Papiermark against the dollar rise to 1,000.source
1922October – 3,000 German marks are now needed to buy a single American dollar – triple the figure three months ago due to hyperinflation.source
192230 November – The establishment of Norwegian government-owned alcoholic beverage retailer "Vinmonopolet".Norway source
19221 December – The Aberdeen Press & Journal is first published under this title following a merger.Scotland source
1922December – The year ends with hyperinflation showing no sign of slowing down in Germany, with 7,000 marks now needed to buy a single American dollar.source
1922Wracked by rapid inflation and political assassinations, and motivated by hostility and arrogance as well, the Weimar Republic announces its inability to pay more, and proposes a moratorium on reparations for 3 years.source
1922Johannes Becker (German People's Party (DVP)) – Economics MinisterGermany source
1922Heinrich Albert – Treasury Minister of Germany and Reconstruction Minister of GermanyGermany source
1922Heinrich Brauns (Z) – Labour MinisterGermany source
1922Andreas Hermes (German Centre Party (Z)) – Finance MinisterGermany source
1923March – The inflation rate in New Zealand reaches its lowest recorded value, −15.3 per centNew Zealand source
1923April unknown date – Yamanouchi Pharmaceutical was founded, as predecessor part of Astellas Pharma.Japan source
1923May 23 – Belgium's Sabena Airlines is created.source
192323 May – Sabena is founded at Brussels AirportBelgium source
192323 June – The Societatea Națională de Credit Industrial is founded by the National Bank of Romania to provide credit and financial services to the industry.Romania source
1923July – Hyperinflation in the Weimar Republic (Germany) sees the number of marks needed to purchase a single American dollar reach 353,000 – more than 200 times the amount needed at the start of the year.source
1923August 13 – Gustav Stresemann is named Chancellor of Germany, and founds a coalition government for the Weimar Republic, where hyperinflation means that more than 4,600,000 marks are now needed to buy a single American dollar.source
1923August 18 – The Home Bank of Canada failsCanada source
192315 September – Germany's bank rate is raised to 90% due to hyperinflation. See 1920s German inflation.Germany source
1923October 16 – Roy and Walt Disney found The Walt Disney Company, at this time known as the Disney Brothers Studio.source
192325 October – Sir Walter Lee is defeated in a no-confidence motion, and Joseph Lyons becomes Premier of Tasmania.Australia source
1923November 15 – Hyperinflation in the Weimar Republic: Hyperinflation in Germany reaches its height. One United States dollar is worth 4,200,000,000,000 Papiermark (4.2 trillion on the short scale). Gustav Stresemann abolishes the old currency and replaces it with the Rentenmark, at an exchange rate of one Rentenmark to 1,000,000,000,000 (one trillion on the short scale) Papiermark (effective November 20).source
1923November 23 – Gustav Stresemann's coalition government collapses in Germany.source
1923The Brazilian Society of Chemistry is founded.Brazil source
1924February 14 – The Computing-Tabulating-Recording Company (CTR), based in the U.S. state of New York, is renamed International Business Machines (IBM).source
19243 April – The Italian government issues Romania with an ultimatum requiring a payment of 80 million Italian lira for outstanding debts. Several Regia Marina warships are stationed off the port of Constanța to back up the demand.Romania source
1924April 16 – American media company Metro Goldwyn Mayer (MGM) is founded in Los Angeles, California, through the merger of Metro Pictures, Goldwyn Pictures, and Louis B. Mayer Pictures.United States source
1924May 11 – Mercedes-Benz is formed by the merging of companies owned by Gottlieb Daimler and Karl Benz.source
192430 August – The German Reichsbank begins operating independently of the German government by issuing a new mark after the hyperinflation completely devaluates the old mark.Germany source
1924October 24 – Former provincial treasurer Peter Smith and financier Aemilius Jarvis are found guilty in connection with the Ontario Bond Scandal.Canada source
1924November date unknown – Mogamiya, as predecessor of Bourbon Confectionery founded in Kashiwazaki, Niigata Prefecture.Japan source
1924Undated – Actinidia deliciosa 'Hayward', later to become the main commercial cultivar of kiwifruit, is first grownNew Zealand source
1924Munck Cranes company is founded.Norway source
1924Main opposition – Progressive Republican Party (TCF) (from 9 November)Turkey source
1925January 25 – Hjalmar Branting resigns as Prime Minister of Sweden because of ill health, and is replaced by the minister of trade, Rickard Sandler.source
192525 January – Hjalmar Branting resigns as Prime Minister because of ill health and is replaced by the minister of trade, Rickard Sandler.Sweden source
192526 February – End of the Regie Company. An important step in the economicsTurkey source
1925March 5 – Nippon Air Brake (Nabco) was founded in Kobe, as predecessor of Nabtesco.Japan source
19251 April – The Foodstuffs cooperative is registeredNew Zealand source
192516 November – Carmaker Vauxhall Motors of Luton is purchased by American giant General Motors for $2.5 million.United Kingdom source
1925December 25 – IG Farben is formed by the merger of six chemical companies in Germany.source
1925Major Seminary of Ghent relocates to new buildings (now part of Vlerick Business School)Belgium source
1925Estonian Chamber of Commerce and Industry founded.Estonia source
1925Ybry, a French luxury perfume and fashion house is founded.France source
19266 January – Deutsche Luft Hansa is formed by the merger of Deutsche Aero Lloyd and Junkers LuftverkehrGermany source
1926January 12 – Toray (then Toyo Rayon) was founded.Japan source
192629 May – Modern Commercial codeTurkey source
1926July 26 – The United States National Bar Association is incorporated.source
1926September – Abraham Berge, as the only Norwegian Prime Minister ever is impeached. The charge was withholding information relating to the government rescue of a bank threatened by bankruptcy. He was, however, acquitted in 1927, along with the six ministers who stood trial alongside him.Norway source
192610 October – The Romanian National Party (Partidul Național Român, PNR) and the Peasants' Party (Partidul Țărănesc, PȚ) merge to form the National Peasants' Party. The party subsequently dominated Romanian politics from 1928 to 1933.Romania source
19264 November – A revised import tariff is introduced, shifting from ad valorem to specific duties to protect local industries.Mandatory Palestine source
1926Cotton Industry (Statistics) ActIndia source
1926The New Zealand national rugby league team tours Britain, losing all three tests against Great Britain and one test against WalesNew Zealand source
19271 January – the currency was changed: the marks were replaced by the krones.Estonia source
1927January – Shōwa financial crisis: In the ensuing bank run, 37 banks throughout Japan (including the Bank of Taiwan), and the second-tier zaibatsu Suzuki Shoten, went under. Prime Minister Wakatsuki attempted to have an emergency decree issued to allow the Bank of Japan to extend emergency loans to save these banks, but his request was denied by the Privy CouncilJapan source
19275 April – Trade Disputes and Trade Unions Act 1927 forbids strikes of support.United Kingdom source
1927April 21 – A banking crisis hits Japan.source
19271 November – The Palestine pound, the currency of the British Mandate of Palestine between 1927 and 1948, goes into circulation.Mandatory Palestine source
1927c. October – the Agricultural Credit Corporation is set up to encourage investment in agriculture.Ireland source
1927Angel Bakeries is founded in Jerusalem by Salomon Angel, later becoming Israel's largest commercial bakery.Mandatory Palestine source
1927Increase since previous 31 December 1926: 20,700 (1.45%)New Zealand source
1927Christian Bjelland I, businessperson (born 1858)Norway source
19284 July – Financier Alfred Loewenstein vanishes on a Croydon Airport to Brussels.Belgium source
1928October 1 – Joseph Stalin launches the first five-year plan (1928–1932); the average nonfarm wage falls by 50% in the Soviet Union.source
19288 November – Odd Langholm, economist and historian of economic thoughtNorway source
192822 November – Following passage of the Currency and Banknotes Act on 2 July, the Bank of England resumes responsibility for issue of banknotes from HM Treasury and issues pound and (for the first time) ten shilling notes, the first to be printed in colour and on both sides.United Kingdom source
192810 December – Surname law (up to 1928 people had no surnames and instead of surnames their place of birth was in use)Turkey source
192812 December – the first Irish coinage is circulated in the state making complete the introduction of banknotes and coinage of the Irish Free State.Ireland source
1928Undated – Kherwadi Social Welfare Association is founded.India source
1928Increase since previous 31 December 1927: 17,000 (1.17%).New Zealand source
1928Date Unknown – Vías, as predecessor of construction brand in Europe and world, ACE Group was founded.Spain source
1929July 24 – Union Airways Pty. Ltd. is founded, to be nationalised as South African Airways, on 1 February 1934.source
192917 August – The League Against Usury, a single-issue party founded in response to the Great Depression.Romania source
1929September 3 – The Dow Jones Industrial Average peaks at 381.17, a height it would not reach again until November 1954.source
1929October 24–29 – Wall Street Crash of 1929: Three multi-digit percentage drops wipe out more than $30 billion from the New York Stock Exchange (10 times greater than the annual budget of the federal government).source
192929 October - The US stock market crash causes a fall in coffee quotations to 60%.Brazil source
192929 October: Black Tuesday. Wall Street crash triggers the 10-year Great Depression.New Zealand source
1929October – The Wall Street crash of 1929 marks a major turning point in Germany: following prosperity under the government of the Weimar Republic, foreign investors withdraw their German interests, beginning the crumbling of the Republican government in favor of Nazism. The number of unemployed reaches three million.Germany source
1929November 20 – Taiping Fire and Marine Insurance, as predecessor of China Taiping Insurance was founded in Shanghai.China source
1929Economic Depression in Estonia.Estonia source
1929The newspaper Ísafold merged with MorgunblaðiðIceland source
19305 January - The left-wing political party Mapai is founded by the merger of the Hapoel Hatzair (founded by A. D. Gordon) and the original Ahdut HaAvoda (founded in 1919 from the more moderate, right-wing of the Marxist Zionist socialist Russian party Poale Zion, led by David Ben-Gurion).Mandatory Palestine source
1930June 17 – President Herbert Hoover signs the Smoot–Hawley Tariff Act into law, implementing protectionist trade policies in the United States. It has the incidental effect of defining an antique as older than 1830.source
19309 July – SNNA (Serviciul Național de Navigație Aeriană, The National Air Navigation Service) becomes LANES (Liniile Aeriene Române Exploatate de Stat, Romanian State-Operated Air Lines) representing its status as a state enterprise.Romania source
193020 November – Kjell Storvik, economist and former Governor of the Central Bank of NorwayNorway source
1930December 21 – The First Gōdō Bank and Sanyō Bank were merged, that became name for Okayama Chūgoku Bank.Japan source
1930Premier of Tasmania – John McPheeAustralia source
1930Economic Depression in Estonia.Estonia source
1930The Communist Party of Iceland is founded.Iceland source
1930Increase since previous 31 December 1929: 20,700 (1.39%).New Zealand source
19314 March – Holden's Motor Body Builders is purchased by General Motors, and is renamed General Motors–Holden's Ltd.Australia source
1931March 27 – A real estate brand, Shōei Corporation was founded, as predecessor for Hullic.Japan source
1931May 11 – The Creditanstalt, Austria's largest bank, goes bankrupt, beginning the banking collapse in Central Europe that causes a worldwide financial meltdown.source
1931June 5 – German Chancellor Heinrich Brüning visits London, where he warns British Prime Minister Ramsay MacDonald that the collapse of the Austrian banking system, caused by the bankruptcy of the Creditanstalt, has left the entire German banking system on the verge of collapse.source
1931June 19 – In an attempt to stop the banking crisis in Central Europe from causing a worldwide financial meltdown, U.S. President Herbert Hoover issues the Hoover Moratorium.source
19314 August – Holbæk B&I is founded.Denmark source
1931September 19 – The United Kingdom abandons the gold standard.source
193122 October – The failure of the Marmorosch Blank Bank, which followed the collapse of Banca Generala a Tarii Romanesti in June and Banca Bercovitz in July, triggers the peak of the Great Depression in Romania.Romania source
1931December 8 – Carl Friedrich Goerdeler is appointed Reich Price Commissioner, in Germany to enforce the deflationary policies of the Brüning government.source
1931December 8 – Carl Friedrich Goerdeler is appointed Reich Price Commissioner to enforce the deflationary policies of the Brüning government.Germany source
1931Economic Depression in Estonia.Estonia source
1931Provisional Collection of Taxes ActIndia source
1931Increase since previous 31 December 1930: 16,000 (1.06%).New Zealand source
1932February 2 – The Reconstruction Finance Corporation begins operations in Washington, D.C.source
193225 March – The far-right National Socialist Party (Partidul Național-Socialist din România, PNSR) is founded by Gheorghe Tătărescu.Romania source
193225 April – Greece decides to abandon the gold standard.Greece source
1932May 5: in Ferrara, 2. Conference of unionist and corporatist studies; in the debate, socialist idea emerges, as the “owner corporations” proposed by Ugo Spirito.Italy source
193211 May - Siam took itself off the gold standard.source
1932May 20 – Federación Obrera de la Industria de la Carne initiates a major strike in the Argentinian meat-packing industry.source
1932June 16– Lausanne conference opens to discuss reparations, which Germany had not paid since the Hoover Moratorium of June 1931.source
1932July 8 – The Dow Jones Industrial Average in the United States reaches its lowest level of the Great Depression, bottoming out at 41.22.source
1932July 9 – Lausanne conference ends, agreeing to cancel World War I reparations against Germany.source
1932August 6 – Carl Gustaf Ekman resigns as Prime Minister of Sweden and is replaced by his Minister of Finance Felix Hamrin.source
1932August 20 – The Ottawa conference ends with the adoption of Imperial Preference tariff, turning the British Empire into one economic zone with a series of tariffs meant to exclude non-empire states from competing within the markets of Britain; the Dominions; and the rest of the empire.source
1932September 20 – Mahatma Gandhi begins a hunger strike in Poona prison, India.source
1932November 6 – November 1932 German federal election: The Nazis remain the largest party in the Reichstag but their share of the seats drops from 37% to 32%. The Communists (KPD) are the second largest party. This will be the last free election for the whole of Germany until 1990.source
1932December 28 – The Cologne banker Kurt von Schröder, who is a close friend of Papen and a NSDAP member, meets with Adolf Hitler to tell him that Papen wants to set up a meeting to discuss how they can work together. Papen wants Nazi support to return to the Chancellorship while Hitler wants Papen to convince Hindenburg to appoint him Chancellor. Hitler agrees to meet Papen on January 3, 1933.source
1932SPAR, the global retail brand, is founded in Zegwaart, Netherlands.source
