/year

November 8 in history

216 sourced entries recorded on November 8, from 30 CE to 2022 CE. Every line is quoted from the revision it came from.

Events

  • 324Emperor Constantine declares his son, Flavius Julius Constantius, to the rank of caesar, designating Flavius as his successor. Flavius will ascend the throne as Constantine the Second in 337 AD.source
  • 392Theodosius I issues an edict reinforcing the prohibition of prayers or sacrifices at non-Christian temples, leading to the persecution of pagans and the end of the almost 2,000-year-old Eleusinian Mysteries. He also bans items of pagan spiritual significance that could be used in the home, such as incense or spiritual figures.source
  • 441The first Council of Orange is convened under the guidance of Hilary of Arles in Orange (France).source
  • 641Siege of Alexandria: Muslim Arabs under 'Amr ibn al-'As capture Alexandria after a six-month siege. Byzantine officials formally capitulate to Amr, turning the city over to Arab hands.source
  • 755K'ahk' Ukalaw Chan Chaak is installed as the new ruler of the Mayan city state of Naranjo in Guatemala and reigns until his death in 780.source
  • 960Battle of Andrassos: The Byzantines under Leo Phokas the Younger defeat the Hamdanid army (30,000 men) in an ambush in the passages of the Cilician mountains, in south Asia Minor (modern-day Turkey). Emir Sayf al-Dawla barely manages to escape, and returns to Aleppo with only 300 horsemen. The Hamdanids can no longer afford to raid in Anatolia, which is a turning point in the Arab-Byzantine wars in the East.source
  • 1256November 8–23 – Siege of Maymun-Diz: Mongol forces under Hulagu Khan successfully besiege the mountain castle of Maymun-Diz. Hulagu encircles the fortress and begins a bombardment for three days by mangonels from a nearby hilltop. On November 19, Nizari Isma'ili imam Rukn al-Din Khurshah surrenders, but a small part of the garrison refuses and fights a last stand, until they are killed after three days.source
  • 1278Trần Thánh Tông, second emperor of Vietnam's Trần dynasty, takes up the post of Retired Emperor, but continues for 11 years to co-rule with his son Trần Khâm.source
  • 1345The English take La Réole in Gascony.source
  • 1349Ibn Battuta arrives in Fez, Morocco.source
  • 1397Thomas Arundel, accused of high treason by King Richard II of England, is replaced by Roger Walden as Archbishop of Canterbury.source
  • 1412November 8 (5th waxing of Nadaw 774 ME) – Ava–Hanthawaddy War: In modern-day Myanmar, King Razadarit of Hanthawaddy leads the invasion of the city of Prome with 4,000 troops.source
  • 1414The coronation of Sigismund of Luxembourg as King of the Romans takes place at Aachen, four years after he had been elected.source
  • 1416Admiral Pietro Loredan is hailed as a hero upon his return to Venice after the Battle of Gallipoli.source
  • 1443Battle of Niš: John Hunyadi and the army of the Crusade of Varna defeat three armies of the Ottoman Empire, and capture the city of Niš in modern-day Serbia; Skanderbeg deserts the Ottoman camp and goes to Albania.source
  • 1476Báthory's invasion of Wallachia is successful in capturing Târgoviște.source
  • 1478Eskender succeeds his father Baeda Maryam as Emperor of Ethiopia, at the age of seven, initially under the regency of his mother, Romna Wark.source
  • 1480After reinforcements from Lithuania fail to arrive for more than four weeks, Akhmat Khan orders the Mongols to end their attempt to conquer the Grand Duchy of Moscow.source
  • 1494Facing little opposition in his march across Italy, King Charles VIII of France captures Pisa.source
  • 1515At Jodhpur, Rao Ganga became the new ruler of the Kingdom of Marwar in what is now the Indian state of Rajasthan, after the Rathore nobility determine that he is better suited to rule than his older brother Rao Viramde or his cousin Biram Singh.source
  • 1519Hernán Cortés enters Tenochtitlan, capital of the Aztec Empire, and appears at the court of Aztec ruler Moctezuma II.source
