/year

March 10 in history

233 sourced entries recorded on March 10, from 241 BCE to 2025 CE. Every line is quoted from the revision it came from.

Events

  • 241 BCEBattle of the Aegates: The Carthaginian fleet sent to relieve the Roman blockade of the Sicilian cities of Lilybaeum and Drepanum is totally defeated near the Aegates Islands off western Sicily by the Roman fleet led by Roman consul and commander Gaius Lutatius Catulus. The result is a decisive Roman victory which forces an end to the protracted First Punic War, to Rome's distinct advantage.source
  • 431Kʼukʼ Bahlam I, the first known ruler of the Mayan city-state of Palenque (the modern-day state of Chiapas in southern Mexico) comes to power and reigns until his death four years later.source
  • 947The Later Han is founded by Liu Zhiyuan, the military governor (jiedushi) of Bingzhou. He declares himself emperor (formally called Gaozu) and establishes the capital in Bian, present-day Kaifeng.source
  • 1016Emperor Sanjō of Japan abdicates the throne after a 5-year reign. He is succeeded by his 7-year-old cousin Go-Ichijō as the 68th emperor of Japan. Fujiwara no Michinaga is appointed regent.source
  • 1019Battle of Gwiju: Korean forces, led by General Kang Kam-ch'an, gain a decisive victory over the Khitan Liao Dynasty at modern-day Kusong, ending the Third Goryeo-Khitan War.source
  • 1098Baldwin of Boulogne enters Edessa, and is welcomed as liberator by the Armenian clergy. The local population massacres the Seljuk garrison and officials – or forces them to flee. Baldwin is acknowledged as their ruler (or doux). He assumes the title of count and establishes the first crusader state. Baldwin marries Arda of Armenia, daughter of Lord Thoros of Marash, and consolidates his conquered territory.source
  • 1118Gregory VIII is elected antipope.source
  • 1171King Amalric I of Jerusalem departs with a large staff for Constantinople. At Callipolis he is met by his father-in-law, John Doukas Komnenos, military governor (doux) of Cyprus. Amalric enters the Byzantine capital and is welcomed by Manuel I. In June, a treaty is signed, Amalric recognizes Manuel's suzerainty over Jerusalem.source
  • 1194Sultan Toghrul III is defeated and killed in battle with Ala ad-Din Tekish, near Rey in Persia – ending the Seljuq dynasty of Hamedan. The Seljuk Empire passes to the Khwarazmian dynasty.source
  • 1322"Despenser War": Battle of Burton Bridge – King Edward II of England orders an attack on the fortified positions of the Contrariant army under his cousin Thomas of Lancaster at Walton-on-Trent in the Midlands. Thomas is heavily outnumbered and decides to withdraw, but is pursued by Edward's troops. He escapes with the remnants of his army to Tutbury Castle and evades Edward's patrols to cross the flooded River Dove. Finally, Thomas makes his way northwards.source
  • 1382(24th day of Leap Month of Kōwa 2) Kusunoki Masanori, fighting for Southern Japan, is defeated in a battle at Kawachi Hirao with Yamana Ujiyoshi and is forced to retreat back to Tokyo.source
  • 1383The English Parliament adjourns. Among the laws given royal assent by King Richard are the pardon of most "offenders in the last insurrection, with few exceptions" and a statute of limitations on actions for trespass.source
  • 1391Stephen Dabiša succeeds Stephen Tvrtko I, as King of Bosnia.source
  • 1401As the English Parliament session closes, King Henry IV gives royal assent to the Suppression of Heresy Act, permitting secular authorities to carry out punishment for religious crimes. The assent comes after the Archbishop of Canterbury pressures King Henry to outlaw the Lollards, followers of John Wycliffe, and criminalizes possession of a copy of Wycliffe's translation of the Bible.source
  • 1417In Bohemia, Johannes Cardinalis von Bergreichenstein, rector of the University of Prague issues a proclamation declaring that the theological teachings of the late Jan Hus are doctrine confirmed for all Christians, leading to eventual condemnation by the Roman Catholic Church and the Pope for heresy.source