1932Unemployment in the United States – ca. 33% – 14 million. A similar level of unemployment affects Germany. Many people in depressed countries do not receive unemployment benefit due to governments not being able to afford benefit payments.source
1932Economic Depression in Estonia.Estonia source
1932Tea District Emigrant Labour ActIndia source
1932The government stopped issuing Indian Rupees and started issuing Iraqi dinarsIraq source
1932The founding of the moshav Beer Ganim by former employees of the Dead Sea Works company. The moshav was later on merged with Even Yehuda.Mandatory Palestine source
19331 January – Establishment of the cooperative bus company Egged through a merger of four smaller bus cooperatives.Mandatory Palestine source
1933March 5 – The Great Depression: President Franklin D. Roosevelt declares a "Bank holiday", closing all United States banks and freezing all financial transactions (the 'holiday' ends on March 13).source
19335 March – German federal election, March 1933: National Socialists gain 43.9% of the votes.Germany source
1933March 15 – The Dow Jones Industrial Average rises from 53.84 to 62.10. The day's gain of 15.34%, achieved during the depths of the Great Depression, remains the largest 1-day percentage gain for the index.source
1933March 27 – Japan announces it will leave the League of Nations (due to a cancellation period of exactly two years, the egression becomes effective March 27, 1935).source
1933May 2 – Gleichschaltung: Adolf Hitler prohibits trade unions.source
1933May 3 – Nellie Tayloe Ross becomes the first woman to be named director of the United States Mint.source
1933May 8 – Mohandas Gandhi begins a 3-week hunger strike because of the mistreatment of the lower castes in India.source
19338 May – Mohandas Gandhi begins a 3-week hunger strike because of the mistreatment of the lower castes.India source
1933May 27 – New Deal in the United States: The Federal Securities Act is signed into law, requiring the registration of securities with the Federal Trade Commission.source
1933June 5 – The U.S. Congress abrogates the United States use of the gold standard, by enacting a joint resolution nullifying the right of creditors to demand payment in gold.source
19335 September – Australia signs a trade agreement with New Zealand.Australia source
1933September 5 – The Mexican Stock Exchange is established.Mexico source
1933December 2 – Newfoundland's independence is revoked due to its financial difficulties.Canada source
1933December 26 – The Nissan Motor Company is organized in Tokyo, Japan.source
1933New Zealand's first distinctive coins issued by the New Zealand Treasury, see New Zealand pound.New Zealand source
1933Schurter is established (incorporated 1949)Switzerland source
193418 January – Qantas and Imperial Airways join forces and establish Qantas Empire Airways.Australia source
1934February 12–13: Juntas de Ofensiva Nacional-Sindicalista merges with Falange Española to form Falange Española de las Juntas de Ofensiva Nacional-SindicalistaSpain source
193428 March – Socialist savings bank Bank van de Arbeid goes bankrupt.Belgium source
1934July 3 - The Bank of Canada is formedCanada source
193416 August – Ed van Thijn, politician (died 2021)Netherlands source
1934October – The Criterion Association is dissolved, Mircea Vulcănescu citing the rise of fascism for the demise.Romania source
1934Banknotes issued by the new Reserve Bank replace those issued by the Trading Banks, see New Zealand pound.New Zealand source
1934The Swiss Banking Act of 1934 majorly affects bank secrecySwitzerland source
1935January 24 – The first canned beer is sold in Richmond, Virginia, United States, by Gottfried Krueger Brewing Company.source
19352 February - A trade agreement between the United States and Brazil is signed in Washington, D.C.Brazil source
193510 February – Nahariya is founded.Mandatory Palestine source
1935February 11 – Tosoh was founded in Tokuyama (now Shunan) Yamaguchi Prefecture, as predecessor name was Toyo Soda.Japan source
193529 March – The Romanian Front, a moderate fascist political party, is founded.Romania source
193516 May – Thomas Mackay Cooper becomes Solicitor General for Scotland, replacing Douglas JamiesonScotland source
1935May 27 – Schechter Poultry Corp. v. United States (the "Sick Chicken Case"): The Supreme Court of the United States declares that the National Industrial Recovery Act, a major component of the New Deal, is unconstitutional.source
1935May 31 – Twentieth Century Pictures and Fox Film Corporation merge to form Twentieth Century-Fox Film Corporation.source
19353 December – Felinfoel Brewery in Llanelli becomes the first in the UK to sell beer in cans.Wales source
1935Increase since previous 31 December 1934: 11,300 (0.73%).New Zealand source
19354 million members of trade unions in the U.S.United States source
19363 March – Legislative Assembly passed a motion to terminate the Ottawa trade agreement.India source
1936May - Colonial Secretary Jimmy Thomas is forced to resign from politics after a scandal involving Stock Exchange dealings.Wales source
19361 July – Australian National Airways is registered as a company.Australia source
193610 August - The Icelandic Airline is founded.Iceland source
19366 December Anthon B. Nilsen, businessman, politician and author (born 1855)Norway source
1936The British Air Ministry forms a new aircraft factory in Belfast, creating a new company owned 50% each by Harland and Wolff and Short Brothers, Short & Harland Ltd.Northern Ireland source
1936Lawrence Warehouse Company, based in San Francisco, California has an initial public stock offering.United States source
1936Kate Roberts (author) - Traed mewn cyffionWales source
1937January 15 – The Empire Exhibition, South Africa closes in Johannesburg.South Africa source
1937March 30 – Marui founded as installndnt credit store in Nakano, Tokyo.Japan source
193728 May — Volkswagen, state-owned carmaker, is formed to produce the new people's car.Germany source
1937June 10 - National Democratic Union, ahead of support for the candidacy of Armando Sales de Oliveira for president in the 1938 elections is created.Brazil source
1937August 2 – The Marijuana Tax Act in the United States is a significant bill on the path that will lead to the criminalization of cannabis. It was introduced to the U.S. Congress by Commissioner of the Federal Bureau of Narcotics Harry Anslinger.source
1937August 28 – Toyota was incorporated and founded on this day.source
193727 October – Harald Pettersen, businessperson and politician (born 1869)Norway source
1937December 11 – Italy withdraws from the League of Nations.source
1937December - the Ministry of Basic Industries(Republic of China) was reorganized as the Ministry of Economic Affairs.Taiwan source
1937The Vibora Luviminda sugar plantation trade unions strike on Maui island, Hawaii.source
1937Increase since 31 December 1936: 17,200 (1.09%).New Zealand source
1937Allianz, a group of Swiss artists, is foundedSwitzerland source
1938January 1 – The Merrie Melodies cartoon short Daffy Duck & Egghead is released, being the first cartoon to give Daffy Duck his continuing name, as well as his second appearance.United States source
1938February 6 – Black Sunday at Bondi Beach, Sydney, Australia: 300 swimmers are dragged out to sea in 3 freak waves; 80 lifesavers save all but 5.source
193812 March – Henri de Man resigns as finance minister after his fiscal proposals are rejected.Belgium source
1938March 18 – Mexico nationalizes all foreign-owned oil properties within its borders.Mexico source
193821 March – The founding of the kibbutz HanitaMandatory Palestine source
1938June 8 – Tokyo Film Production, as predecessor of Toei was founded.Japan source
1938November 12 – French Finance Minister Paul Reynaud brings into effect a series of laws aiming at improving French productivity (thus aiming to undo the economic weaknesses which led to Munich), and undoes most of the economic and social laws of the Popular Front.source
193828 December – The Sydney Mail ceases publication.Australia source
1938December – Announcement that the Ottawa trade agreement would not be continued after 31 March 1939.India source
1938Increase since 31 December 1937: 16,500 (1.03%).New Zealand source
1939January 30 – Hitler gives a speech before the Reichstag calling for an "export battle" to increase German foreign exchange holdings. The same speech also sees "Hitler's prophecy", where he warns that if "Jewish financiers" start a war against Germany, "the result will be the annihilation of the Jewish race in Europe".source
193930 January – Hitler gives a speech before the Reichstag calling for an "export battle" to increase German foreign exchange holdings. The same speech also sees Hitler's "prophecy" where he warns that if "Jewish financers" start a war against Germany, the "result will be the annihilation of the Jewish race in Europe".Germany source
193917 April – Prime Minister of Northern Ireland Lord Craigavon, dismissed the Republic of Ireland government's position of neutrality as "cowardly".Northern Ireland source
19392 May – The founding of the kibbutz DahliaMandatory Palestine source
1939June 1 –Nippon Electric Works and Showa Fertilizer were merger, becomes name was Showa Denko.Japan source
193926 June – Hatay Republic decided to merge to TurkeyTurkey source
193918 September – The Muslim League declares that the Federal scheme, now suspended, should be altogether abandoned.India source
1939Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Treasury – Eugeniusz Kwiatkowski,Poland source
1939The toy company Majora establishedPortugal source
1940June 3 – The Weather Bureau is transferred to the United States Department of Commerce.source
1940June 17 – WWII: Assets of all foreign nationals from France and Monaco are frozen.United States source
194029 June – Turco German trade agreementTurkey source
19401 August – Erling Falk, businessman and politician (born 1887)Norway source
1940August 7: Unemployment insurance is introducedCanada source
1940September 26 – The U.S. government places an embargo on the exportation of scrap iron and steel to any country outside the Western Hemisphere excluding Britain, effective October 16.source
194019 November – The Central Legislative Assembly rejects the Finance Bill.India source
194022 November – Single overarching trade union established.Belgium source
1940The Congress discusses a proposal for economic reactivation made by minister Federico PinedoArgentina source
1940Increase since 31 December 1939: -8000 (−0.49%).New Zealand source
194118 January: Petrol Ofisi a national petroleum company founded.Turkey source
1941January 22 – In Sweden, Victor Hasselblad registers the Hasselblad Camera Company.source
1941The UCR does not support in the Congress the proposal of the Minister of the Economy, Federico Pinedo, who resigns.Argentina source
1941May 1 – The breakfast cereal Cheerios is introduced as CheeriOats by General Mills in the United States.source
19415 May – Flemish collaborationist organisations Vlaams Nationaal Verbond and Verdinaso, and the Flemish section of the Rexist Party, sign an agreement to merge.Belgium source
1941May 27 – The Swiss Socialist Federation is banned.source
1941June 14 – All German and Italian assets in the United States are frozen.source
194114 June — All German and Italian assets in the United States are frozen.Germany source
1941July 17 – Joe DiMaggio's 56-game hitting streak ends.source
1941November Unknown – Toyō Optical and glass Manufacturing, as predecessor of optical instrument brand, Hoya was founded.Japan source
1941Factory Canteen, predecessor of multinational foodservice company Compass Group, is founded in England by Jack Bateman.source
1941Chosun Tire and Rubber Manufacture, predecessor of South Korean tire brand Hankook, is founded in Seoul (at this time part of the Empire of Japan).source
1941The pulp and paper company Celulose Irani is founded in the State of Rio Grande do Sul.Brazil source
1941Increase since 31 December 1940: -2400 (-0.15%).New Zealand source
1941The Childless tax is established. it would last until 1990.Soviet Union source
19423 January – Pinhas Rutenberg (born 1879), Ukrainian-born Palestinian Jew who was the founder of The Palestine Electricity CorporationMandatory Palestine source
194213 May – Einar Sverdrup, mining engineer and businessman (born 1895)Norway source
194229 May – Rationing on clothing, footwear and linen is introduced, with an allowance of 52 coupons per year.New Zealand source
19427 June – The Income Tax (War-time Arrangements) Act 1942 is enacted, transferring the power to levy personal income tax from the states to the federal government.Australia source
1942September 3 – WWII: Erwin Rommel orders a general retreat and carries the German forces of Panzer Army Africa back to the line running from Tel el Eisa – Deir el Shein - west of Deir el Munassib down to the Qattara Depression. Allied forces of the 2nd New Zealand Division and the British 7th Armoured Division ("Desert Rats") begin an assault, but they are repelled in a fierce rearguard action by the German 90th Light Division. During the attack, Rommel loses some 2,900 men, 50 tanks, a similar number of guns, and 400 vehicles.source
19426 October – All men aged between 18 and 50 obliged to find work either in Belgium or in Germany.Belgium source
1942The port of Rosario is nationalizedArgentina source
1942November 1 - The Cruzeiro "antigo" is adopted as the official currency.Brazil source
194211 November – Wealth tax (varlık vergisi) an incontestable tax to support the treasury against World War II expendituresTurkey source
194310 February – 3 March – Mohandas Gandhi maintains a hunger strike to protest his imprisonment.India source
1943March 10 – Banco Bradesco is founded in Marília, São Paulo, Brazil.source
19438 May – Hans Raastad, economist, and former leader of the Workers' Youth League.Norway source
19437 October – Yoram Globus, Israeli film producer and cinema ownerMandatory Palestine source
1943November – The Philippine economy collapses, the shortage of rice becomes serious.Philippines source
19431 December – Endesa (Chile) is created as a subsidiary of CORFO.Chile source
1943December 4 – With unemployment figures falling fast due to WWII-related employment, U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt closes the Works Progress Administration.source
1943December 4 – The Great Depression officially ends in the United States: With unemployment figures falling fast due to World War II-related employment, U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt closes the Works Progress Administration.United States source
1943History of the cooperative movement: Father José María Arizmendiarrieta sets up a polytechnic school at Mondragón in the Spanish Basque Country (predecessor of the University of Mondragón), which inspires creation of the Mondragon Corporation.source
1943Disestablishment of the United States Court for ChinaChina source
1943Increase since 31 December 1942: 5600 (0.34%).New Zealand source
194430 January – Swedish Confederation of Professional Employees is founded.Sweden source
194410 February – PAYE (pay as you earn) system of tax collection introduced.United Kingdom source
19446 April – Halvor Stenstadvold, business person and politician.Norway source
1944The Afghan government "recently" introduced an income tax, estimated to yield £2 million over the course of the year.Afghanistan source
1944July 22 – The Bretton Woods Conference ends with agreements signed to set up the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade and International Monetary Fund.source
1944The United States confiscate Argentine gold located in the US, and forbid commerce with Argentina.Argentina source
1944November 22 – Conscription Crisis: Prime Minister of Canada William Mackenzie King agrees a one-time conscription levy in Canada for overseas service.source
1944The BC Žalgiris professional basketball club is founded in Kaunas, Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic.source