  • 1540William Whorwood becomes the new Attorney General for England and Wales, succeeding Sir John Bakersource
  • 1546(5 Cimi 19 Xul, Mayan calendar) An uprising by the Maya civilization against the Spanish colonial administrators of New Spain begins in the Yucatan area of Mexico, with simultaneous attacks at Mérida, Valladolid, and Bacalar. The attack comes from seven Mayan provinces on the Gulf of Mexico, Cupul, Cochuah, Sotuta, Tases, Uaymil, Chetumal, and Chikinchel. The rebellion is suppressed by March and the instigators are arrested and executed.source
  • 1560Eloy Mestrelle is given authority to commence the production of the new English coinage on machines he has brought over from France for the purpose of mass production.source
  • 1575The Sejm of Poland meets in Warsaw to elect a new King of Poland after King Henryk has failed to return from France, and considers 11 candidates.source
  • 1576Pacification of Ghent: The States General of the Netherlands meet and unite to oppose pillaging Spanish mutineers.source
  • 1593Assembly of Protestants of the kingdom at Mantes (ends 23 January 1594).source
  • 1595The Battle of Guadalupe Island is fought between nine English Navy warships (led by Sir Francis Drake) and eight Spanish frigates off in the North Atlantic Ocean. The Spanish force wins the battle, capturing one ship and killing 45 English sailors. Both sets of ships proceed toward Puerto Rico.source
  • 1602The Bodleian Library at the University of Oxford in England is opened.source
  • 1605Thomas Jones is appointed to succeed Adam Loftus as Archbishop of Dublin (Church of Ireland).source
  • 1610The Basque witch trials come to an end after almost two years. Out of about 7,000 persons accused of witchcraft, only six are condemned to be executed by the Spanish Inquisition as two men (Domingo de Subildegui and Petri de Joangorena) and four women (María de Echachute, Graciana Xarra, Maria Baztan de Borda, and Maria de Arburu) are burned at the stake at Logroño.source
  • 1620Thirty Years' War: Battle of White Mountain – Catholic Habsburg forces are victorious over Bohemian rebels two hours from Prague.source
  • 1623December 5 – Publication between these dates in London of the "First Folio" (Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies), a collection of 36 of the plays of Shakespeare, half of which have not previously been printed.source
  • 1632Wladyslaw IV Waza is elected king of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, after Sigismund III Vasa's death.source
  • 1644The Shunzhi Emperor, the second emperor of the Qing dynasty, is enthroned in Beijing after the collapse of the Ming dynasty as the first Qing emperor to rule over China proper.source
  • 1653The Battle of Arronches takes place near the town of Arronches on the Portuguese side of the border between Portugal and Spain, with the Portuguese Army outflanking and defeating a larger Spanish force.source
  • 1658November 8 (October 29 old style) – The Battle of the Sound takes place between the navies of the Dutch Republic (with 41 warships) and of Sweden (with 45) at the Øresund, a strait between Denmark and Sweden's newly-acquired territory, the former Danish island of Scania. The Dutch Republic is successful at breaking the Swedish Navy's blockade of Copenhagen, and Sweden is forced to retreat, bringing an end to the attempted conquest of Denmark.source
  • 1668Iliaș Alexandru steps down as the voivode or elected ruler of Moldavia (now part of Romania and the Republic of Moldova) and is replaced by his predecessor, Gheorghe Duca.source
  • 1671Dionysius IV, bishop of Larissa, is elected as the Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople, leader of the Eastern Orthodox Christians, after Parthenius IV is sent into exile.source