  • 1463Henry Beaufort, 3rd Duke of Somerset receives a general pardon from King Edward IV of England after having had his lands confiscated for his support of King Henry VI in the War of the Roses. Beaufort's renewed status lasts only until the Battle of Hexham 14 months later and he is beheaded on May 15, 1464.source
  • 1475The city of Perpignan is recaptured by the army of the Kingdom of France after having been captured by the Spanish king John II of Aragon.source
  • 1486The government of the Free Imperial City of Köln (Cologne), now part of Germany, begins the removal of all prostitutes from the city.source
  • 1496Christopher Columbus leaves Hispaniola for Spain, ending his second visit to the Western Hemisphere. During his time here he has forcibly subjugated the island, enslaved the Taíno, and laid the basis for a system of land grants tied to the Taíno's enslavement.source
  • 1520Thomas Howard, 3rd Duke of Norfolk becomes England's new Lord Deputy of Irelandsource
  • 1526Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor and King of Spain, marries Princess Isabella of Portugal at the Alcázar of Seville palace in Spain.source
  • 1534The Portuguese crown divides Colonial Brazil into fifteen donatory captaincies, hereditary titles similar to duchies. Rodrigo Ricupero, A Formação da Elite Colonial no Brasil (de 1530 a 1630) (Almedina Brasil, 2020),source
  • 1535Fray Tomás de Berlanga discovers the Galápagos Islands, when blown off course en route to Peru.source
  • 1583March 10 (February 28 O.S.) – The Queen Elizabeth's Men troupe of actors is founded in England by order of Queen Elizabeth to Edmund Tilney, the royal Master of the Revels.source
  • 1585The Spanish Army, commanded by Alexander Farnese, Duke of Parma, obtains the surrender of Brussels after a siege that began the year before.source
  • 1607Battle of Gol in Gojjam: Susenyos defeats the combined armies of Yaqob and Abuna Petros II, which makes him Emperor of Ethiopia.source
  • 1615John Ogilvie, a Jesuit priest, is hanged and drawn at Glasgow Cross in Scotland for refusing to pledge allegiance to King James VI of Scotland; he will be canonised in 1976, becoming the only post-Reformation Scottish saint.source
  • 1629Charles I of England dissolves Parliament, starting the Eleven Years' Tyrannysource
  • 1631Al Walid ben Zidan becomes the new Sultan of Morocco upon the death of Abu Marwan Abd al-Malik II.source
  • 1640March 8–13 – Siege of Galle: Dutch troops take the strategic fortress at Galle, Sri Lanka from the Portuguese.source
  • 1643City of Antwerp issues regulations for teachers of Sunday schoolssource
  • 1647set aside by Parliament as a day of public humiliation under terms of February's "An Ordinance, concerning the growth and spreading of Errors, Heresies, and Blasphemies, and for setting apart a day of Publike Humiliation, to seeke Gods assistance for the suppressing and preventing the same."source
  • 1650João Rodrigues de Vasconcelos, Portuguese Count of Castelo Melhor, becomes the new Governor of Brazil.source
  • 1650The Commonwealth of England's navy Robert Blake blockades a surviving English Royalist fleet commanded by Prince Rupert of the Rhine in the Tagus estuary at Lisbon. Rupert breaks out on October 12.source
  • 1690An annular solar eclipse is visible across the south of the Pacific Ocean.source
  • 1710The Battle of Helsingborg.source
  • 1715Birgitte Haldorsdatter was judged guilty of witchcraft in Sørum and sentenced to life imprisonment. She is the last person confirmed to have been sentenced guilty of witchcraft in Norway.source
  • 1716Simon Fraser, a former Scottish rebel who had helped end the Siege of Inverness during the first Jacobite rising, is given a pardon by King George I of Great Britain.source
  • 1726China's Yongzheng Emperor issues a special edict instructing his "Vice Minister of Punishments" Huang Bing to interrogate Qin Daoran, who provides the evidence that Yongzheng's brothers Yintang, Yin-ssu and Yin-ti, had conspired to overthrow the Emperor.source