1944The Banco Nacional is founded in São Paulo.Brazil source
1944The New Zealand head tax on Chinese immigrants from 1881 (63 years) is repealed.New Zealand source
1944Rio Grande company is founded in Albuquerque, New Mexico.United States source
1945March 2 – Former U.S. vice-president Henry A. Wallace starts his term of office as United States Secretary of Commerce, serving under President Franklin D. Roosevelt.source
194522 March – Kasikornbank was established.Thailand source
194529 April – General Federation of Belgian Labour founded.Belgium source
19455 September – National Development Party was foundedTurkey source
194513 October - Leon Yehuda Recanati (born 1890), Ottoman (Greek)-born businessman, banker, philanthropist, and Jewish community leader.Mandatory Palestine source
1945November 26 – U.S. ambassador to China Patrick J. Hurley resigns after he is unable to broker a deal between Chiang Kai-shek and Mao Tse-tung.source
1945December 2 – French banks (Bank of France, BNCI, CNEP, Crédit Lyonnais and Société Générale) are nationalized.source
1945San Juan Tepezontes was incorporated as a municipality.El Salvador source
1945Arrests, nationalization of industry.Estonia source
1945International Monetary Fund and Bank ActIndia source
1945Increase since previous 31 December 1944: 51,500 (3.07%)New Zealand source
1946January 21 – The Loyalist wing of the Nacionalista Party holds its convention at the Ciro Club, Santa Mesa, Manila, and nominates Sergio Osmeña for president and Eulogio Rodriguez for vice president.Philippines source
1946"Every effort is being made to reduce prices and to secure a wider and cheaper distribution of the main commodities, particularly of cotton piece-goods, petrol and kerosene oil. These two factors, high prices and shortages of commodoities, more than anything else, are responsible for the internal discontent which makes such a dangerous accompaniment to tribal trouble, and it is to be hoped that the Government of India will respond as generously as possible to Afghan appeals for more liberal export quotas of such things as piece-goods and petrol."Afghanistan source
1946May 7 – Tokyo Telecommunications Engineering (later renamed Sony) is founded, with about 20 employees.source
194611 May – United Malays National Organisation (UMNO) was founded at Istana Besar, Johor Bahru, Johor. Dato Onn Jaafar became the first president.Malaya source
194614 May – Société Nationale des Chemins de Fer Luxembourgeois is founded.Luxembourg source
19465 July - Establishment of the Bank Negara IndonesiaIndonesia source
1946August 1 – The Scandinavian Airlines System is founded as a consortium of the flag carriers of Sweden, Denmark and Norway.source
1946September 7 – First devaluation in Turkey: the lira loses 40% of its value.source
1946September 24 – Cathay Pacific Airways is founded in Hong Kong, by American Roy Farrell and Australian Sydney de Kantzow.source
19466 October – The founding of the kibbutz Gal On.Mandatory Palestine source
1946November 27 – Indian Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru appeals to the United States and the Soviet Union to end nuclear testing and start nuclear disarmament, stating that such an action would "save humanity from the ultimate disaster."source
1946December 15 — the Iran crisis of 1946 ends with the Dissolution of the Azerbaijan People's Government and the Republic of Mahabad following the withdraw of the last remaining Soviet troops from Iran.Soviet Union source
1946In August, 90% of the country's major industrial facilities were nationalized.North Korea source
19473 January – The Work and Reconstruction National Union (Uniunea Națională Muncă și Refacere) party is founded by Constantin Argetoianu in Bucharest.Romania source
1947January 5 - Lakhui Chemical (락희화학), as predecessor of LG Chem was founded.South Korea source
1947February 23 – The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) is founded.source
1947March 3: Sekisui Chemical was founded.Japan source
1947April 16 – American financier and presidential adviser Bernard Baruch describes the post–World War II tensions between the Soviet Union and the United States as a "Cold War".source
194716 April – The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development is founded, with Luxembourg as one of the sixteen founding members.Luxembourg source
1947May 4 – The Natal Indian Organisation is formed.South Africa source
194724 July - The National Icelandic Association Football team lost 2-4 to the Norwegian team in an international friendly, with an attendance of 10,000 fans at Melavollur.Iceland source
1947August 27 – The French government lowers the daily bread ration to 200 grams, causing riots in Verdun and Le Mans.source
1947October 30 – The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), the foundation of the World Trade Organization (WTO), is established.source
1947November 21 – The United Nations Conference on Trade and Employment begins in Havana, Cuba. This conference ends in 1948, when its members complete the Havana Charter.source
194722 December: The airline Lóide Aéreo Nacional is founded by Ruy Vacani.Brazil source
1947The founding of the kibbutz Gevim.Mandatory Palestine source
1948January 1 – The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) is inaugurated.source
19489 January – The Luxembourg Airlines Company is founded.Luxembourg source
1948February 21 – The United States stock car racing organization NASCAR is founded by Bill France Sr. with other drivers.source
194825 February - The United Nations Economic and Social Council creates, under resolution 106 five regional economic commissions, whose objective is to help and collaborate with the governments of the respective territories in the investigation and analysis of regional and national economic issues. One of the five regional economic commissions was the Economic Commission for Latin America (in 1984 it was extended to the Caribbean), whose headquarters will be located in the city of Santiago.Chile source
1948April 16 – The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development is founded, as the Organisation for European Economic Co-operation (OEEC).source
1948April – Children's Bargain Town, a predecessor of toy and child-related retailer Toys "R" Us, is founded in Washington, D.C., United States.source
194811 June – The Great National Assembly announces the nationalization of all industry, mines, banking and transportation.Romania source
1948June 21 – The Deutsche Mark becomes the official currency of the future Federal Republic of Germany.source
1948June 28 – Lotte Group, a global conglomerate in Northeast Asia (South Korea and Japan), is founded.source
194819 July – Nation Party was foundedTurkey source
1948November 15 – Israel's fledgling national airline is incorporated as El Al.Israel source
1948December 20 – American economist and former State Department official and spy for the Soviet Union Laurence Duggan falls to his death, from the 16th story window of his Manhattan office.source
1948The municipality of Paiçandu is founded by the Companhia de Melhoramentos do Norte do Paraná.Brazil source
1948Unknown date – The Malayan National Liberation Army was founded (dissolved in 1989).Malaya source
19482nd Congress of the Workers' Party of North KoreaNorth Korea source
1949January 5 – President Harry S. Truman unveils his Fair Deal program.United States source
194926 April – Austerity is introduced to cope with a lack of foreign currency reserves and a mass influx of Jewish immigrants.Israel source
1949May 4 - Leslie Frost becomes premier of Ontario, replacing Thomas KennedyCanada source
1949May 16 – The Tokyo Stock Exchange resumes operations, after a four-year shutdown.source
1949May 25: Ministry of International Trade and Industry formed.Japan source
1949June 7–25 – Dock workers strike in the United Kingdom.source
194915 June – The replacement of Old Taiwan dollar with New Taiwan dollar.Taiwan source
1949August 3 – The Basketball Association of America and the National Basketball League finalize the merger that will create the National Basketball Association.source
19493 September: The All Blacks lose two tests on the same dayNew Zealand source
194918 September - Indian rupee suffers devaluation due to 30% devaluation of Pound sterling by Chancellor of the Exchequer.India source
1949September 19 – The United Kingdom government devalues the pound sterling from $4.03 to $2.80, leading to many other currencies being devalued.source
1949October 20 – China People's Insurance Corporation, as predecessor of China Life was founded.source
1949Date unknown: Germany company Heckler & Koch was founded.Germany source
1950Food and fuel shortages and the Tzena (Austerity program) leads to a growing black market.Israel source
1950February 13 – British Columbia B-36 crash: The U.S. Air Force loses a Convair B-36 bomber that carried a Mark 4 nuclear bomb off the west coast of Canada, and produces the world's first Broken Arrow.source
1950April 30 - The last Ration stamps (for sugar) expire in West Germany; In the GDR, food stamps were still in use until 1958.Germany source
1950May 24 – The United States Maritime Administration is formed (under the Department of Commerce).source
195019 June – Empresa Nacional del Petróleo is created.Chile source
19502 September – François Simon replaces Aloyse Hentgen as Minister for Economic Affairs and Agriculture.Luxembourg source
1950September 26 – Sasol (Suid-Afrikaanse Steenkool, Olie en Gaskorporasie Bpk.) is registered as a company.South Africa source
1950December 12: Hayato Ikeda, future Prime Minister of Japan, remarks in the National Diet that "the poor should eat barley".Japan source
1950South Australian National Football League premiership: won by NorwoodAustralia source
1950Increase since 31 December 1949: 35,600 (1.88%).New Zealand source
19511 January – The restructuring of Taiwan Cement Limited Corporation to be Taiwan Cement Corporation.Taiwan source
1951January 9 – The Government of the United Kingdom announces abandonment of the Tanganyika groundnut scheme for the cultivation of peanuts in the Tanganyika Territory, with the writing off of £36.5M debt.source
195113 March – Israel disclosed a demand for 6.2 billion Deutsche Mark ($1.5 billion US dollars) for Jewish property confiscated and plundered by the Germans during the Nazi regime. The German reparations would be used to resettle the 500,000 Jewish war refugees whom immigrated to Israel from countries formerly under the Nazi regime.Israel source
195125 March – The Colombian government announced import controls on over 2000 items, including cars and other luxuries, to suppress black market trading.Colombia source
195129 May – Societe Electrique de l'Our is founded.Luxembourg source
1951December 22 – The Selangor Labour Party is founded in Selangor, Malaya.source
195122 December – The Selangor Labour Party was founded (dissolved in 1952).Malaya source
1951December 31 – The Marshall Plan expires, after distributing more than $13.3 billion US in foreign aid to rebuild Europe.source
1951IBM (United Kingdom) is formed.source
1951unknown date – In Munich, a collection of mementos and personal papers belonging to Adolf Hitler is turned over to Bayerische Landesbank, for authentication and eventual sale. Among the documents are his appointment as Chancellor signed by President Paul von Hindenburg, his Austrian passport, as well as an assortment of swastika insignia pins and medals. An initial offer of $200,000.00 is made for the collection.Germany source
1951Unknown date – Japan National Mutual Insurance Federation of Agricultural Corporatives (JA Kyosai) was founded.Japan source
1951Increase since 31 December 1950: 42,800 (2.22%).New Zealand source
1952April 8 – Youngstown Sheet & Tube Co. v. Sawyer: The U.S. Supreme Court limits the power of the President to seize private business, after President Harry S. Truman nationalizes all steel mills in the United States, just before the 1952 steel strike begins.source
195220 June: President Getúlio Vargas signs a law, creating the National Bank for Economic and Social Development (BNDES, formerly BNDE).Brazil source
195225 June – Romania signs a trade agreement with the Soviet Union.Romania source
1952July 23 – The European Coal and Steel Community is established.source
1952August 13 – Japan joins the International Monetary Fund (IMF).source
1952October 28 – Korea Explosives, as predecessor of Hanhwa Group was founded.South Korea source
1952Italian banker Giuseppe Terrusi is arrested and executed in Burrel Prison. In September 2020, during searching for those who disappeared during Enver Hoxha's dictatorship, the prison was excavated for the remains of Terrusi as requested by the Italian Government. Terrusi's body was nowhere to be found.Albania source
1952Liquidation of German company IG Farben started.Germany source
1952date unknown - The Lao kip is introduced as the currency of Laos.Laos source
1952Increase since 31 December 1951: 54,100 (2.75%).New Zealand source
1952Christian Wegner Haaland, ship-owner and politician (born 1892)Norway source
1953January 24 – Leader of East Germany Walter Ulbricht announces that agriculture will be collectivized in East Germany.source
195325 June – Malaysian Chinese Association announced that it will end all welfare and social programs due to the Government's ban on lottery organized by political organization.Singapore source
1953July 9 – The U.S. Treasury formally renames the Bureau of Internal Revenue; the new name (which had previously been used informally) is the Internal Revenue Service.source
1953July 29 – Santam Insurance Company is registered, following the separation of trust and insurance operations.South Africa source
19531 August – Cheil Jedang (now CJ CheilJedang), a food manufacturer, was founded.South Korea source
1953October 3: President Getúlio Vargas signs the law that creates the state-owned multinational corporation Petrobras.Brazil source
1953Global meat packing industry JBS is founded in Anapolis, Goias, Brazil.source
1953The federal Immigration Act is amended to prohibit homosexuals entry into Canada. This amendment was repealed in 1977.Canada source
1953The Confederación Nacional del Trabajo is established.Colombia source
1953Increase since 31 December 1952: 50,100 (2.47%).New Zealand source
1953Alfred Trønsdal, politician (born 1896)Norway source
195427 January – Village Institutes were closedTurkey source
195426 February – Yuli Tamir, Israeli academic and former politician.Israel source
1954May 22 – The common Nordic Labour Market act is signed.source
1954June 23 – The Trust Bank of South Africa is founded by Jan S. Marais.South Africa source
1954July 1 – The Common Nordic Labor Market Act comes into effect.source
195421 August – The Singapore Labour Front (LF) was founded.Singapore source
1954August 24: The military do not accept Vargas' agreement and demand for his resignation. At the Catete Palace, President of Brazil Getúlio Vargas commits suicide by shooting himself in the heart. Vice President Café Filho becomes the 18th President of Brazil.Brazil source
195418 September – TARS is renamed TAROM (Transporturi Aeriene Române, Romanian Air Transport) to recognise the full ownership of the airline by the Romanian state.Romania source
1954November 23 – The Dow Jones Industrial Average rises 3.27 points, or 0.86 percent, closing at an all-time high of 382.74. More significantly, this is the first time the Dow has surpassed its peak level, reached just before the Wall Street Crash of 1929.source
1954The Confederación Revolucionaria de Trabajadores is founded.Mexico source
1954Increase since 31 December 1953: 43,700 (2.11%).New Zealand source
1955January 28 – Benesse Corporation was founded, following its predecessor, Fukutake Shoten.Japan source
19554-5 – The Inaugural Conference of the South African Congress of Trade Unions (SACTU) is held at the Trades Hall in Johannesburg.South Africa source