  • 1684James Renwick, a Scottish minister and one of the "Covenanters" challenging the attempt by Kings James VI and Charles I to take over churches in Scotland, posts his "Apologetical Declaration" on church doors and market crosses in and around Cambusnethan, Lanarkshire.source
  • 1685November 8 (October 29 O.S.) – The Edict of Potsdam is issued by Frederick William, Elector of Brandenburg in response to France's Edict of Fontainebleau, welcoming the Protestant Huguenots of France to resettle in eastern Germany in Brandenburg. The French Colony of Magdeburg is established on December 1 in Saxony as a community separate from Magdeburg.source
  • 1687Suleiman II succeeds the deposed Mehmed IV, as Ottoman Emperor.source
  • 1692William Mountfort's play Henry The Second, King Of England; With The Death Of Rosamond is given its first performance, premiering at the Drury Lane Theatre.source
  • 1725The first newspaper in the Province of New York, the New-York Gazette, is introduced by William Bradford as a weekly publication.source
  • 1726November 8 (October 28 Old Style) – Jonathan Swift's satirical novel Gulliver's Travels is first published (anonymously) in London; it sells out within a week.source
  • 1736poet Allan Ramsay establishes the first regular public theatre company in Scotland, at Carrubber's Close in Edinburgh.source
  • 1745Jacobite rising of 1745: Charles Edward Stuart crosses from Scotland into England for the first time. He arrives at Longtown, Cumbria, and spends the night at a nearby village, the Riddings, then leads his army south along the right bank of the River Eden the next day.source
  • 1752British Governor Hopson of Nova Scotia and French Governor General of New France, the Marquis Duquesne, agree to a free exchange of deserters from each other's armies in Canada, with the understanding that neither side will execute a deserter once returned.source
  • 1766The wedding of Christian VII and Caroline Matilda of Great Britain takes place at Christiansborg Palace accompanied by extensive celebrations throughout the city. The couple has already been married by proxy in London on 1 October.source
  • 1770Crown Prince Gustav and his youngest brother travel to Paris.source
  • 1788Voting takes place in the 11 states that have ratified the United States Constitution for the first U.S. Senators; in Virginia, Richard Henry Lee and William Grayson, both anti-federalists, receive the highest number of votes in the Virginia Senate.source
  • 1798British whaler John Fearn becomes the first European to land on Nauru.source
  • 18081808 United States presidential election: James Madison defeats Charles C. Pinckney, winning 122 electoral votes to Pinckney's 47. Ten of the 17 states choose their electors by popular vote; the rest choose through state legislatures. George Clinton, who is separately elected as vice president, gets six electoral votes for president.source
  • 1809Boyd massacre: The Boyd, Captain John Thompson, leaves Port Jackson for New Zealand with two Māori as crew including Te Aara ('George'). During the trip George is flogged for not working as instructed.source
  • 1822The Battle of Pirajá. It was the largest engagement in the fight for the independence of Bahia, involving approximately 10,000 troops.source
  • 1830Ferdinand II becomes King of the Two Sicilies.source
  • 1831The Kings School (Parramatta) was approved to be established.source
  • 1834Opening of the Catholic University of Belgium in Mechelen.source
  • 1837Mount Holyoke Female Seminary, later Mount Holyoke College, is founded in South Hadley, Massachusetts.source
  • 1837Mary Lyon founds Mount Holyoke Female Seminary, which will later become Mount Holyoke College.source
  • 1847November 4–8 – James Young Simpson discovers the anesthetic properties of chloroform and first uses it, successfully, on a patient, in an obstetric case in Edinburgh.source
  • 1861Trent Affair – The USS San Jacinto stops the United Kingdom mail ship Trent, and arrests two Confederate envoys, James Mason and John Slidell, sparking a diplomatic crisis between the U.K. and U.S.source