  • 1732act reduces the interest rate on loans to 6%.source
  • 1735The Russian Empire and Persia sign the Treaty of Ganja, with Russia ceding territories in the Caucasus mountains to Persia, and the two rivals forming a defensive alliance against the Ottoman Empire.source
  • 1746Zakariya Khan Bahadur, the Mughal Empire's viceroy administering Lahore (in what is now Pakistan), orders the massacre of the city's Sikh people.source
  • 1762Jean Calas, a 68 year old French merchant convicted unjustly of murdering his son because of religious differences, is brutally executed on orders of the Parlement of Toulouse. After his legs and hips are broken and crushed, Calas is tortured on the breaking wheel (la roue), to remain "in pain and repentance for his crimes and misdeeds, for as long as it shall please God to keep him alive."source
  • 1762Jean Calas, a 68 year old merchant convicted unjustly of murdering his son because of religious differences, is brutally executed on orders of the Parlement of Toulouse: after his legs and hips are broken and crushed, he is tortured on the breaking wheel (la roue) to remain "in pain and repentance for his crimes and misdeeds, for as long as it shall please God to keep him alive"source
  • 1762William Robertson is elected Principal of the University of Edinburgh, an office which he will hold until his death in 1793, contributing to the Scottish Enlightenment.source
  • 1773March 9–19 – Second voyage of James Cook: Tobias Furneaux in HMS Adventure explores the coast of Van Diemen's Land.source
  • 1774The Boston Journal makes the first reference to the "Stars and Stripes" flag to symbolize the American colonies, reporting that "The American ensign now sparkles a door which shall shortly flame from the skies."source
  • 1778American Revolutionary War: George Washington approves the dishonorable discharge of Lieutenant Frederick Gotthold Enslin, for "attempting to commit sodomy, with John Monhort a soldier".source
  • 1779The Treaty of Aynalıkavak is signed between Ottoman Turkey and the Russian Empire, regarding the Crimean Khanate.source
  • 1785Thomas Jefferson is appointed the new U.S. Minister to France, and Benjamin Franklin's request for permission to return home is accepted.source
  • 1785American engineer James Rumsey sends a letter to George Washington informing of his plans to create a steamboat.source
  • 1788The La Perouse expedition leaves Sydney Cove for New Caledonia, never to be seen again.source
  • 1789In Japan, the Menashi–Kunashir rebellion begins between the Ainu people and Japanese.source
  • 1801The first census is held in Great Britain. The population of England and Wales is determined to be 8.9 million, with London revealed to have 860,035 residents. 1.5 million people live in cities of 20,000 or more in England and Wales, accounting for 17% of the total English population.source
  • 1801the first British census is carried out (under terms of the Census Act 1800), with the Scottish counts undertaken by schoolmasters. The population of Scotland is determined to be 1,608,420.source
  • 1801The first British census is carried out. The count is conducted by clergy, overseers of the poor and schoolmasters. The population of England and Wales is determined to be 8.9 million, with London revealed to have 860,035 residents.source
  • 1804Louisiana Purchase, Three Flags Day: In St. Louis, a formal ceremony is conducted to transfer ownership of Louisiana Territory from France to the United States.source
  • 1804Last formalities of the Louisiana Purchase; in St. Louis, a ceremony is conducted to transfer ownership from France to the United States.source
  • 1817The Blanketeers set out to march from Manchester to London; on 11 March, 160 are arrested at Stockport.source
  • 1820The Astronomical Society of London is founded.source
  • 1820Astronomical Society of London is founded.source
  • 1831The French Foreign Legion is founded.source
  • 1831The French Foreign Legion is founded.source
  • 1846Prince Osahito, fourth son of deceased Emperor Ninkō of Japan, becomes Emperor Kōmei.source