195530 April – Singapore Harbour Board Staff Association Strike.Singapore source
195519 June – Minister for Trade and Customs, Senator O'Sullivan confirms the federal government has abandoned with control of tea with merchants now free to resume private trading of tea making their own arrangements with tea producing countries.Australia source
19551 October – Finance minister Abraham Perez resigns due to disagreements with President Campo.Chile source
195530 November – The internal debt of Colombia reaches 880 million pesos, a rise from 489 million at the end of 1954.Colombia source
1955December 5 – The American Federation of Labor and the Congress of Industrial Organizations merge, to become the AFL–CIO.source
1955December 31 – General Motors becomes the first American corporation to make a profit of over 1 billion dollars in 1 year.source
1955The Imperial Bank of India, the oldest (est. 1921) and the largest commercial bank of the Indian subcontinent, was transformed into the State Bank of India.India source
1955Unknown date – YTL Corporation Berhad was founded by Yeoh Tiong Lay.Malaya source
1956February 28: the three employers’ organization, Confindustria, Confcommercio and Confagricoltura constitute a coordination committee, Confintesa.Italy source
1956April 25: Usiminas, one of Brazil's largest steelmakers, is founded in Ipatinga, in the state of Minas Gerais.Brazil source
19562 August - The National Party (1956-1958) is created, product of the merger of the National Independent Movement, the National Agrarian Party and the Agrarian Labor Recoveryist Party.Chile source
1956October 5 – Cecil B. DeMille's epic film The Ten Commandments, starring Charlton Heston as Moses, is released in the United States. It will be in the top ten of the worldwide list of highest-grossing films of all time, adjusted for inflation.source
195622 October – The last SovRom joint enterprises with the Soviet Union, Sovromcuarț and Sovrompetrol, are dissolved.Romania source
1956December 4 – The Million Dollar Quartet (Elvis Presley, Jerry Lee Lewis, Carl Perkins, and Johnny Cash) get together at Sun Studio, for the first and last time in history.source
1956Capital University of Economics and BusinessChina source
1956British Adviser of Perak : Ian Blelloch (until unknown date, position abolished)Malaya source
1956Increase since 31 December 1955: 44,400 (2.05%).New Zealand source
19563rd Congress of the Workers' Party of KoreaNorth Korea source
195728 January – Harry Lundeberg, merchant seaman and labour leader in America (born 1901)Norway source
1957March 1 – Sud Aviation forms, from a merger between SNCASE (Société Nationale de Constructions Aéronautiques du Sud Est) and SNCASO (Société Nationale de Constructions Aéronautiques du Sud Ouest).source
1957April 1 - Second Nehru ministry adopts Decimalisation of Indian rupee and discontinue the concept of anna coin system.India source
1957May 8 - Coca-Cola, full-scale sale start in Japan.Japan source
195713 July – Shmuel Tajer (born 1868), Sofia-born merchant, one of the founders of Tel Aviv. Grandfather of MK Avraham Katz-Oz and grand-grandfather of MK Erel Margalit.Israel source
19571 August - The Deutsche Bundesbank was established.Germany source
19573 October – Australian National Airways (ANA) is merged with Ansett to form Ansett-ANA.Australia source
1957December 1 – In Indonesia, Sukarno announces the nationalization of 246 Dutch businesses.source
19571 December – The Malayan Public Records Office (now known as the Malaysian National Archives or Arkib Negara) was formed.Malaya source
1957Raja Fashions, a tailoring business, is founded in Hong Kong.source
1957Increase since 31 December 1956: 53,600 (2.43%).New Zealand source
195818 February – Finance minister of India T. T. Krishnamachari resigns following M. C. Chagla Commission report on Haridas Mundhra LIC scandal.India source
1958March 1 – Two medium-size airlines, FarEastern Airways of Japan and Nippon Helicopter Transport, are merged to become All Nippon Airways (ANA) which begins operation in Japan.Japan source
19583 March - The national identity card is created. To avoid fraud, the document must always bear all the names (they can be 1, 2, 3, or even 4), the surnames of both parents (in the old days, if the father did not recognize the child, he or she had to bear the mother's first surname as both surnames), nationality (Chile or another country), date of birth (any) and the Unique National Role or RUN.Chile source
1958May 12 – Addressing the Planning Board Staff on the revamping of the Five Year Plan, the Prime Minister has stated that land reforms must not take place in West Pakistan where the power of the feudals must remain intact. "There has been a great deal of talk about such reforms," Noon said, "Most of the advocates of land reforms were city dwellers who had no knowledge of agriculture and not many of them knew what they were talking about."Pakistan source
1958June 24: Lucas Lopes is appointed as the new Minister of Finance, who would implement the Monetary Stabilization Plan. This plan would aim to stabilize inflation, meet IMF requirements for the acquisition of a loan of 300 million, and to maintain the works of construction in Brasília.Brazil source
195810 October – Patrice Lumumba founds Mouvement National Congolais.Belgium source
1958October – GoldStar, predecessor of LG Electronics, is founded in South Korea.source
1958November 20 – The Jim Henson Company is founded as Muppets, Inc. in the United States.source
1958The founding of the kibbutz Adamit.Israel source
1958Hotel chain Camino Real Hotels is founded.Mexico source
195926 January – The Central Bank of Malaya (Bank Negara Tanah Melayu) was founded.Malaya source
195917 June: President Juscelino Kubitschek decides to break away with the IMF, due to pressure on meeting loan requirements.Brazil source
195920 June – The Ministry of National Development will start a team with seven Assembly members from 22 June, with many departments to be consolidated under MND. The Singapore Improvement Trust will also be brought under the Ministry in future.Singapore source
1959July 24 – At the opening of the American National Exhibition in Moscow, United States Vice President Richard Nixon and USSR Premier Nikita Khrushchev engage in the "Kitchen Debate".source
1959September 10 – MASA is founded when the state-owned investment bank, SOMEX, acquires the private company, Sheppard Hnos.Mexico source
195922 September – At its inaugural conference the Irish Congress of Trade Unions attacks the government of Northern Ireland for not recognising the new organisation.Northern Ireland source
1959December 1 – Hana Bank, present day of Hana Financial Group was founded.South Korea source
195916 December – The establishment of China Airlines.Taiwan source
1959The Supremes girl group is founded as The Primettes in Detroit.source
1959Stabilization Plan introduced to liberalize the Spanish economy, leading to the Spanish miracle of the 1960s.Spain source
196011 January – The founding of Chi Mei Corporation.Taiwan source
196014 January – The Reserve Bank and Commonwealth Bank are created.Australia source
1960February 3 – Prime Minister of the United Kingdom Harold Macmillan makes the Wind of Change speech to the South African Parliament in Cape Town (although he had first made the speech, to little publicity, in Accra, Gold Coast – modern-day Ghana – on January 10).source
1960May 14 – The Kenya African National Union (KANU) is founded in Kenya, when 3 political parties join forces.source
196031 May – Malayan Banking Berhad was incorporated.Malaya source
196018 June – Jaguar Cars completes its purchase of the Daimler Company from BSA. Daimler Cars would later become rebadged Jaguars.United Kingdom source
1960June 23 – Japanese prime minister Nobusuke Kishi announces his resignation.source
19605 September – Samyang Tires, as predecessor of Kumho Tires has founded.South Korea source
1960December 15 – Tomás Torres Mercado, politician PVEM, federal deputy (2012-2015), (died October 22, 2015).Mexico source
1960Increase since 31 December 1959: 43,900 (1.86%).New Zealand source
1960Kim Yong-kap is the South Korean Deputy Minister of Finance.South Korea source
1961January 1 – Monetary reform in the Soviet Union.source
1961January unknown date – Credit card brand JCB was founded.Japan source
1961February 14 – Decimal Day - Decimalisation of currency replaces the South African pound with the South African rand.South Africa source
196120 February – The Singapore Malay National Organisation (PKNS) is formed as a branch of UMNO. It later split following independence.Singapore source
1961March 13 – Black and white £5 notes cease to be legal tender in the UK.source
196128 March – The Danish Maritime and Commercial Court is created by act.Denmark source
1961April 27 – A container shipping and logistics brand on worldwide, COSCO was founded.China source
1961June 1 – The Canadian Bank of Commerce and the Imperial Bank of Canada merge to form the Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce.Canada source
1961July 31 – Ireland submits the first application from a non-founding country to join the European Economic Community.source
1961September 30 – The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) is formed to replace the Organisation for European Economic Co-operation (OEEC).source
19612 October - Shipping Corporation of India is incorporated by amalgamation of Eastern Shipping Corporation and Western Shipping Corporation.India source
196123 October – The establishment of Taiwan Stock Exchange.Taiwan source
1961November 14 – The Yves Saint Laurent luxury fashion brand is founded in Rue La Boetie, Paris (France), by Yves Saint Laurent and Pierre Bergé.source
19621 January - Sweden's GNP increases by 4.5%.Sweden source
196219 January – Parti Negara was dissolved after the death of Dato' Onn Jaafar.Malaya source
1962February 7 – The Kennedy Government bans all U.S.-related imports from Cuba and exports to Cuba.United States source
196219 April – the North British Locomotive Company of Springburn goes into liquidation.Scotland source
1962May 2 – The Canadian dollar is pegged to the U.S. currencyCanada source
19623 November – Yngve Slyngstad, former CEO of Norges Bank Investment Management (NBIM).Norway source
1962The Australian Ballet is founded.Australia source
1962Increase since 31 December 1961: 54,500 (2.21%).New Zealand source
1963January 29 – French President Charles de Gaulle vetoes the United Kingdom's entry into the European Common Market.source
196329 January – President Charles de Gaulle vetoes the United Kingdom's entry into the EEC.France source
196311 March – The National Language Act 1963 was gazetted.Malaysia source
196314 June – Olav Hindahl, trade unionist and politician (b.1892)Norway source
19637 September – City Developments Limited is formed as a property group.Singapore source
1963The Cyprus Development Bank was established.Cyprus source
1963The founding of the kibbutz Grofit.Israel source
1963Increase since 31 December 1962: 51,100 (2.03%).New Zealand source
1963Unknown – As part of de-satellization from the Soviet Union, street names with Soviet influences are renamed. For example, Strada Kirov becomes Strada Onesti.Romania source
19644 January – Trygve Jacobsen, Norwegian businessperson (born 1876)Norway source
1964January 6 – A British firm, the Leyland Motor Corp., announces the sale of 450 buses to the Cuban government, challenging the United States blockade of Cuba.source
1964South Africa is suspended from the International Labour Organization.South Africa source
1964March 20–June 6 – The first United Nations Conference on Trade and Development takes place.source
1964April 17 – Orient Lease, as predecessor of Orix Group founded in Osaka.Japan source
1964May 9 – South Korean President Park Chung Hee reshuffles his Cabinet, after a series of student demonstrations against his efforts to restore diplomatic and trade relations with Japan.source
196420 August – Avraham Drori (born 1919), Polish-born Israeli politician.Israel source
196431 October – Malaysia Dairy Industries new factory is officially opened to produce condensed milk locally. It has since branched into fruit juices and other dairy products.Singapore source
196431 December: The Central Bank of Brazil and the National Monetary Council are established.Brazil source
1964German company Auto Union is acquired by Volkswagen Group over subsidiary Audi AG.Germany source
1964Increase since 31 December 1963: 50,100 (1.95%)New Zealand source
1965January 1 – Trans-Canada Airlines is renamed Air Canada.Canada source
196514 January - Food Corporation of India was founded.India source
196521 January – Nationalist leader Eddie McAteer visits Taoiseach Seán Lemass in Dublin.Northern Ireland source
19651 April – TEAL is renamed Air New Zealand.New Zealand source
196526 June – Rune Brynhildsen, businesspersonNorway source
19659 August – Singapore was expelled from the Federation of Malaysia.Malaysia source
1965October 17 – The New York World's Fair at Flushing Meadows, closes. Due to financial losses, some of the projected site park improvements fail to materialize.source
1965October 17 – The New York World's Fair at Flushing Meadows, New York, closes. Due to financial losses, some of the projected site park improvements fail to materialize.United States source
1965December 8 – Rhodesian prime minister Ian Smith warns that Rhodesia will resist a trade embargo by neighboring countries with force.source
1965Hainzl Industriesysteme GmbH company is founded in Austria.source
1965the White Australia Policy was removed from the Australian Labor Party platform at their national conference. This came after past attempts in 1959 and 1961 failed.Australia source
19661 January – New Zealand Australia Free Trade Agreement comes into force.New Zealand source
1966February 14 – The Australian dollar is introduced at a rate of 2 dollars per pound, or 10 shillings per dollar.source
196614 February – Decimalisation of the Australian currency; the Australian dollar replaces the Australian pound at the rate of ten shillings to the dollar.Australia source
1966March 1 – The British Government announces plans for the decimalisation of the pound sterling (hitherto denominated in 20 shillings and 240 pence to the £), to come into force on 15 February 1971 (Decimal Day).source
196621 March – The Economic and Social Council is created to aid industrial relations between employers, employees, and the government.Luxembourg source
1966April 18 – China declares that it will stop economic aid to Indonesia.source
1966May 7 – Irish bank workers go on strike.source
19669 May – Registration starts for the National Registration Identity Card (NRIC), which comes in laminated plastic.Singapore source
19666 June - First Indira Gandhi ministry devalues Indian rupee by 57%.India source
196613 September: President Humberto de Alencar Castelo Branco signs the law establishing the Severance Indemnity Fund, in order to protect dismissed workers, without just cause.Brazil source
1966October 4 – Israel applies for membership in the European Economic Community, which is never granted.source
1966October 14 – Closure of Intra Bank begins a crisis in the Lebanese banking system.source
1966November 17 – The U.N. General Assembly decides to found the United Nations Industrial Development Organization.source
1966December 17 – South Africa does not join the trade embargo against Rhodesia.source
1966December 17 – South Africa refuses to join the trade embargo against Rhodesia.South Africa source
1966Date unknown: German company Hannover Re was founded.Germany source
196720 January - Decree 40 of the Ministry of Finance creates the Unidad de Fomento (UF) as a way of revaluing mortgage loans according to variations in inflation.Chile source
1967February 1 – Higashiosaka city start by three cities, Fuse (布施), Kawachi (河内) and Hiraoka (枚岡) mergered in Osaka Prefecture.Japan source