  • 1861The Trent Affair: British packet steamer Trent stopped by United States warship in international waters. Two Confederate diplomats taken off and imprisoned in Boston.source
  • 1861American Civil War – Trent Affair: The USS San Jacinto stops the United Kingdom mail ship Trent and arrests two Confederate envoys, James Mason and John Slidell, sparking a diplomatic crisis between the U.K. and U.S.source
  • 18641864 United States presidential election: Abraham Lincoln is reelected, in an overwhelming victory over George B. McClellan.source
  • 1867An underground explosion at Ferndale Colliery in the Rhondda kills 178.source
  • 1871At Lyksborg Slot, Princess Thyra gives birth to a daughter, conceived in a love affair with a cavalry lieutenant. The girl is adopted by a couple in Odense shortly after birth.source
  • 1873Winnipeg incorporated as a city.source
  • 1887Emile Berliner is granted a U.S. patent for the Berliner Gramophone.source
  • 1888Joseph Assheton Fincher files a patent in the United Kingdom for the parlour game which he calls "Tiddledy-Winks".source
  • 1889Montana is admitted as the 41st U.S. state.source
  • 1889Higher Institute of Philosophy founded at Catholic University of Leuvensource
  • 18921892 United States presidential election: Grover Cleveland is elected over Benjamin Harrison and James B. Weaver, to win the second of his non-consecutive terms.source
  • 1892An anarchist bomb kills six in a police station in Avenue de l'Opéra, Paris.source
  • 1892The four-day New Orleans General Strike begins.source
  • 1894The Italian cargo steamship Etnea struck the rocks of the islet of Školjić west of Unije and sank.source
  • 1894The Touring Club Ciclistico Italiano (TCCI) is founded in Milan by a group of bicyclists to promote the values of cycling and travel; its founding president is Luigi Vittorio Bertarelli.source
  • 1895Wilhelm Röntgen discovers the type of electromagnetic radiation later known as X-rays.source
  • 1898Count Yamagata Aritomo forms a new government as Prime Minister of Japan.source
  • 1898Elections are held in the U.S. for all 357 seats in the House of Representatives, as well as for the governors and state legislature of 25 of the 45 states. With 179 needed for a majority, the Republican Party maintains control with 187 seats, despite losing 19; the Democratic party gains 37 to reach 124 seats; the Populist party losses all but five of its 22 seats, and the other 4 seats are controlled by smaller parties. Among Governors elected are Theodore Roosevelt as Governor of the state of New York.source
  • 1899The Bronx Zoological Park opens in New York City.source
  • 1900Prime Minister Giuseppe Saracco signs the decree establishing the Saredo Inquiry, officially known as the Royal Commission of Inquiry into Naples (Reale Commissione d’Inchiesta per Napoli), presided by senator Giuseppe Saredo, tasked with investigating corruption and bad governance of the city of Naples and to investigate how huge amounts of money that had been poured into Naples after the cholera epidemic of 1884 had vanished without noticeable benefit for the city's poor.source
  • 19041904 United States presidential election: Republican incumbent Theodore Roosevelt defeats Democrat Alton B. Parker.source
  • 1909Fire at Robert Morrison fibroid comb factory in New York City kills 9.source
  • 1911Natal – Port Shepstone to Paddock (Narrow gauge), 24 mi 30 ch.source
  • 1913November 7–11 – The Great Lakes Storm of 1913 kills more than 250.source
  • 1913November 7–11 – The Great Lakes Storm of 1913 in North America claims 19 ships, and more than 250 lives.source
  • 1913November 7 – November 8 – A storm on the Great Lakes sinks some thirty-four shipssource
  • 1917November 8 (N.S.) (October 26, O.S.) – Following the October Revolution, Alexandra Kollontai is appointed People's Commissar for Social Welfare in the Council of People's Commissars of the Government of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, the first woman cabinet minister in Europe.source