  • 1856John Jones (Shoni Sguborfawr) is sentenced to three months hard labour for drunkenness.source
  • 1857March 8 – 12 – Spirit Lake Massacre, near Okoboji and Spirit lakes in the northwestern territory of Iowa near the Minnesota border.source
  • 1861El Hadj Umar Tall seizes the city of Ségou, destroying the Bamana Empire of Mali.source
  • 1863Albert Edward, Prince of Wales (later Edward VII of the United Kingdom) marries Princess Alexandra of Denmark (later Queen Alexandra).source
  • 1870Deutsche Bank is founded in Berlin.source
  • 1876Alexander Graham Bell makes the first successful telephone call, saying "Mr. Watson, come here, I want to see you".source
  • 1884Foundation of the Terni steelworks in Umbria with state guarantees and capital from several large banks, such as the Banca Generale, Credito Mobiliare and Banca Nazionale in the Kingdom of Italy. Construction, an important step in the industrialization of Italy, of the plant began shortly afterwards with the support of workers from the French Schneider steelworks. Completion was reached after two years and showed a complex of international significance. The key initiator of the project was the Minister of the Navy Benedetto Brin, while the self-made industrialist, Ernesto Breda, was its technical designer. The main purpose was to free the Italian Royal Navy and the Italian railways from depending on foreign steel. The national output of steel, which had been under 4,000 tons in 1881, reached 158,000 tons in 1889.source
  • 1891March 9–12 – The Great Blizzard of 1891 in the south and west of England leads to extensive snow drifts and powerful storms off the south coast, with 14 ships sunk, and approximately 220 deaths attributed to the weather conditions.source
  • 1893Ivory Coast becomes a French colony.source
  • 1893The Government takes control of Uganda from the British East Africa Company.source
  • 1902Clashes between police and Georgian workers led by Joseph Stalin leave 15 dead, 54 wounded, and 500 in prison.source
  • 1902A Circuit Court decision in the United States ends Thomas Edison's monopoly on 35 mm movie film technology.source
  • 1905Russo-Japanese War: The Japanese capture of Mukden (modern-day Shenyang) completes the rout of Russian armies in Manchuria.source
  • 1905In Cleveland, Ohio, Cassie Chadwick is sentenced for 14 years in prison for fraud.source
  • 1906Courrières mine disaster: An explosion in a coal mine in France kills 1,060.source
  • 1906Courrières mine disaster: Explosion in coal mine in Courrières kills 1099.source
  • 1908Australians Douglas Mawson and Edgeworth David accompanied by Ernest Shackleton and others are the first people to scale Mount Erebus in Antarctica.source
  • 1909The Anglo-Siamese Treaty of 1909 is signed in Bangkok.source
  • 1910Nazareth Baptist Church, an African-initiated church, is founded by Prophet Isaiah Shembe.source
  • 1910Release of In Old California, the first film made in Hollywood, California, directed by D. W. Griffith.source
  • 1910Slavery in China, which has existed since the Shang dynasty, is made illegal.source
  • 1914Suffragette Mary Richardson damages Velázquez's painting Rokeby Venus in London's National Gallery, with a meat chopper.source
  • 1914suffragette Mary Richardson damages the Velázquez painting the Rokeby Venus in the National Gallery, London, with a meat cleaver.source
  • 1915World War I: German submarine U-12 is hunted down by Royal Navy destroyers HMS Ariel, HMS Acheron and HMS Attack off the Firth of Forth and sunk with the loss of 19 of her crew, 10 being saved.source
  • 1916The McMahon–Hussein Correspondence concludes with an understanding that the United Kingdom would recognise Arab independence in return for Hussein bin Ali, Sharif of Mecca, launching the Arab Revolt against the Ottoman Empire.source
  • 1917The Province of Batangas is formally founded, as one of the Philippines' first encomiendas.source
  • 1918The 1918 Innisfail cyclone made landfall in the area around Innisfailsource