196712 June – The Malaysian ringgit (Malaysian dollar) was officially introduced, replacing the Malaya and British Borneo dollar.Malaysia source
196712 June – The first currency notes, known as the Orchid series were issued, as well as the Marine Series.Singapore source
1967July 10 – New Zealand decimalises its currency from pound to dollar at £1 to $2 ($1 = 10/-).source
196710 July – The nation's currency is decimalised, with the New Zealand dollar replacing the New Zealand pound at a rate of two dollars to a pound.New Zealand source
19673 The first Krugerrand is minted to promote the nation's gold industrySouth Africa source
196720 October – Australia unlinks the Australian dollar from British currency, when the British government makes a decision to devalue the pound sterling.Australia source
1967October 27 – French President Charles de Gaulle vetoes British entry into the European Economic Community for the second time in the decade.source
1967November 18 – The UK pound is devalued from £1 = US$2.80 to £1 = US$2.40.source
1967November 29 – Vietnam War: U.S. Secretary of Defense Robert McNamara announces his resignation to become president of the World Bank. McNamara's resignation follows U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson's outright rejection of McNamara's early November recommendations to freeze troop levels, stop the bombing of North Vietnam, and hand over ground fighting to South Vietnam.source
1967December 29 – Korean automobile manufacturer Hyundai Motor is founded.source
1967Warner Bros. becomes a wholly owned subsidiary of Seven Arts Productions, thus becoming Warner Bros.-Seven Arts.source
1967Date unknown - In 1967, a majority share of the German company Braun AG was acquired by the Boston, Massachusetts-based conglomerate Gillette Group.Germany source
1968Unknown date: Komeda Coffeehouse, as known well coffeehouse chain in nationwide, founded in Nagoya.Japan source
1968March 1 – Commonwealth Immigrants Act 1968 further reduces right of entry for citizens from the British Commonwealth to the United Kingdom.source
1968March 14 – Late this evening, the U.K. government at the request of the U.S. agrees that the London Gold Pool will be closed from tomorrow. George Brown, the British Foreign Secretary, apparently drunk, is absent from meetings to discuss the crisis and is forced to resign from the government on March 15.source
1968March 18 – Gold standard: The United States Congress repeals the requirement for a gold reserve to back U.S. currency.source
1968April 1 – POSCO founded in Gyeongsangnam-do, as predecessor name was Pohang Steel.South Korea source
196815 May: A bomb explodes at the door of the São Paulo Stock Exchange.Brazil source
196823 May – Singapore Pools is formed as a state-owned lottery firm to combat triads and illegal syndicates.Singapore source
196826 May – BERNAMA (Berita Nasional Malaysia) or Malaysian National News Agency established.Malaysia source
1968May 27 – May 68: Grenelle agreements concluded in France, giving a large increase in minimum wages, but are rejected by trade unions.source
1968June 4 – The Standard & Poor's 500 index in the United States closes above 100 for the first time, at 100.38.source
196817 September – The Marylebone Cricket Club tour of South Africa is cancelled when South Africa refuses to accept the presence of Basil D'Oliveira in the side.South Africa source
196829 October – Disagreements over the budget for the following year lead to the collapse of the Werner-Cravatte Government.Luxembourg source
1968Allen McClay establishes the pharmaceutical company Galen in Craigavon.Northern Ireland source
1969February 13 – Front de libération du Québec (FLQ) terrorists bomb the Montreal Stock Exchange.source
1969February 13 – FLQ terrorists bomb the Montreal Stock ExchangeCanada source
196919 May – The Singapore Petroleum Company is formed.Singapore source
196921 May – Håkon Haugli, politician and business executive.Norway source
196919 June – The Commonwealth Conciliation and Arbitration Commission rules that equal pay for women doing the same work as men must be phased in by 1972.Australia source
196924 June – The proposed lowering of the electoral age from 21 to 18 is rejected by 78.6% of voters at the 1969 Danish electoral age referendum.Denmark source
196919 July – 14 major private banks nationalizedIndia source
19699th Politburo of the Chinese Communist PartyChina source
1969Increase since 31 December 1968: 31,000 (1.12%).New Zealand source
19701 January - Value added tax (TVA) is introduced at 8%, with a reduced rate of 4%.Luxembourg source
197026 January – Necmettin Erbakan founds National Order Party.Turkey source
197020 February - Chile signs a trade agreement with Cuba, despite the OAS ban.Chile source
1970February – Multi-business conglomerate Virgin Group is founded as a discount mail-order record retailer by Richard Branson in the UK.source
19706 May – Arms Crisis in the Republic of Ireland: The Minister for Finance, Charles Haughey, and the Minister for Agriculture, Neil Blaney, are asked to resign by Taoiseach Jack Lynch. He accuses them of the attempted illegal importation of arms for use by the Provisional IRA. Kevin Boland, the Minister for Local Government, resigns in sympathy with them.Northern Ireland source
1970June 21 – Penn Central, America's largest railroad, files for chapter 77 bankruptcy; the largest U.S. corporate bankruptcy at this time.source
19701 September: Merger of two German transportation/maritime companies, Hamburg America Line (HAPAG) and Norddeutscher Lloyd (NDL) or North German Lloyd (NGL) to new company Hapag LloydGermany source
197023 December – The government freezes food prices for two years.Poland source
1970December 31 – Paul McCartney sues in Britain to dissolve The Beatles' legal partnership.source
1970The Portuguese Workers' Communist Party, a Maoist political party, foundedPortugal source
1970National Union of Credit Cooperatives is founded.Spain source
19711 January – The Monetary Authority of Singapore was established to regulate the financial sector and as Singapore's central bank.Singapore source
1971February 4 – The Nasdaq stock exchange is founded in New York City.source
1971February 4 – In Britain, Rolls-Royce goes bankrupt and is nationalised.source
1971February 8 – A new stock market index called the Nasdaq Composite debuts in the United States.source
1971February 15 – Decimal Day: The United Kingdom and Ireland both switch to decimal currency (see also decimalisation).source
197115 February – Decimal Day: The United Kingdom and Republic of Ireland both switch to decimal currency.Northern Ireland source
197123 March – All-Pakistan Awami League proposes Confederation of Pakistan.Pakistan source
1971March 30 – Starbucks coffee shop is founded in the U.S. state of Washington.source
197111 April – Members of the IBPP stage a hunger strike at the Western Wall in Jerusalem to demand meetings with government officials over poverty, housing inequality, and social discrimination.Israel source
1971May 5 – The U.S. dollar floods the European currency markets and especially threatens the Deutsche Mark; the central banks of Austria, Belgium, Netherlands and Switzerland stop the currency trading.source
197111 July – The Malaysian New Economic Policy was launched.Malaysia source
1971July 13 – The Yugoslavian government begins allowing foreign companies to take their profits from the country.source
1971August 15 – President Richard Nixon announces that the United States will no longer convert dollars to gold at a fixed value, effectively ending the Bretton Woods system. He also imposes a 90-day freeze on wages, prices and rents.source
1971December 4 – The Montreux Casino burns down during a Frank Zappa concert (the event is memorialized in the Deep Purple song "Smoke on the Water"). The casino is rebuilt in 1975.source
1971December 18 – The U.S. dollar is devalued for the second time in history.source
19711-7 November: 6th Congress of the Party of Labour of AlbaniaAlbania source
1971Aeronáutica Agrícola Mexicana SA formed.Mexico source
197133rd government of Turkey (26 March 1971 – 11 December 1971)Turkey source
197222 February – Haim Revivo, former Israeli football player and a businessman.Israel source
197226 March – Regulations passed allowing large scale nationalization of various industries including banks, manufacturing and trading enterprises.Bangladesh source
19721 June – The Iraq Petroleum Company was completely nationalized by the government of Iraq, through its Public Law 69, making the company part of the state-owned Iraq National Oil Company.Iraq source
1972June 7 – A complaint is filed against the Minister of Mines Eduardo Paredes Barrientos for customs fraud for the so-called Cuban packages.Chile source
1972June 23 – The United Kingdom Chancellor of the Exchequer, Anthony Barber, announces a decision for the pound sterling to move to a floating exchange rate. Although intended to be temporary, this remains permanent. Foreign exchange controls are applied to most members of the sterling area.source
1972June – Iraq nationalizes the Iraq Petroleum Company.source
1972September 25 – 1972 Norwegian EC referendum: Norway rejects membership of the European Economic Community.source
1972Businessman Eugenio Lopez Jr.; andPhilippines source
1972November 14 – The Dow Jones Industrial Average closes above 1,000 (1,003.16) for the first time.source
197215 December – SATS Ltd is established as a separate company from Singapore Airlines to manage ground operations and inflight catering services.Singapore source
1972Ulster Grand Prix cancelled due to the political situation.Northern Ireland source
197234th government of Turkey (up to 22 May 1972)Turkey source
1973January 1 – The United Kingdom, the Republic of Ireland, and Denmark enter the European Economic Community, which later becomes the European Union.source
1973January 11 - Inflation reaches 180%Chile source
19733 March – Republican Party merges with Reliance Party to become Republican Reliance Party.Turkey source
1973March 19 – Konami is established.Japan source
1973April 1 – Value Added Tax (VAT) is introduced in the United Kingdom.source
197322 July – The first NTUC Welcome (now NTUC FairPrice) opens its first outlet in Toa Payoh to fight inflation caused by the oil crisis.Singapore source
197312 November — Bharatiya Jana Sangh leader Atal Bihari Vajpayee and two other leaders drove a Bullock cart to the Parliament of India on the first day of winter session to protest against fuel price hike in India following the oil crisis.India source
1973Date unknown: German company Gerry Weber was founded.Germany source
1973Tun Pengiran Ahmad Raffae (until March)Malaysia source
1973Club Deportivo Tapatío is founded when CD Guadalajara buy a Tercera División license.Mexico source
19742 January – Federal Education Minister Kim Beazley resumes work after a two-month convalescence after he collapsed in Parliament House on 6 November 1973.Australia source
1974March 18 – End of five-month oil embargo by most OPEC nations against the United States, Europe, and Japan which had caused the 1973 oil crisis.source
19746 May – A law concerning industrial relations is passed, requiring all firms employing more than 150 people to have 'Mixed Committees' to represent employees.Luxembourg source
197425 June – Temasek Holdings is formed to manage investments in government-linked companies (GLCs).Singapore source
19746 July – The government passed austerity decrees to combat inflation and reduce the trade deficit. Measures included increasing the price of gasoline, introducing taxes on vehicles and luxury goods, and raising the value-added tax (VAT) on beef and other basic items.Italy source
197417 August – Petronas, the first Malaysian petroleum and gas company was founded.Malaysia source
1974September 1–16: Afghanistan participated in at the 1974 Asian Games; the country won only one bronze medal, placing it dead last out of all 19 competitor states.Afghanistan source
1974Increase since 31 December 1973: 65,200 (2.20%).New Zealand source
197437th government of Turkey (16 January–17 November 1974)Turkey source
19758 January – Yehoshua Ben-Zion convicted of embezzling £20 million from the Israeli-British Bank which collapsed in July 1974 owing British investors £46.6 million. He was sentenced to 12 years in prison. Later, Ben-Zion was pardoned by the Israeli president after intervention of Menachem Begin and was released after serving 3 years.Israel source
197526 February – Moritz Suter, former pilot of Swissair, founds Business Flyers Basel, which will later become CrossairSwitzerland source
1975March 12 - The Dubai Islamic Bank was established in the United Arab Emirates, becoming the first private institution to operate under the principles of Islamic banking. With the charging of interest on a loan prohibited by Islamic law, the banks instead make an investment in the item upon which the loan is planned, without a fixed interest rate. Similar Islamic banks were established in 1977 in Kuwait, Egypt and the Sudan.United Arab Emirates source
1975March 15 – In Brazil, Guanabara State merges into the state of Rio de Janeiro. The state's capital moves from the city of Niterói to the city of Rio de Janeiro.source
1975April 4 – Bill Gates and Paul Allen found Microsoft (at this time known as Micro-Soft) in Albuquerque, New Mexico and release their Altair BASIC interpreter. (Microsoft becomes a registered trademark on November 26, 1976.)source
197530 April - the Stock Exchange of Thailand officially starts trading.Thailand source
1975August 4 - According to Decree Law 1123, the official currency of the country becomes again the Chilean Peso, with the equivalence $ 1 (peso) = Eº 1000 (escudos).Chile source
1975November 7 – President Ferdinand Marcos issues Presidential Decree 824 creating the Metropolitan Manila Commission (MMC). It integrates the city of Manila and adjacent Quezon City with the cities of Pasay and Caloocan and municipalities of Makati, Mandaluyong, San Juan, Las Piñas, Malabon, Navotas, Pasig, Pateros, Parañaque, Marikina, Muntinlupa, and Taguig from the province of Rizal and the municipality of Valenzuela from the province of Bulacan to form Metropolitan Manila.Philippines source
1975Gross domestic product falls by 6.1%, mostly due to a collapse in the steel price.Luxembourg source
1975Tun Haji Abdul Aziz bin Abdul Majid (until May)Malaysia source
19769 January – The Ministry of Development Planning is dissolved.Spain source
197624 January – Pinhas Lavon (born 1910), Austro-Hungarian (Galicia)-born Israeli politician, minister and labor leader, best known for the Lavon Affair.Israel source
1976March 26 – The Body Shop, the retail chain for skin care products and cosmetics founded by Anita Roddick, opens its first branch in Brighton, England.source
1976April 1 – Conrail (Consolidated Rails Corporation) is formed by the U.S. government, to take control of 13 major Northeast Class-1 railroads that have filed for bankruptcy protection. Conrail takes control at midnight, as a government-owned and operated railroad until 1986, when it is sold to the public.source
1976April 13 – The United States Treasury Department reintroduces the two-dollar bill as a Federal Reserve Note on Thomas Jefferson's 233rd birthday as part of the United States Bicentennial celebration.source
1976June - The Pearl Bank Apartments is completed, making it Singapore's tallest and densest residential building in Singapore at that time. The Apartments will soon be demolished after being sold to CapitaLand in an en-bloc sale in 2018, which will be redeveloped into One Pearl Bank by 2023.Singapore source
1976July 12 – Price Club, as predecessor of Costco, a worldwide membership-registration-only retailer, is founded in California.source
197621 July - Raymond Vouel resigns as Deputy Prime Minister to take up his position as European Commissioner for Competition. He is replaced by Bernard Berg.Luxembourg source