  • 1923Beer Hall Putsch: In Munich, Adolf Hitler leads the Nazis in an unsuccessful attempt to overthrow the Bavarian government; police and troops crush the attempt the next day in one of several significant events on 9 November in German history. 20 people die as a result of associated violence.source
  • 1927270 South Wales people join a hunger march in protest against the Ministry of Health who refused and limited the relief notes given to unemployed miners and their families.source
  • 1928Odd Langholm, economist and historian of economic thoughtsource
  • 1931November 4–18 - Jiangqiao Campaignsource
  • 1931French police launch a large-scale raid against Corsican bandits.source
  • 1931The Panama Canal is closed for a couple of weeks, due to damage caused by earthquakes.source
  • 19321932 United States presidential election: Democratic governor of New York Franklin D. Roosevelt defeats incumbent Republican president Herbert Hoover in a landslide victory, having promised a New Deal and repeal of Prohibition.source
  • 1932U.S. presidential election, 1932: Democratic Governor of New York Franklin D. Roosevelt defeats incumbent Republican President Herbert Hoover in a landslide victory, having promised a New Deal and repeal of Prohibition.source
  • 1933New Deal: U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt unveils the Civil Works Administration, an organization designed to create jobs for more than 4 million of the unemployed.source
  • 1938November 8 to November 11. Polish legislative election,source
  • 1939WWII: In Munich, an attempt to kill Adolf Hitler is made by Georg Elser while Hitler is celebrating the 16th anniversary of the Beer Hall Putsch.source
  • 1939CBS television station W2XAB resumes test transmission, with an all-electronic system broadcast from the top of the Chrysler Building in New York City.source
  • 1940November 2–8 – WWII: Greco-Italian War – Battle of Elaia–Kalamas in Epirus: Outnumbered Greek forces repel the Italian Army.source
  • 1940WWII: MS City of Rayville is sunk by a naval mine off Cape Otway, Australia (the first United States Merchant Marine loss of the war).source
  • 1944WWII: A German surrender of Middelburg, Zeeland, to Allied forces ends the Battle of the Scheldt after five weeks, opening the Belgian port of Antwerp to Allied shipping. The bulk of the fighting has been by Canadians, with over 6,000 casualties.source
  • 1949The first presidential election under the post-colonial republic is held, with a four-year presidency, third of the Senate with a 6-year term, and the 97-seat House of Representatives with a 4-year term, being at stake. Incumbent president Quirino of the LP successfully defends his seat against former president Jose P. Laurel of the Nacionalista Party and former Senate president Avelino who has founded an LP faction; his new term will start on December 30.source
  • 1950Korean War: While in an F-80, United States Air Force Lt. Russell J. Brown intercepts 2 North Korean MiG-15s near the Yalu River and shoots them down, in the first jet-to-jet dogfight in history.source
  • 19601960 United States presidential election: In a close race, Democratic U. S. Senator John F. Kennedy is elected over Republican U. S. Vice President Richard Nixon, to become (at 43) the second youngest man to serve as President of the United States, and the youngest man elected to this position.source
  • 1961Imperial Airlines Flight 201/8 crashes while attempting to land at Richmond, Virginia, United States, killing 77 people on board.source
  • 1963November 7 – 11 German miners are rescued from a collapsed mine after 14 days in what becomes known as the "Wunder von Lengede" ("miracle of Lengede").source
  • 1963Finnair aircraft OH-LCA crashes before landing at Mariehamn Airport on Åland.source