  • 1920The world's first peaceful establishment of a social democratic government takes place in Sweden as Hjalmar Branting takes over as prime minister when Nils Edén leaves office.source
  • 1922Mahatma Gandhi is arrested in Bombay for sedition.source
  • 1930Goodbye Argentina (Adiós Argentina), the first Argentine film with a (musical) soundtrack, is released, giving Ada Cornaro her first starring role and Libertad Lamarque her film debut.source
  • 1933The 6.4 Mw Long Beach earthquake shakes Southern California with a maximum Mercalli intensity of VIII (Severe), killing 115 people.source
  • 1933The 6.4 Mw Long Beach earthquake affects the Greater Los Angeles Area with a maximum Mercalli intensity of VIII (Severe), leaving 115–120 people dead, and causing an estimated $40 million in damage.source
  • 1937March 10 (dated March 14 (Passion Sunday)) – The encyclical Mit brennender Sorge ("With burning concern") of Pope Pius XI is published in Germany in the German language. Largely the work of Cardinals von Faulhaber and Pacelli, it condemns breaches of the 1933 Reichskonkordat agreement signed between the Nazi government and the Catholic Church, and criticises Nazism's views on race and other matters incompatible with Catholicism.source
  • 1937The Encyclical Mit brennender Sorge of Pope Pius XI is published in Nazi Germany.source
  • 1939March 10–21 — 18th Congress of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks)source
  • 1940General elections are held. Enrique Peñaranda (I-CONC) wins by 85.99%source
  • 1943Banco Bradesco is founded in Marília, São Paulo, Brazil.source
  • 1943March 9–10 – WWII: North Atlantic convoy SC 121 is attacked by U-boats sinking seven ships.source
  • 1943Decree confiscating church bells to be melted down for metal.source
  • 1945March 9–10 – WWII: Bombing of Tokyo: USAAF B-29 bombers attack Tokyo, Japan with incendiary bombs, killing 100,000 citizens in the firebombing. It is the single most destructive conventional air attack of the war.source
  • 1945Major bombing of Tokyosource
  • 1946An Australian National Airways DC-3 aircraft crashes near Hobart, killing 25 people.source
  • 1947Ole Wehus, Nazi collaborator and torturer, executed (born 1909)source
  • 1949A Lockheed Model 18 Lodestar crashes near Coolangatta, Queensland, killing all 21 on board.source
  • 1952General Fulgencio Batista re-takes power in Cuba in a coup.source
  • 1956The Fairey Delta 2 breaks the World Air Speed Record, raising it to 1,132 mph or Mach 1.73, an increase of some 300 mph over the previous record, and thus becoming the first aircraft to exceed 1,000 mph in level flight.source
  • 1959The Tibetan uprising erupts in Lhasa when Chinese officials attempt to arrest the Dalai Lama.source
  • 1960Gad Frumkin (born 1887), Israeli jurist, only Jewish judge on the Supreme Court of Mandatory Palestine.source
  • 1962March 8–12 – In Geneva, France and the Algerian FLN begin negotiations.source
  • 1965Indonesian saboteurs carry out the MacDonald House bombing, killing 3 people.source
  • 1965An engagement is announced between Princess Margriet of the Netherlands and Pieter van Vollenhoven, who will become the first commoner and the first Dutchman to marry into the Dutch royal family.source
  • 1965Rwandan general election, 1965source
  • 1966Crown Princess Beatrix of the Netherlands marries Claus von Amsberg. Some spectators demonstrate against the groom because he is German.source
  • 1968March 10–11 – Vietnam War: Battle of Lima Site 85, the largest single ground combat loss of United States Air Force members (12) during the (at this time) secret war later known as the Laotian Civil War.source
  • 19741973–74 Albanian Cup: FK Dinamo Tirana defeats FK Partizani Tirana 1-0 at Qemal Stafa Stadium, Tiranasource
  • 1974A ban on private automobiles on alternate days based on odd/even license plates went into effect, replacing the Sunday ban introduced in December of the previous year.source
  • 1975Vietnam War: North Vietnamese troops attack Ban Mê Thuột in South Vietnam on their way to capturing Saigon.source