1976August 8 – As part of the American Basketball Association–National Basketball Association merger, a dispersal draft is conducted to assign teams for the players on the two ABA franchises which have folded.source
1976October 13 – The United States Commission on Civil Rights releases the report, Puerto Ricans in the Continental United States: An Uncertain Future, that documents that Puerto Ricans in the United States have a poverty rate of 33 percent in 1974 (up from 29 percent in 1970), the highest of all major racial-ethnic groups in the country (not including Puerto Rico, a U.S. territory).source
1976November 26 – Microsoft is officially registered with the Office of the Secretary of the State of New Mexico.source
197614 December – The Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange (KLSE) was incorporated.Malaysia source
1976Afghanistan and the Soviet Union signed a 5-year trade agreement to improve Soviet–Afghan trade by 50% in 1980.Afghanistan source
1976Abu Dhabi Investment Authority.United Arab Emirates source
1976Unemployment in Venezuela reaches an all-time low of 4%.Venezuela source
1977January 5 - The Government intervenes in Banco Osorno and La Unión.Chile source
19777 April – Yitzhak Rabin announces his retirement from the premiership of the Labor Party, following the Dollar Account affair.Israel source
1977June 25 – Hyundai Mobis was founded, as predecessor name was Hyundai Precision & Industries.South Korea source
19772 August – A law creating the Société nationale de Crédit et d'Investissement is passed.Luxembourg source
1977September 23 – The Netherlands suspends its cultural agreement with South Africa.South Africa source
197712 December – The Singapore Labour Foundation is formed to ensure families in unions are well-taken care of, as well as to promote union groups in Singapore.Singapore source
1977Tun Mohd Hamdan Abdullah (Until November)Malaysia source
1977The now-ubiquitous convenience store chain OXXO is founded.Mexico source
19783 January – Bela Csidei, a prominent Sydney businessman, is alleged in the Darwin Magistrates' Court to have been involved in growing marijuana in the Northern Territory.Australia source
197816 January – Morarji Desai led government demonetizes high denomination banknotes.India source
1978February 3 - The American firm Goodyear acquires the National Tire Industry (INSA) for 45 million dollars.Chile source
1978April 1 – New Zealand National Airways Corporation (the domestic airline of New Zealand) is merged with New Zealand's international airline, Air New Zealand.source
19781 April – Flag carriers Air New Zealand and the National Airways Corporation merge to form a single airline under the Air New Zealand name.New Zealand source
1978May – Release of Rudi's punk rock single "Big Time", the first release for Terri Hooley's Good Vibrations (record label).Northern Ireland source
1978June 19 – Garfield's first comic strip, originally published locally as Jon in 1976, goes into nationwide syndication.source
197811 October – Leo Tindemans proffers his resignation as Prime Minister after the failure of the Egmont pactBelgium source
1978SIUI (Shantou Institute of Ultrasonic Instruments Co., Ltd) – ultrasound manufacturer is founded.China source
19781978 Spanish trade union representative electionsSpain source
1979January 1 – Following a deal agreed during 1978, French carmaker Peugeot completes a takeover of American manufacturer Chrysler's European operations, which are based in Britain's former Rootes Group factories, as well as the former Simca factories in France.source
19791 January – The commune of Rodenbourg is merged into the commune of Junglinster.Luxembourg source
197911 January – The Singapore Refining Company is formed by three oil companies, namely Singapore Petroleum Company, Chevron and BP.Singapore source
197911 January – The establishments of Export-Import Bank of the Republic of China.Taiwan source
1979February - The government is rocked by yet another bribery case: the Douglas-Grumman scandalJapan source
1979February – Malaysian Industrial Development Authority (MIDA) was established.Malaysia source
1979March 22 – The National Hockey League votes to approve its merger with the World Hockey Association, to take effect in three months, following the leagues' respective postseasons.source
1979June 1 – The Vizianagaram district is formed in Andhra Pradesh, India.source
1979June 3 – 1979 Italian general election: The Italian Communist Party loses a significant number of seats.source
1979June 22 – The WHA formally ceases operations, completing the merger with the NHL.source
1979June 29 - Finance Minister Sergio de Castro announces that the exchange rate of the peso against the dollar will be fixed, establishing it at 39 pesos.Chile source
1979July 15 – President Jimmy Carter addresses the nation in a televised speech talking about the "crisis of confidence in America today"; it would go on to be known as his "national malaise" speech.source
1979August 9 – Female workers of YH Trading in South Korea held a sit-in protest in response to the company's unilateral shutdown.source
19791 September - Biju Patnaik mediates for an unsuccessful merger attempt between Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam and All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam.India source
1979October 6 – Federal Reserve System changes from an interest rate target policy to a money supply target policy.source
1979November 14 – Iran hostage crisis: U.S. President Jimmy Carter issues Executive Order 12170, freezing all Iranian assets in the United States and U.S. banks in response to the hostage crisis.source
197926 November – Binyamin Shahor (born 1916), Israeli politician.Israel source
1979December 3 – The United States dollar exchange rate with the Deutsche Mark falls to 1.7079 DM, the all-time low so far; this record is not broken until November 5, 1987.source
1979China International Trust Investment Group (CITIC) founded.source
1979The One-child policy is introduced in China – it contributes to the country's sex-ratio imbalance. It was loosened in 2013.source
1980January 4 – U.S. President Jimmy Carter proclaims a grain embargo against the USSR with the support of the European Commission.source
1980January 21 – The London Gold Fixing hits its highest price ever of $843 per troy ounce ($2,249.50 in 2020 when adjusted for inflation).source
198024 February – The shekel replaces the Israeli pound.Israel source
19801 April - New regulation came into effect enabling the protection of foreign investments in Bangladesh from Government actions like nationalization and expropriation.Bangladesh source
198030 April – Automotive company Chrysler Australia Limited is taken over by Japanese company Mitsubishi after the American-based Chrysler Corporation sold its Australian subsidiary to the dynamic Japanese automobile manufacturer for $80 million. The declining fortunes of Chrysler's North American operations forced the sale.Australia source
1980April Unknown date – Fancl Cosmetics, as predecessor of FANCL was founded.Japan source
1980May 20 – Guangming Huaqiao Electronic Industry, as predecessor of Konka Group was founded.China source
19808: In urban and regional public transportation strip tickets are implemented as part of the national tariff system.Netherlands source
1980September 3 – Zimbabwe breaks diplomatic and consular relations with South Africa, even though it maintains a commercial mission in Johannesburg.source
198022 November – Gaston Thorn steps down as Deputy Prime Minister and Minister for Foreign Affairs of Luxembourg and is succeeded by Colette Flesch. Camille Polfer replaces Flesch as Mayor of Luxembourg City.Luxembourg source
19806th Congress of the Workers' Party of KoreaNorth Korea source
1981January 1 – Greece enters the European Economic Community, predecessor of the European Union.source
1981January 11 – Iran dropped a demand that the United States deposit 24 billion dollars in gold into an Algerian bank as a condition of the release of 52 U.S. Embassy workers being held hostage in Tehran, settling instead for the release of the nearly 8 billion dollars of Iranian assets that had been frozen in American banks.Iran source
19811 March - Bobby Sands begins the 1981 Irish hunger strike in the Maze Prison (Long Kesh) near Lisburn.Northern Ireland source
1981April 4 – UK pop group Bucks Fizz's song "Making Your Mind Up" wins the 1981 Eurovision Song Contest in Dublin, Ireland.source
19814 April – Representing Luxembourg, Jean-Claude Pascal finishes eleventh in the Eurovision Song Contest 1981 with the song C'est Peut-Etre Pas L'Amerique.Luxembourg source
1981May 1 – Pensions in Chile: The new Chilean pension system, based on private pension funds, begins.source
198122 May – The Government of Singapore Investment Corporation is formed.Singapore source
1981August 3–6. Negotiations between the government and Solidarity in Warsaw. Food supply situation, economic reform and trade unions bills are discussed. The negotiations end in a fiasco; the government accuses Solidarity of terminating the talks.Poland source
19817 September – Permodalan Nasional Berhad leads a "Dawn Raid" on the London Stock Exchange with 51 per cent of Guthrie shares acquired in just 10 minutes.Malaysia source
1981Launch of the second Five-Year Economic and Social Transformation Plan (1982-1987)Libya source
1981November – The Unified Socialist Party of Mexico is founded by a merger of four parties.Mexico source
1981December 8 – Arthur Scargill becomes President-elect of the National Union of Mineworkers (Great Britain).source
19821 January – The time zone in Singapore has changed to UTC+08:00 and it has not changed since.Singapore source
19828 April – A law is passed to restrict the indexing of wage settlements in an attempt to stem inflation, which peaks at 9.4% over 1982.Luxembourg source
198214 June - The Government devalues the peso, ending the stable exchange rate of the dollar at 39 pesos, passing the dollar to the price of 76 pesos, inflation goes to 0.4%.Chile source
1982August 12 – Mexico announces it is unable to pay its large foreign debt, triggering a debt crisis that quickly spreads throughout Latin America.source
1982August 12 – Mexico announces it is unable to pay its large foreign debt, triggering a debt crisis that quickly spread throughout Latin America.Mexico source
1982September 16 - Future Prime Minister of India Manmohan Singh becomes Governor of the Reserve Bank of IndiaIndia source
1982September 26 – Thermals take Australian parachutist Rich Collins up to 2,800 m during a jump; he almost blacks out due to lack of oxygen. He releases his main parachute to fall to a lower altitude and lands by his reserve parachute.source
1982October 1: Prince Claus, who is suffering from severe depressions is admitted to a psychiatric clinic in Basel. He would reappear in public in September 1983. Surprisingly this all improved his popularity amongst the Dutch people.Netherlands source
1982October 24 - Deputy Commerce Minister, Thavee Kraikupt, resigns with other high-ranking officials over bribery accusations.Thailand source
1982November 3 – The Dow Jones Industrial Average surges 43.41 points, or 4.25%, to close at 1,065.49, its first all-time high in more than 9 years.source
1982November 24 – Representatives from 88 countries gather in Geneva to discuss world trade and ways to work toward aspects of free trade.source
1982A global surplus of crude oil causes gasoline prices to collapse.source
1982Souk Al-Manakh stock market crash, late 1982Kuwait source
19831 January – The Trade Development Board is formed to promote trade, taking over the Timber Industry Board and the Department of Trade with responsibility for domestic trading of commodities handled by the Domestic Trade Section of the Ministry of Trade and Industry, and metrication taken over by the Singapore Institute of Standards and Industrial Research.Singapore source
1983January 23 – The European Economic Community's Common Fisheries Policy comes into effect.source
1983February 18 – The Venezuelan bolívar is devalued and exchange controls are established in an event now referred to as Black Friday by many Venezuelans (the Bolívar had been the most stable and internationally accepted currency).source
1983February 18: The federal government decrees a maximum devaluation of the Cruzeiro, Brazil's monetary unit.Brazil source
19837 May – The Perusahan Otomobil Nasional Berhad (PROTON) was established.Malaysia source
198316 May – Nationalist Democracy Party founded.Turkey source
19831 June - Inflation reaches 32.4%, this being the maximum peak of the crisis of 1982, this being the third most important economic crisis in the history of Chile only surpassed by the economic crisis of 1929 and the economic crisis of 1973 during the socialist government of Salvador Allende which, with 606% inflation, was the biggest economic crisis in the history of the country.Chile source
198330 June – Laws are passed to restructure the steel industry that enter into force the next day.Luxembourg source
1983June - November – 1983 Italian regional elections.Italy source
1983December 9 – The Australian dollar is floated by Federal treasurer Paul Keating. Under the old flexible peg system, the Reserve Bank bought and sold all Australian dollars and cleared the market at the end of the day. This initiative is taken by the government of Bob Hawke.source
1983Benedetti's Pizza is founded by Felipe Baeza.Mexico source
1984January 1 – Industrial and Commercial Bank of China was established.China source
198417 May – The Edaran Otomobil Nasional Berhad (EON) was established.Malaysia source
19841 June – The founding of Compal Electronics.Taiwan source
1984July 14 – New Zealand Prime Minister Rob Muldoon calls a snap election and is defeated by opposition Labour leader David Lange.source
1984August 1 – Australian banks are deregulated.source
19844 August – Singapore Press Holdings is formed from a merger of four companies, namely Times Publishing Berhad, The Straits Times Press (1975) Limited, Singapore News and Publications Limited and Singapore Newspaper Services Pte Ltd, completed on 30 November.Singapore source
198427 August – Fininvest buys Rete 4 television channel.Italy source
198418 October - Luxembourger Marcel Mart becomes President of the European Court of Auditors.Luxembourg source
1984Market Oriented Sector Selective talksJapan source
1984The Ángeles de Puebla are founded.Mexico source
19851 January – Value added tax (KDV) introduced.Turkey source
1985January - Funan Centre opens to the public. It evolved to Funan The IT Mall, and finally Funan DigitaLife Mall, closing its doors on 30 June 2016.Singapore source
19852 February – Sopormetal, a company supplying brazing materials, silver and copper brazing solders, is founded.Portugal source
19859 February – the total amount of loans made by the Taipei 10th Credit Corporation(臺北十信) accounted for 102% of the total deposits. In order to protect the legitimate rights and interests of depositors, the Ministry of Finance ordered the cooperative to suspend business for three days, and temporarily took over the cooperation from the Taiwan Provincial Cooperative, strictly inspecting and rectifying the situation.Taiwan source
1985March 11 – Mohamed Al-Fayed buys the London-based department store company Harrods.source
1985April 9 – Carlos Manzo, politician (died 2025).Mexico source
1985June 12 – The Central Bank issues the New Design Series, starting with a new 5-peso banknote with the face of Emilio Aguinaldo.Philippines source
19854 September – The Israeli new shekel (NIS) is introduced. It does not replace the old shekel as Israel's official currency until 1 January 1986.Israel source
1985September 20 – The capital gains tax is introduced to Australia.source
19851985 — Iceland experienced high inflation, averaging approximately 31.8%, amid ongoing economic adjustments and wage negotiations.Iceland source
19861 January – The New Israeli shekel (NIS) replaces the old shekel as Israel's official currency.Israel source