  • 1965Vietnam War – Operation Hump: The United States Army 173rd Airborne is ambushed by over 1,200 Viet Cong.source
  • 1968The Vienna Convention on Road Signs and Signals is signed and ratified.source
  • 1971Army members, searching for Moslem voters in Lanao del Sur, open fire on civilians, killing 39 and injuring 36. Fourteen military personnel would later be charged of murder in April 1972.source
  • 1971Led Zeppelin release their fourth studio album Led Zeppelin IV, which goes on to sell 23,000,000 copies in the United States.source
  • 1973Millennium '73, a festival hosted by Guru Maharaj Ji at the Astrodome, is called by supporters the "most significant event in human history".source
  • 1977San Francisco elects City Supervisor Harvey Milk, the first openly gay elected official of any large city in the U.S.source
  • 1977Greek archaeologist Manolis Andronikos discovers the tomb of Philip II of Macedon at Vergina.source
  • 1980November 8–9 – President Marcos issues proclamations declaring a state of public calamity in the provinces of Aurora, Cagayan, Ifugao, Isabela, Kalinga-Apayao, La Union, Nueva Ecija, Nueva Vizcaya, Pangasinan, Quirino, Tarlac, and parts of Bulacan and Pampanga, due to the effects of Typhoon Betty (Aring). The cyclone has hit Luzon on November 4, and has killed more than 50 people in a landslide in Santa Fe, Nueva Vizcaya.source
  • 1982Kenan Evren becomes the seventh president of Turkey as a result of the constitution referendum. His former title was "head of state".source
  • 1985SM City North EDSA is opened as the first SM Supermall in the Philippines.source
  • 1988The United States Vice-president and Republican nominee George H. W. Bush defeats the Democratic nominee and Governor of Massachusetts, Michael Dukakis, in the 1988 United States Presidential Election.source
  • 1992More than 350,000 people rally in Berlin to protest right-wing violence against immigrants; stones and eggs are thrown at President of Germany Richard von Weizsäcker and Chancellor of Germany Helmut Kohl.source
  • 1994"Republican Revolution": Georgia Representative Newt Gingrich leads the United States Republican Party in taking control of both the House of Representatives and the Senate in midterm congressional elections, the first time in 40 years the Republicans secure control of both houses of Congress. George W. Bush is elected Governor of Texas.source
  • 1994Rahmi Koç was elected as the new president of the International Chamber of Commercesource
  • 1994Hurricane Gordon hits Central America, Jamaica, Cuba, the Bahamas, Haiti and the Southeastern United States, causing $594 million in damages and 1,152 fatalities.source
  • 1996All 144 people on board a Nigerian-owned Boeing 727 die after the aircraft crashed into the Atlantic Ocean while approaching Lagos airport.source
  • 1996The Prince of Wales (now Charles III) visits Almaty during his royal tour of Central Asia.source
  • 2002The United Nations Security Council unanimously adopts Resolution 1441, forcing Iraq to either disarm or face "serious consequences". Iraq agrees to the terms of the resolution on November 13.source
  • 2006Microsoft releases Windows Vista for manufacturing.source
  • 2013President Chinchilla met Pope Francis in the Apostolic Palace Library in the Vatican, accompanied by a presidential delegation of thirteen people including the Minister of Communications, Carlos Roverssi; the Foreign Minister, Enrique Castillo; foreign policy chief, Javier Díaz; Deputy Ileana Brenes Jiménez of the National Liberation Party; the Costa Rican ambassador to the Vatican, Fernando Sánchez; the President's personal assistant, Alejandra Fonseca; Secretary of the Governing Council, Marta Monge; the chief of protocol, Ludwig Sibaja; and the President's husband. During their 25-minute meeting, Chinchilla gave the Pope a handmade stole made by indigenous women from Costa Rica. He gave her a copy of the Aparecida Document (the master plan for the New Evangelization in Latin America), and a medal of his pontificate. The President told the Pope that she would not be attending the canonization of Pope John Paul II. Chinchilla, who visited Pope Benedict XVI on 28 May 2012, invited Pope Francis to visit her country (John Paul II visited Costa Rica in 1983).source