  • 1975An extended portion of Sanyō Shinkansen between Okayama Station and Hakata Station opens, giving the Japanese Shinkansen high speed rail network access to the country's second island, Kyushu.source
  • 1976March 9–11 – Two coal mine explosions claim 26 lives at the Blue Diamond Coal Co. Scotia Mine, in Letcher County, Kentucky.source
  • 1977The rings of Uranus are discovered.source
  • 1978The leadership of "Angkar," had fostered a cult of personality centered on the "Supreme authority", which continues omnipresent and demanded complete loyalty to the "Communist Party of Kampuchea" (CPK), the People's Republic of China was the primary benefactor of the military provided by the People's Liberation Army (PLA) with the vast majority of its external support from China, while North Korea (DPRK) also served as a significant and loyal ally to the Khmer Rouge, though its material contributions were secondary to those from Beijing, with Pyongyang became generally the second-largest trading partner after China, which both maintained strong, unique ties of the geopolitical alliances between the two nations.source
  • 1979Uganda–Tanzania War: Battle of Lukaya: The Ugandan military, a Libyan expeditionary force and allied Palestine Liberation Organisation militants begin a counter-offensive against Tanzanian troops in south-central Uganda. The Ugandan-led alliance retakes Lukaya after a short clash with the Tanzanian military.source
  • 1980George Boley is arrested on charges of treason and sedition.source
  • 1982The United States places an embargo on Libyan oil imports, alleging Libyan state-sponsored terrorism.source
  • 1982Syzygy: All 9 planets recognized at this time align on the same side of the Sun.source
  • 1985Karamanlis resigns from the Presidency after the surprising political gamble of Andreas Papandreou for not supporting Karamanlis for a second term, leading to a constitutional crisis.source
  • 1990The Branch MRT line is opened from Jurong East to Choa Chu Kang. It merged into the North South MRT line in 1996 following the Woodlands Extension.source
  • 1991500,000-participants rally on Manezhnaya Square in Moscow. The main slogans of the action were the resignation of the President of the USSR Mikhail Gorbachev, support for Boris Yeltsin, active participation in the all-Union referendum. Organizers: Democratic Russia, Moscow Association of Voters, Memorial Society.source
  • 1995Konstantinos Stephanopoulos was sworn in as President in the Hellenic Parliament and succeeding Konstantinos Karamanlis.source
  • 1998Rabbi Hayim David HaLevi (born 1924), Chief Rabbi of Tel Aviv.source
  • 2000The NASDAQ Composite Index reaches an all-time high of 5,048. Two weeks later, the NASDAQ-100, S&P 500, and Wilshire 5000 reach their peaks prior to the Dot-com bubble, ending a bull market run that had lasted over 17 years.source
  • 2002March 2–10 – Afghan and coalition troops carry out Operation Anaconda in the Shah-i-Kot Valley, the largest combat operation against Al-Qaeda and the Taliban to that point.source
  • 2003The opening of European Economic and Trade Office in Taipei.source
  • 2005Mohamed Daoud Chehem, the only opposition candidate in the forthcoming presidential elections, withdraws from the race. The incumbent President Ismail Omar Guelleh remains the only candidate in the elections of April 8.source
  • 2006Michelle Bachelet becomes the first female president of Chile.source
  • 2006NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter enters orbit around Mars.source
  • 2007March 8–11 – Edoardo Molinari from Italy wins 2007 Kenya Open golf tournament held in Karen Golf and Country Club, Nairobi. Jacob Okello was the best placed Kenyan golfer. Kenya Open is part of the Challenge Tour.source
  • 2008Protests in Tibet against China's treatment of Tibetans begin.source
  • 2017The UN warns that the world is facing the largest humanitarian crisis since World War II, with up to 20 million people at risk of starvation and famine in Yemen, Somalia, South Sudan and Nigeria.source