1986February 3 – Pixar is founded by John Lasseter along with Steve Jobs.source
1986February 28: The Cruzado Plan, an economic plan that establishes a price freeze, is launched. The Brazilian currency is now called the Cruzado, which is equivalent to one thousand Cruzeiros.Brazil source
1986March 13 – Microsoft Corporation holds its initial public offering of stock shares.source
1986April: The Japanese Equal Employment Opportunity Law went into effect. This law prohibits gender discrimination with respect to vocational training, fringe benefits, retirement, and dismissal, and urges firms to try to equalise opportunity with regard to recruitment, hiring, job assignments, and promotion.Japan source
1986Gaddafi announces plans for a unified African gold dinar currency, to challenge the dominance of the US Dollar and Euro currencies. The African dinar would have been measured directly in terms of gold.Libya source
19863 September – Ling Liong Sik became MCA President.Malaysia source
1986September 4 – Eusko Alkartasuna, the Basque Social Democratic Party, is created in Vitoria-Gasteiz.source
1986September 6 – The Big Mac Index is introduced in The Economist newspaper as a semi-humorous international measure of purchasing power parity.source
198619 November – The law "On Individual Labor Activity" is adopted, approving the use of private enterprises to manufacture some consumer goods.Soviet Union source
198627 November - Kuwait Stock Exchange inaugurated the main trading hall.Kuwait source
1986Average per capita income in Japan exceeds that in the United States.source
1986The Central Union of Workers is founded.Colombia source
1987January 1 – Bolivia reintroduces the Boliviano currency.source
198714 January – Vehbi Koç named Businessman of the Year by the International Chamber of Commerce.Turkey source
1987February 11 – British Airways is privatised and listed on the London Stock Exchange.source
198725 February: The Central Bank of Brazil decides to intervene in banks in the states of Maranhão, Ceará, Mato Grosso, Rio de Janeiro and Santa Catarina.Brazil source
19871 March – A new Have Three or More (if you can afford it) policy is announced to encourage people to have three or more children. This comes after significant decreases in population through the previous 'Stop at Two' policy of 1972.Singapore source
1987March 24 – Michael Eisner, CEO of The Walt Disney Company, and French Prime Minister and future President of France, Jacques Chirac, sign an agreement to construct the 4,800 acres Euro Disney Resort (now called Disneyland Paris) and to develop the Val d'Europe area of the new town Marne-la-Vallée in Paris, France.source
1987June 3 – The Vanuatu Labour Party is founded.source
1987July 17 – The Dow Jones Industrial Average closes above the 2,500 mark for the first time, at 2,510.04.source
1987September 9 and 11 – The entire 25-member Cabinet and three officials of the Presidential Commission on Good Government resign during an emergency meeting following the previous month's failed coup attempt. Two days later, nine officials also tender resignations, including Central Bank governor Jose Fernandez and commissioners of the internal revenue, customs and immigration bureaus. Only few are later replaced by President Aquino, including Vice President Laurel who resigns as foreign secretary.Philippines source
1987September 22: Shipyard P. Smit Jr. in Rotterdam is declared bankrupt.Netherlands source
1987October 3 – The Canada–United States Free Trade Agreement is reached but still requires ratification. This agreement would be a precursor to NAFTA.source
198715 October – Malaysian Airline System (MAS) changed its corporate identity and became known as Malaysia Airlines.Malaysia source
1987October 19 – Black Monday: Stock market levels fall sharply on Wall Street and around the world.source
1987December 15 – Production I.G is founded by Mitsuhisa Ishikawa and Takayuki Goto.source
1987At midnight on 5 June, a powerful tropical depression, previously formed in the Bay of Bengal, crossed Hatiya, Sandwip, Patuakhali, and Bhola region as a cyclonic storm accompanied by a tidal surge up to 6 ft above normal, inundating low-lying islands.Bangladesh source
1987Huawei was founded in Shenzhen.China source
1988January 28 – Toymaker company Mattel Incorporated announces the closure of its Philippine subsidiary, with 3,000 job losses.Philippines source
1988March 16 – In the United States, the First Republic Bank of Texas fails and enters FDIC receivership, the largest FDIC assisted bank failure in history.source
1988March 24 – The first McDonald's restaurant in a country run by a Communist party opens in Belgrade, Yugoslavia. It was later followed by one in Budapest, and in 1990 in Moscow, and Shenzhen, China.source
198813 May – The Highway Concessionnaires Berhad changed its name to Projek Lebuhraya Utara-Selatan (PLUS).Malaysia source
198816 May – The government devalues the Icelandic króna by 10 percent to support the struggling fishing industry amid sliding export prices.Iceland source
19886 June – 10 June – The Australian Labor Party's biennial conference in Hobart sees the left faction defeated on the divisive issues of uranium mining, privatisation and tertiary education fees.Australia source
1988September 14: Daiei purchases the Nankai Hawks baseball team: they become the Fukuoka Daiei Hawks.Japan source
198817 September – China National Petroleum Corporation was established, as changing from Petroleum and chemical industrial section of PRC. (People's Republic of China)China source
1988November 15 – The first Fairtrade label, Max Havelaar, is launched by Nico Roozen, Frans van der Hoff and ecumenical development agency Solidaridad in the Netherlands.source
1988The National Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission is set up under the Consumer Protection Act of 1986.India source
1988Increase since 31 December 1987: 3,100 (0.09%).New Zealand source
1989January 15: Minister of Finance Maílson da Nóbrega launches Plano Verão and a new currency in the country, the Cruzado Novo (NCz$), which is equivalent to 1,000 Cruzados.Brazil source
1989February 13: National Intelligence Centre (Mexico) and the National Human Rights Commission (Mexico) are founded.Mexico source
1989February 21 – Moshe Unna (born 1902), German-born Israeli politician.Israel source
1989March 1 – The Political Party of Radicals, Pacifist Socialist Party, Communist Party of the Netherlands and the Evangelical People's Party amalgamate to form the Dutch political party GroenLinks (GL, GreenLeft).source
1989March 4 – Time Inc. and Warner Communications announce plans for a merger, forming Time Warner. (Now Warner Bros. Discovery)source
1989March – Poland begins to liberalise its currency exchange in a move towards capitalism.source
1989Six retired senior figures in the Romanian Communist Party, including Gheorghe Apostol and Silviu Brucan, write an open letter to Nicolae Ceaușescu. They call for the relaxation of Ceaușescu's demand for increased exports, the release of more food for internal consumption, the investment in new technology for the industries, the halt of a vastly expensive program of prestige projects of doubtful economic value and for the dictator to put an end to systematization.Romania source
1989April 1 – Margaret Thatcher's new local government tax (the poll tax) is introduced in Scotland. It will be introduced in England and Wales the following year.source
1989April 14 – The U.S. government seizes the Irvine, California, Lincoln Savings and Loan Association; Charles Keating (for whom the Keating Five are named) eventually goes to jail, as part of the massive 1980s savings and loan crisis which costs U.S. taxpayers nearly $200,000,000 in bailouts, and many people their life savings.source
1989April 23 – Zaid al-Rifai resigns as Prime Minister of Jordan in the wake of riots over government-imposed price hikes that began on April 18.source
1989April 25 – Noboru Takeshita resigns as Prime Minister of Japan in the wake of a stock-trading scandal.source
1989April 25: Prime Minister Noboru Takeshita announces his resignation following a stock-trading scandal.Japan source
1989May 29 – Amid food riots and looting set off by inflation, the Government of Argentina declares a nationwide state of siege.source
1989The Soviet Union issues its first Visa card in a step to digitalise its banking system.source
19897 June - Short Brothers sold to Bombardier Aerospace.Northern Ireland source
1989August 9 – The Financial Institutions Reform, Recovery, and Enforcement Act of 1989, a measure to rescue the United States savings and loan industry, is signed into law by President Bush, launching the largest federal rescue to date.source
198917 September – Central Bank announces that rescheduled foreign debts have been repaid.Turkey source
1989September 23 – Nintendo Company Ltd. celebrates its 100th anniversary.source
1989October 13 – Friday the 13th mini-crash: The Dow Jones Industrial Average plunges 190.58 points, or 6.91 percent, to close at 2,569.26, most likely after the junk bond market collapses.source
1989December 25 – Bank of Japan governors announce a major interest rate hike, eventually leading to the peak and fall of the economic bubble.source
1989December 29 – Nikkei 225 for Tokyo Stock Exchange hits its all-time intra-day high of 38,957.44 and closing high at 38,915.87.source
1989Dražen Petrović Joins the National basketball association for the Portland Trail BlazersCroatia source
1990January 1 — A new convertible Yugoslav dinar is introduced to combat inflation, at an exchange rate of 10,000 old dinars for 1 new convertible dinar.Croatia source
19901 January - The Northern Ireland Fair Employment Act becomes law.Northern Ireland source
1990January 31 – Globalization – The first McDonald's in Moscow, Russian SFSR opens 8 months after construction began on May 3, 1989. 8 months later the first McDonald's in Mainland China is opened in Shenzhen.source
1990February 13 – US investment bank Drexel Burnham Lambert files for bankruptcy protection, Chapter 11.source
19907 March – The Mongolian Democratic Union launched a hunger strike in order for the communists to resign.Mongolia source
1990March 15 – Fernando Collor de Mello takes office as President of Brazil, Brazil's first democratically elected president since Jânio Quadros in 1961. The next day, he announces a currency freeze and freezes large bank accounts for 18 months.source
1990April 1 – The Community Charge (poll tax) takes effect in England and Wales amid widespread protests.source
1990April 14 – Junk bond financier Michael Milken pleaded guilty to fraud-related charges. He agreed to pay US$500 million in restitution and was sentenced on November 21 to 10 years in jail.source
1990April 24 – Cold War: West Germany and East Germany agree to merge currency and economies on July 1.source
19904 May – The combined Fraser and Neave and Asia Pacific Breweries factory opens in Tuas.Singapore source
1990May 28 – 1990 Arab League summit: Saddam Hussein receives the emir of Kuwait for a diplomatic visit, at a time when his country and its decent oil revenues are being pushed into bankruptcy by Kuwait's lowering of the price of oil. A dictator with ambitions, Saddam wants to continue increasing his military strength, and so confronts Kuwait instead. After the public events, Hussein invites Arab leaders to a private meeting. Here, he threatens war on Kuwait unless Kuwait stops lowering the price of oil, recalls then-Iraqi foreign minister Tariq Aziz.source
1990May 29 – European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) is founded.source
19901 June – A formal complaint is filed by Americas Watch with Carla Hills, the US Trade Representative, questioning Colombia's eligibility for trade benefits under the Generalized System of Preferences on the basis of labor rights violations and unionist persecution.Colombia source
1990June 3 – The Social Democratic Party (SDP) in the United Kingdom is dissolved after two years of poor results.source
1990July 1 – German reunification: East Germany and West Germany merge their economies, the West German Deutsche Mark becoming the official currency of the East also. The Inner German border (constructed 1945) also ceases to function.source
1990July 1 – Argentina announces the sale of its state-owned airline, Aerolineas Argentinas, to Spanish airline Iberia. The sale will be completed in November.source
1990August 8 – The government of Peru announces an austerity plan that results in huge increases in the price of food and gasoline. The plan sets off days of rioting and a national strike on August 21.source
1990August: Benazir Bhutto's first government is dismissed as Prime Minister of Pakistan on charges of incompetence and corruption by President Ghulam Ishaq Khan. See Mehrangate.Pakistan source
19901 September – The Lembaga Letrik Negara (National Electricity Board) (LLN) was incorporated as Tenaga Nasional Berhad (TNB).Malaysia source
1990October 17 – VTB Bank was founded.Soviet Union source
1990October 29 – In Norway, the government headed by Prime Minister of Norway Jan P. Syse collapses.source
1990December 24 – Ramsewak Shankar is ousted as President of Suriname by a military coup.source
199111 January – The National Science and Technology Board is formed to enhance R&D activities in Singapore.Singapore source
199118 January – The establishment of Mongolian Stock Exchange.Mongolia source
19911 April: Economic Minister Domingo Cavallo establishes the Argentine peso's 1:1 peg to the U.S. dollar to control inflation.Argentina source
1991April 2 – Economy of the Soviet Union: Government-imposed price increases double or triple the cost of consumer goods in the Soviet Union.source
1991April 12 – The Warsaw Stock Exchange opens in Poland.source
1991April 15 – End of Apartheid: The European Economic Community lifts economic sanctions on South Africa.source
199130 April – A sharp raise in government controlled commodity pricesTurkey source
1991June 28 – SM Megamall is opened as the third SM Supermall in the Philippines.Philippines source
1991July 15 – Chemical Bank and Manufacturers Hanover Corporation amalgamate, becoming the largest bank merger in history.source
1991July 24 – Finance Minister of India Manmohan Singh announces a new industrial policy, marking the start of economic liberalisation in India.source
1991July 29 – In New York City, a grand jury indicts Bank of Credit and Commerce International of the largest bank fraud in history, accusing the bank of defrauding depositors of US$5 billion.source
1991August 14 – NTT Docomo was founded.Japan source
1991September 15 – In the Swedish general election, the Social Democrats suffer their worst election results in 60 years, leading to the resignation of Prime Minister Ingvar Carlsson.source
1991October 3 – Speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives Tom Foley announces the closure of the House Bank by the end of the year after revelations that House members have written numerous bad checks.source
1991November 4–5 – End of Apartheid: The African National Congress leads a general strike, demanding representation in the government and an end to the value-added tax.source
1991November 26 – Michael Jackson releases Dangerous, selling 5 million copies in the first week.source
199123 December - Croatian dinar introduced.Croatia source
1991The Naranjeros de Álamo are founded.Mexico source
199225 March – Eurocypria Airlines Limited, a charter airline owned by the government of Cyprus, was founded.Cyprus source
199230 March - Act No. 22 of 1992 - Labour Code (consolidation) is adopted.Hungary source
19921 April – Tradewinds is rebranded to SilkAir as part of an overhaul, first announced on 12 March.Singapore source
1992May 1 – Lithuania introduces a new temporary currency, the talonas.source
1992June 20 – Estonia adopts the kroon as currency, becoming the first former Soviet Republic to replace the Soviet rouble.source