  • 2013Typhoon Haiyan (Yolanda), one of the strongest tropical cyclones on record, hits the Philippines and Vietnam, causing devastation with at least 6,241 people dead.source
  • 20162016 United States presidential election: Businessman and television personality Donald Trump is elected the 45th President of the United States in a surprise upset against his opponent, former Secretary of State and First Lady Hillary Clinton.source
  • 2016The government of India announces the demonetisation of certain banknotes, causing prolonged cash shortages in the weeks that follow and significant disruption throughout the economy.source
  • 2018The Royal Norwegian Navy Frigate Helge Ingstad, part of Standing NATO Maritime Group 1, collides with an oil tanker, and sinks in shallow waters off the coast of Norway. The frigate is later scrapped due to the damages.source
  • 2018The Camp Fire ignites in Butte County, California. It becomes California's deadliest and most destructive wildfire, with 88 deaths and 18,804 buildings destroyed.source
  • 2021October 31–November 13 – The 2021 United Nations Climate Change Conference is held in Glasgow, after being postponed in 2020 due to COVID-19. A deal is agreed by world leaders, which includes a "phasedown" of unabated coal power, a 30% cut in methane emissions by 2030, plans for a halt to deforestation by 2030, and increased financial support for developing countries.source
  • 2021Vanuatuan prime minister Bob Loughman confirms that two Vanuatuan citizens who were repatriated from New Caledonia have the Delta variant and urges residents to get vaccinated.source
  • 2022November 6–November 18 – The 2022 United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP27) on climate change mitigation takes place in Sharm el-Sheikh, Egypt.source

Births

  • 30Nerva, Roman emperor (died AD 98)source
  • 1131Myeongjong, Korean king of Goryeo (died 1202)source
  • 1236Lu Xiufu, Chinese general and politician (died 1279)source
  • 1342Julian of Norwich, English mystic (approximate date; d. 1413)source
  • 1407Alain de Coëtivy, Catholic cardinal (died 1474)source
  • 1417Philipp I, Count of Hanau-Lichtenberg (1458–1480) (died 1480)source
  • 1456Queen Gonghye, Korean royal consort (died 1474)source
  • 1491Teofilo Folengo, Italian poet (died 1544)source
  • 1511Paul Eber, German Lutheran theologian (died 1569)source
  • 1543Lettice Knollys, English noblewoman (died 1634)source
  • 1555Nyaungyan Min, king of Burma (died 1605)source
  • 1563Henry II, Duke of Lorraine (died 1624)source
  • 1572John Sigismund, Elector of Brandenburg (died 1619)source
  • 1622Charles X Gustav, King of Sweden (died 1660)source
  • 1656Edmond Halley, English scientist (died 1742)source
  • 1676Louise Bénédicte de Bourbon, duchess of Maine, daughter-in-law of Louis XIV (died 1753)source
  • 1710Sarah Fielding, English author, sister of the novelist Henry Fielding (died 1768)source
  • 1715Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel-Bevern, Crown Princess of Prussia (died 1797)source
  • 1723John Byron, English admiral (died 1786)source
  • 1739Henrik Gabriel Porthan, Finnish professor and historian (died 1804)source
  • 1772William Wirt, 9th United States Attorney General (died 1834)source
  • 1830Oliver Otis Howard, American Civil War general (died 1909)source
  • 1847Bram Stoker, Irish author of the Gothic novel Dracula (died 1912)source
  • 1848Gottlob Frege, German logician (died 1925)source
  • 1868Felix Hausdorff, German mathematician (died 1942)source
  • 1885Tomoyuki Yamashita (died 1946), World War II generalsource
  • 1927Nguyễn Khánh, South Vietnamese politician and military leader, (died 2013)source