  • 2018March 9-18: Belarus takes part in the 2018 Winter Paralympics in PyeongChang, South Korea.source
  • 2018March 9–18 – The 2018 Winter Paralympics are held in Pyeongchang, South Korea.source
  • 2019Ethiopian Airlines Flight 302, a Boeing 737 MAX 8 bound for Nairobi, crashes shortly after takeoff from Addis Ababa, killing all 157 people on board. All Boeing 737 MAX aircraft are subsequently grounded worldwide.source
  • 2021Authorities worry about an increase in migrants from Haiti and Cuba. The skipper of a raft from Cuba is arrested for human trafficking after his raft explodes, leaving one dead and five missing (including a 28-year-old woman and her two children, 4 and 6). Twenty others were rescued; three of the rescuers had to be treated in a Bahamian hospital for sunburn.source
  • 2022March 4 – March 13 – The 2022 Winter Paralympics are held in Beijing, China, making it the first city to host both Summer Paralympics and Winter Paralympics.source
  • 2023Kivu conflict: Angola announces the deployment of troops to the Democratic Republic of the Congo, following the failure of a ceasefire between government forces and M23 rebels in North Kivu.source
  • 2023Silicon Valley Bank, the 16th largest bank in the United States, fails, creating then the largest bank failure since the 2008 financial crisis, affecting companies around the world.source
  • 2023March 8–21 – The 2023 World Baseball Classic is held in, and won by, Japan.source
  • 2025March 8–17 – The 2025 Special Olympics World Winter Games are held in Turin, Italy.source

Births

  • 852Qian Liu, Chinese warlord and king (died 932)source
  • 1314Ramathibodi I, Thai nobleman, prince and ruler (died 1369)source
  • 1415Vasily II of Moscow, Grand Prince (died 1462)source
  • 1430Oliviero Carafa, Italian Catholic cardinal (died 1511)source
  • 1452King Ferdinand II of Aragon, Aragonese king and first king of a united Spain (by marriage to Isabella of Castile) (died 1516)source
  • 1503Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor (died 1564)source
  • 1515Injong of Joseon, 12th king of the Joseon Dynasty of Korea (died 1545)source
  • 1522Miyoshi Nagayoshi, Japanese samurai and daimyō (died 1564)source
  • 1528Akechi Mitsuhide, Japanese samurai and warlord (died 1582)source
  • 1535William of Rosenberg, High Treasurer and High Burgrave of Bohemia (died 1592)source
  • 1549Francis Solanus, Spanish missionary and saint (died 1610)source
  • 1590Dietrich Reinkingk, German lawyer and politician (died 1664)source
  • 1604Johann Rudolf Glauber, German-Dutch alchemist and chemist (approximate date; d. 1670)source
  • 1604March 10 (claimed) – David Barry, 1st Earl of Barrymore (died 1642)source
  • 1607Thomas Wriothesley, 4th Earl of Southampton, English statesman (died 1667)source
  • 1615Hans Ulrik Gyldenløve, naval officer and illegitimate son of Christian IV (died 1645)source
  • 1627Catharina Wallenstedt, letter writer (died 1719)source
  • 1628Marcello Malpighi, Italian biologist and physician (died 1694)source
  • 1635Jan van Buken, painter (died 1690)source
  • 1653John Benbow, English Royal Navy Admiral (died 1702)source
  • 1654Giuseppe Bartolomeo Chiari, Italian painter (died 1727)source
  • 1695Adrien Manglard, French painter and engraver (died 1760)source
  • 1703Peter Warren, British Royal Navy officer (died 1752)source
  • 1709Georg Wilhelm Steller, German botanist (died 1746)source
  • 1748John Playfair, Scottish scientist (died 1819)source
  • 1749Lorenzo Da Ponte, Italian librettist (died 1838)source
  • 1768Domingos Sequeira, painter (died 1837)source
  • 1772Friedrich von Schlegel, German poet (died 1829)source
  • 1776Louise of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, Queen of Prussia (died 1810)source
  • 1787Francisco de Paula Martínez de la Rosa y Berdejo, Prime Minister of Spain (died 1862)source
  • 1788Joseph von Eichendorff, German poet (died 1857)source
  • 1800George Hudson, English railway financier (died 1871)source
  • 1842Mykola Lysenko, Ukrainian composer (died 1912)source
  • 1845Emperor Alexander III of Russia (died 1894)source