199220 June – The Soviet ruble was replaced with kroon.Estonia source
1992June 25 – The Black Sea Economic Cooperation (BSEC) is founded.source
199223 July - North Korea snubs China by not sending a congratulatory message on the Communist Party's anniversary.South Korea source
199210 August – P&TLuxembourg is created as a government-owned corporation.Luxembourg source
1992August 12 – Canada, Mexico and the United States announce that a deal has been reached on the North American Free Trade Agreement; this will be formally signed on December 17.source
1992September 16 – Black Wednesday: The pound sterling and the Italian lira are forced out of the European Exchange Rate Mechanism.source
1992IMPAR, an insurance company, established in PraiaCape Verde source
19921992 Uruguayan privatisation referendum on 13th December 1992, which resulted in a majority voting in favor of privatizationUruguay source
1993January 1 – The European Economic Community eliminates trade barriers and creates a European single market.source
19931 March – The Securities Commission (SC) was established.Malaysia source
1993March 12 – North Korea nuclear weapons program: North Korea announces that it plans to withdraw from the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty and refuses to allow inspectors access to nuclear sites, beginning the 1993–94 North Korean Nuclear Crisis.source
1993March 24 – South Africa officially abandons its nuclear weapons programme. President de Klerk announces that the country's six warheads had already been dismantled in 1989.source
19938 June – Securities and Exchange Commission (Bangladesh), the regulator of the capital market of Bangladesh, was established under the Securities and Exchange Commission Act, 1993.Bangladesh source
199324 June – Northern Ireland Minister Michael Mates resigns over links with tycoon Asil Nadir.Northern Ireland source
1993June 25 – The litas is introduced as the new currency of Lithuania.source
1993June 25 – Jacques Attali resigns as President of the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development.source
19939-10 June – The Democratic National Salvation Front absorbs the Republican Party (Partidul Republican), the Cooperatist Party (Partidul Cooperatist) and the Socialist Democratic Party, renaming itself into the Romanian Social Democratic Party. Oliviu Gherman is reelected the party's president and Adrian Năstase is elected executive president.Romania source
1993August – The European Exchange Rate Mechanism margin was expanded to 15% to accommodate speculation against the French franc and other currencies.source
1993September – The first Namibian dollar notes were issued.Namibia source
1993October 23 – The National Forces' Movement is founded through the merger of the Happiness Party and the Hungarian Republican Party.Hungary source
19931 November – SingTel is listed on the then Stock Exchange of Singapore (present day Singapore Exchange) after an IPO in October.Singapore source
1993November 17–22 – The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) passes the legislative houses in the United States, Canada and Mexico.source
1993December 8 – U.S. President Bill Clinton signs into law the North American Free Trade Agreement.source
1993December 15 – The Uruguay Round of General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) talks reach a successful conclusion after seven years.source
1993Agronic Oy was established in Haapavesi.Finland source
1994January 1 – The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) is established.source
1994January 1 – The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) between Mexico, Canada and the United States goes into effectMexico source
1994January - October 1994: 1994 North Korean nuclear crisis;North Korea source
199413 June – México, Colombia, and Venezuela sign the G3 Free Trade Agreement.Colombia source
1994July 5 – Jeff Bezos founds Amazon.source
1994August – The Supreme Court declares the controversial VAT (value-added tax) Law legal, and rules as well that the enacted law does not interfering human rights. In response, the Energy Regulatory Board (ERB) later orders a rollback of gasoline prices by ₱1, and also orders the National Power Corporation to lower fuel price cost adjustment charges covering a 17-day period in the first quarter of the year.Philippines source
199418 September - The first tier of the 1994 Hong Kong electoral reform, pertaining to the reform of the local councils, was carried out by the last governor of Hong Kong, Chris Patten, to broaden the electorate base of the territory.Hong Kong source
199422 October - The last National Registration Identity Card (NRIC) replacement exercise takes place in Choa Chu Kang Community Club, marking the end of a three-year replacement programme. For those who did not re-register yet, a grace period will be given until 1995. From 1 January 1996, the old laminated NRICs will be invalid.Singapore source
19948 November – Rahmi Koç was elected as the new president of the International Chamber of CommerceTurkey source
1994December 19 – A planned exchange rate correction of the Mexican peso to the US dollar, becomes a massive financial meltdown in Mexico, unleashing the 'Tequila' effect on global financial markets. This prompts a US$50 billion "bailout" by the Clinton administration.source
1994Iceland's primary import source is the United Kingdom, with imports valued at $221,000,000.Iceland source
1995January 1 – The World Trade Organization (WTO) is established to replace the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT).source
19951 January – The G3 Free Trade Agreement between Colombia, México, and Venezuela goes into effect.Colombia source
1995January 31 – Mexican peso crisis: U.S. President Bill Clinton invokes emergency powers to extend a $20 billion loan to help Mexico avert financial collapse.source
1995February 26 – The United Kingdom's oldest investment banking firm, Barings Bank, collapses after securities broker Nick Leeson loses $1.4 billion by speculating on the Tokyo Stock Exchange.source
199516 June – McDonald's opens its first restaurant in Romania, inside the Unirea S.A. building in Bucharest.Romania source
199523 June – The National Parks Autonomous Agency is formed.Spain source
1995June - the government announced policies that backtracked on earlier commitments to reduce the fiscal deficit and lower import tariffs.Pakistan source
199520 August – The Selective En bloc Redevelopment Scheme (SERS) was announced to unlock economic value for residential buildings. On the same day, the Executive Condominium scheme was introduced to meet Singaporeans' aspirations for condominium living, which may be too expensive for some.Singapore source
1995September – Nationwide inflation rate increases to 11.8%, the highest in 45 months, which has caused by rice and sugar crises.Philippines source
1995October 27 – Former President Roh Tae-woo made a public apology about secret funds scandal.South Korea source
1995Bangladesh participated in the 1995 Asia Cup held in Sharjah, UAE and lost all 3 of their matches.Bangladesh source
1996January 31 – Colombo Central Bank bombing: an explosives-filled truck rams into the gates of the Central Bank in Colombo, Sri Lanka, killing at least 86 people and injuring 1,400.source
19962 February – The Maritime and Port Authority of Singapore is formed from a merger between the Marine Department (under the then Ministry of Communications), National Maritime Board and the Regulatory departments of the former Port of Singapore Authority (PSA). This helps to streamline maritime operations.Singapore source
1996February 9 – Disney formally finalizes its $19 billion acquisition of the ABC parent, Capital Cities/ABC Inc.source
1996March 15 – Fokker, a major manufacturer of small size aircraft, goes bankrupt in Netherlands.source
1996March 26 – The International Monetary Fund approves a $10.2 billion loan to Russia for economic reform.source
199630 May: The airline Baires Fly is established.Argentina source
1996August - The United States announced sanctions on companies with greater than $40 million (USD) annual investments in Libya or Iran, despite objections from Germany, France, Canada, and the European Union.Libya source
199616 September over 25,000 residents of Facatativá, Cundinamarca protest over after many received increased energy bills, with rate increases as high as 300%.Colombia source
199628 October – The Eritrean Investment and Development Bank (EIDB) was established.Eritrea source
19965 November – Starting with a base of 350 points, the share price index of the Dhaka Stock Exchange rose as high as 3,648.75 points. The following day it started falling and it came down to 462 points in May 1999. The crash left millions of investors penniless.Bangladesh source
1996December 3 – Ehsanullah Ehsan, the chairman of the Taliban's Central Bank, declared most Afghani notes in circulation to be worthless and cancelled the contract with the Russian firm that had been printing the currency since 1992. Ehsan accused the firm of sending new shipments of Afghani notes to ousted president Burhanuddin Rabbani in northern Takhar Province.Afghanistan source
1996December 10 – The Supreme Court rejects a petition from the Presidential Commission on Good Government to keep five individuals appointed to the 15-member board of directors of the San Miguel Corporation, allowing former Marcos crony Danding Cojuangco to regain his shares, including the company, which were sequestered by the government after the 1986 ouster of president Ferdinand Marcos.Philippines source
1997March 4 – U.S. President Bill Clinton bans federal funding for any research on human cloning.source
199717 May – The Compagnie Grand-Ducale d'Électricité du Luxembourg is renamed 'Cegedel'.Luxembourg source
1997May 26 and June 4 – President Ramos declares a state of calamity in Metro Manila and the provinces of Bataan, Bulacan, Pampanga, Rizal and Zambales due to the impact of Tropical Depression Bining.Philippines source
1997July 2 – The Bank of Thailand floats the baht, triggering the Asian financial crisis.source
19972 July – the Bank of Thailand floats the baht, leading to rapid devaluationThailand source
1997July 17 – The F. W. Woolworth Company closes after 117 years in business.source
199721 July – Economic crisis in Malaysia. The Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange (KLSE) Composite Index fell below 200 points.Malaysia source
1997date unknown - La Voz del Interior, the leading daily newspaper of Córdoba, is acquired by the Clarín Group.Argentina source
19978 December – ST Engineering was created from a merger of four companies, namely ST Aerospace, ST Electronics, ST Kinetics and ST Marine. The merger was announced earlier on 28 August.Singapore source
1997December 19 – James Cameron's Titanic is released in theaters in the United States. It will become the fourth highest-grossing film of all time (adjusted for inflation).source
1997Bangladesh participated in 1997 South Asian Football Federation Gold Cup held in Nepal, where they exited in the group stage.Bangladesh source
1997Convergence was founded as a "national political grouping".Mexico source
1998January 17 – The Drudge Report breaks the story about U.S. President Bill Clinton's alleged affair with Monica Lewinsky, which will lead to the House of Representatives' impeachment of him.source
199811 February – J. Soedradjad Djiwandono is dismissed from his office of the governor of the Bank of Indonesia.Indonesia source
1998February 25 – Alaska v. Native Village of Venetie Tribal Government: The SCOTUS rules against the Neets'aii Gwich'in Indian nation, who had been levying taxes on non-natives in order to fund a local airstrip; the Court ruled that only the federal and state governments may collect taxes.source
1998Boris Yeltsin dismisses Prime Minister Viktor Chernomyrdin in "an effort to make economic reforms more energetic and effective."source
199817 April – The Chile–Mexico Free Trade Agreement is signed.Chile source
199823 April – The snacks maker Aprilia is founded in Târgu Jiu.Romania source
1998May 11 – The first euro coins are minted in Pessac, France. Because the final specifications for the coins are not finished, they will have to be melted and minted again in 1999.source
1998May 18 – The Department of Justice files an antitrust lawsuit against Microsoft, alleging its Windows operating system unfairly takes market share from Netscape's Navigator.source
1998June 1 – The European Central Bank is established, replacing the European Monetary Institute.source
199824 July – The Ministry of Finance announced the acquisition of POSBank by DBS Bank in a push to consolidate Singapore's banks into stronger banks, as well as cater to changing consumer profiles. The acquisition will make DBS Bank the largest Southeast Asian bank and largest retail bank in Singapore with S$93 billion in assets. The POSBank brand will be retained too. The acquisition is completed on 16 November 1998.Singapore source
1998August 17 – Russia's government devalues the ruble, defaults on domestic debt, and declares a moratorium on repayment of foreign debt. This marks the beginning of 1998 Russian financial crisis.source
19982 September – Dato' Seri Anwar Ibrahim, the deputy prime minister was sacked from fifth Mahathir cabinet and parliament.Malaysia source
1998September 25–28 – Major creditors of Long-Term Capital Management, a Greenwich, Connecticut-based hedge fund, after days of tough bargaining and some informal mediation by Federal Reserve officials, agree on terms of a re-capitalization to avoid a wider collapse in financial markets.source
1998December 16 – Iraq disarmament crisis: U.S. President Bill Clinton orders airstrikes on Iraq. UNSCOM withdraws all weapons inspectors from Iraq.source
1998December 31 – In the Eurozone, the currency rates of this day are fixed permanently.source
199831 December – The exchange rate between the Luxembourgian franc and the ECU at close of trading is 40.3399. This rate is then fixed as the level at which Luxembourg would join the Euro.Luxembourg source
1998The European Small Business Alliance organization is formed.source
1998Bolsa de Valores de Cabo Verde (Cape Verdean Stock Exchange) established in PraiaCape Verde source
1998Japan and other nations to impose economic sanctions.Pakistan source
1999January 1 – The euro currency is established, and the European Central Bank assumes full powers.source
1999January 1: The Euro Currency officially entered circulation in the European Union (EU) Eurozone member area countries, then formally made its debut on European and the world financial markets.Netherlands source
19991 January - The Euro Currency officially entered circulation in the European Union (EU) Eurozone member area countries, then formally made its debut on European and the worldwide financial markets.Spain source
199918 January: The Argentine peso continues to decline in value against the U.S. dollar, which is a source of concern for both businesses and individuals. There is talk of abandoning the Argentine peso for the US dollar.Argentina source
1999March 29 – For the first time, the Dow Jones Industrial Average closes above the 10,000 mark, at 10,006.78.source
1999June 8 – The government of Colombia announces it will include the estimated value of the country's illegal drug crops, exceeding half a billion US dollars, in its gross national product.source
1999September 20 – Start of the 1999 Greek stock market crash.source
1999September 30 - The 50 Fillér coin is removed from circulationHungary source
19991 October – After a resounding corruption scandal that revealed the robbing of the bank, the government liquidates the bankrupt Bancorex.Romania source
1999Abahani Ltd. won the title of Bangladesh Federation Cup while Muktijoddha Sangsad KC became runner-up.Bangladesh source
1999Gabon of the Future was founded by Sylvestre Oyouomi.Gabon source
1999Unemployment in the West Bank was estimated at 9.6%.Palestine source