  • 1935Alain Delon, French actor (died 2024)source
  • 1945Joseph James DeAngelo, American serial killer and serial rapistsource
  • 1966Gordon Ramsay, British chef, restaurateur and television personalitysource
  • 1986Aaron Swartz, American programmer (died 2013)source

Deaths

  • 397Martin of Tours, bishop and saintsource
  • 618Pope Adeodatus I dies in Rome after a 3-year reign, in which he has reversed the policies of his predecessors, Boniface IV and Gregory I, who favored monks over the secular clergy. Adeodatus will not be replaced until next year.source
  • 785Sawara, Japanese princesource
  • 789Willehad, bishop of Bremensource
  • 928Duan Ning, Chinese generalsource
  • 940Yao Yi, Chinese chancellor (born 866)source
  • 943Liu, empress of Qi (Ten Kingdoms) (born 877)source
  • 955Pope Agapetus II, Catholic Church pontiff (born 905)source
  • 955Pope Agapetus II dies after a 9-year reign. He is succeeded by John XII, aged around 19 and the son of Alberic II (the late ruler of Rome), as the 130th pope of the Catholic Church.source
  • 977Ibn al-Qūṭiyya, Andalusian historiansource
  • 1111Otto II, German nobleman, murderedsource
  • 1122Ilghazi, Artuqid ruler of Mardinsource
  • 1171Baldwin IV, count of Hainaut (born 1108)source
  • 1226At the age of 12, Louis IX becomes the new King of France when his father, King Louis VIII, dies of dysentery at the Château de Montpensier while on his way back home after victory in the Albigensian Crusade. The boy's mother, Queen Blanche of Castile, rules the kingdom as regent during his minority.source
  • 1226Louis VIII ("the Lion"), king of France (born 1187)source
  • 1234Baha ad-Din ibn Shaddad, Arab historian (born 1145)source
  • 1246Berengaria (the Great), queen of Castilesource
  • 1258Grzymisława of Łuck, Polish princesssource
  • 1274Fujiwara no Akiuji, Japanese nobleman (born 1207)source
  • 1308John Duns Scotus, Scottish priest and philosophersource
  • 1308death of Johannes Duns Scotus.source
  • 1308Duns Scotus, one of the most important philosopher-theologians of the High Middle Ages (born c. 1266)source
  • 1319Bokguk, Korean Grand Princess and queensource
  • 1400Peter of Aragon, Aragonese infante (born 1398)source
  • 1478Emperor Baeda Maryam I of Ethiopia (born 1448)source
  • 1494Melozzo da Forlì, Italian painter (born c. 1438)source
  • 1506Edward Hastings, 2nd Baron Hastings, English noble (born 1466)source
  • 1506Edward Hastings, 2nd Baron Hastings (born 1466)source
  • 1517Francisco Jiménez de Cisneros, Spanish Catholic cardinal and statesman (born 1436)source
  • 1605Robert Catesby, English conspirator (born 1573)source
  • 1633Xu Guangqi, Chinese astronomer, Roman Catholic convert, mathematician, scholar, scientist and servant of God (born 1562)source
  • 1635Aodh Buidhe Mac an Bhaird, writer, historian and hagiographer (born c. 1593)source
  • 1658Witte de With, Dutch naval officer (born 1599)source
  • 1674John Milton, English Puritan poet (born 1608)source
  • 1703John Wallis, English mathematician (born 1616)source
  • 1773Friedrich Wilhelm von Seydlitz, Prussian general (born 1721)source
  • 1793Madame Roland, French Revolutionary hostess (executed) (born 1754)source
  • 1807Darejan Dadiani, Georgian queen consort (born 1738)source
  • 1816Gouverneur Morris, American statesman (born 1752)source
  • 1887Doc Holliday, American gambler, gunfighter (born 1851)source
  • 1890César Franck, Belgian composer and organist (born 1822)source
  • 1935Sir Charles Kingsford Smith, Australian aviator (born 1897)source
  • 1948Jean-Pierre Muller, cyclistsource
  • 1955Musa Ghiatuddin Riayat Shah of Selangor, 7th Sultan of Selangor (born 1893)source
  • 1986Vyacheslav Molotov, 96, Soviet politician, Minister of Foreign Affairs.source
  • 1987Enniskillen bombing: Twelve people are killed by a Provisional Irish Republican Army bomb at a Remembrance Day service at Enniskillen.source
  • 2010Mikhail Savitsky, painter (born 1922).source