  • 1919Pavel Bogovski, Estonian oncologist and anatomy pathologistsource
  • 1957Osama bin Laden, Saudi-born terrorist and founder of al-Qaeda (died 2011)source

Deaths

  • 320Cyrion and Candidus, Armenian Orthodox priest and saintssource
  • 483Pope Simplicius dies at Rome after a 15-year reign, and is succeeded by Felix III as the 48th pope; Rome is without a pope for 10 days in the interim. Felix III is a widower with two children.source
  • 933Li Renfu, Chinese warlord and governorsource
  • 948Liu Zhiyuan, founder of the Later Han (born 895)source
  • 1030Welf II, German nobleman (Elder House of Welf)source
  • 1039Odo of Gascony (or Eudes), French noblemansource
  • 1119Muirchertach Ua Briain, Irish king of Munstersource
  • 1149Reginald I ("the One-Eyed"), count of Barsource
  • 1173Richard of Saint Victor, Scottish theologiansource
  • 1222Johan Sverkersson, king of Sweden since 1216 (born 1201)source
  • 1243Cyril III, patriarch of Alexandria (born 1175)source
  • 1289Maud de Lacy (or Matilda), English noblewoman (born 1223)source
  • 1291Arghun Khan, Mongol ruler of the Ilkhanate (born 1258)source
  • 1312Casimir of Bytom, Polish nobleman (House of Piast)source
  • 1315Agnes Blannbekin, Austrian mystic and writer (born 1244)source
  • 1391King Tvrtko I of Bosnia (born 1338)source
  • 1476Richard West, 7th Baron De La Warr (born 1430)source
  • 1510Johann Geiler von Kaisersberg, German preacher (born 1445)source
  • 1513John de Vere, 13th Earl of Oxford, English general (born 1443)source
  • 1528Balthasar Hübmaier, influential German/Moravian Anabaptist leader (born 1480)source
  • 1572William Paulet, 1st Marquess of Winchester (born c. 1483)source
  • 1585Rembert Dodoens, Flemish physician and botanist (born 1517)source
  • 1627Elizabeth de Vere, Countess of Derby, British businessman (born 1575)source
  • 1662Samuel Hartlib, British scholar (born 1600)source
  • 1669John Denham, English poet (born 1615)source
  • 1693Carlo Cesare Malvasia, Italian art historian (born 1616)source
  • 1695Almost all French Army soldiers in a column of 1,300 troops, commanded by Brigadier General Urbain Le Clerc de Juigné, are killed or captured in the Battle of Sant Esteve d'en Bas against a smaller Spanish Empire force led by Ramon de Sala i Saçala during the War of the Grand Alliance.source
  • 1766Jane Colden, American botanist (born 1724)source
  • 1796William Chambers, Scottish-Swedish architect (born 1723)source
  • 1819Friedrich Heinrich Jacobi, German philosopher (born 1743)source
  • 1826Dom João VI, King of Portugal and former Emperor of Brazil, dies six days after he had been served dinner while visiting Jerónimos Monastery. An investigative autopsy 174 years later will discover that he had been killed by arsenic poisoning. King João's, Emperor Pedro I of Brazil, sails back to Portugal and briefly reigns as King Pedro IV of Portugal, before turning over the Portuguese throne to his daughter, Maria.source
  • 1826King John VI of Portugal (born 1767)source
  • 1826John VI of Portugal, king (born 1767).source
  • 1832Muzio Clementi, Italian composer and pianist (born 1752)source
  • 1861Taras Shevchenko, Ukrainian poet (born 1814)source
  • 1864Maximilian II of Bavaria, German king of Bavaria (born 1811)source
  • 1895Amai Pakpak, Maranao leadersource
  • 1897Savitribai Phule, Indian social reformer and poet (born 1831)source
  • 1900Delfina Herbosa de Natividad, one of the three women who seamed together the Flag of the Philippines (born 1879)source
  • 1913Harriet Tubman, American abolitionist, humanitarian and spy (born c. 1822)source
  • 1948Jan Masaryk, Czechoslovak Foreign Minister (born 1886)source
  • 1948Zelda Fitzgerald, American wife of F. Scott Fitzgerald (born 1900)source
  • 1994Rupert Bruce-Mitford, 79, British archaeologist and scholar.source
  • 2010Corey Haim, 38, Canadian actor (Lucas, The Lost Boys, License to Drive), pneumonia.source
  • 2012Jean Giraud, 73, French comic book artist (Blueberry, Métal Hurlant) and film production designer (Tron, Alien), cancer.source